gela do grin okos — green-eyed girl
okula do surya — sun spectacles
jen do lignagamba — a man with wooden leg
es kosa do ridi — this is ridiculous
mashina do skribi — typewriter
Duran
During:
duran gwer — during the war
duran laste dwa yar — in the course of the last two years
duran ke — while
duran to — meanwhile
E
And:
me e yu — me and you
me sal go a kino, e yu? — I am going to go to the cinema, and you?
See i
Ewalaa
(coordinating conjunction introducing new, often little expected circumstances):
Ta en-chi ewalaa ye tro mucho pepa. — As he began to eat, he felt that there is too much pepper added.
Me zin shop ewalaa may amiga zai kupi pan. — When I entered the shop, I saw that my friend was buying bread.
Pa un dey saja zai prei, ewalaa orla pasi, mah-lwo maus inu saja-ney handas. Saja ofni okos, ewalaa ye maus in handas. — One day when the sage was praying, an eagle happened to pass by and the eagle dropped a mouse in the hands of the sage. The sage opened his eyes, and there was a mouse in his hands.
Exepte
Except:
oli exepte me — everyone except me
Fo
For:
1) indicates the object, aim, or purpose of an action or activity:
es fo yu — this is for you
me lai-te fo vidi yu — I came to see you
fo ke — in order to (=dabe)
2) indicates duration or a specific time:
fo kelke taim — for some time
mita aranji-ney fo klok dwa — the meeting arranged for two o'clock
Fon
From:
Me zai go fon teatra — I am going from the theatre.
fon kapa til peda — from head to foot
fon sabah til aksham — from morning till evening
I
"i… i..." — "both... and...":
i lu i ela — both he and she
i sey-las i toy-las — these as well as those
(adverb)
too, also (relates to the following word)
I me koni lu. — I too know him.
Me jan i ela. — I know also her.
In
In:
1) refers to place:
Nu jivi in Rusia. — We live in Russia.
2) refers to time:
in petdi — on Friday
in lai-she yar — in the next year
3) expresses other meanings:
in nove palto — in a new overcoat
kreda in Boh — belief in God
in tal kasu — in such case
Inen
(preposition and adverb) inside, within:
inen dom — within the house
Dwar es klosi-ney fon inen. — The door is closed from inside.
inen me — within me
Lu es inen. — He is inside, he is in.
inen-temperatura — the inside temperature
lo inen — the inside
Inplas
instead (of), in place (of):
Go dar inplas me! — Go there instead of me!
Inplas resti lu go-te for. — Instead of remaining here he went on.
Lu plei inplas gun. — He plays instead of working.
Inter
between:
inter dwar e winda — between the door and the window.
Lu lai-te inter klok ot e shi de sabah. — He came between 8 and 10 in the morning.
mutuale samaja inter jenmin — mutual understanding between the peoples
Inu
(preposition and adverb) into:
Ela go-te inu shamba. — She went into the room.
Kan inu! — Look inside!
Nulwan mog transformi fer inu golda. — Nobody can change iron into gold.
Kontra
(preposition and adverb):
1) against, contrary to:
kontra may vola — against my will
2) opposite, in front of (in space):
Dom es kontra. — The house is on the opposite side.
3) against (contact from an opposite direction):
apogi kontra mur — lean against the wall
(prefix):
kontratoxin — antidote
kontrakosa — opposite (noun)
Krome
Besides:
Krome ke nu es fatigi-ney, nu bu hev pyu taim. — We are tired, and besides we don't have any more time.
krome to — besides that, moreover
Kun
With, along with:
ela shwo kun smaila — she said with a smile
filma kun Jeki Chan — a film with Jackie Chan
kompari kun koysa — to compare with something
Lu klosi-te dwar kun shum. — He closed the door with a noise.
kun forsa — with force (cf.: bay forsa — by force)
Malgree
In spite of.
Miden
Amid, in the middle; among:
miden shamba — in the middle of the room
miden amigas — among friends
Miden li ye diverse jen. — There are various people among them.
Nich
(preposition and adverb) down(wards):
go nich — to go down
nich kolina — down the hill
Nichen
(preposition and adverb) down (at what place?), at the lower part of:
Lu es nichen. — He is down.
nichen bey — at the lower part of back
nichen kolina — at the bottom of the hill
nicha — bottom, lower part
Obwol
Though, although:
Obwol me jan urba aika hao, sey plasa, me totem bu jan it. — Although I know the city quite well, this place is completely unknown to me.
Oda (the short form is 'o')
Or:
yu o lu — you or he
"oda... oda..." — "either... or..."
Of
Indicates that a mechanism or connection is off:
Radio es of. — The radio is off.
mah-of radio — to switch the radio off
Om
About, concerning, on (refers to the subject of activity):
Me dumi-te om yu. — I thought about you.
Nau om otre kosas. — Now about other things.
Li oli ridi-te om sey insidenta. — They all laughed about this incident.
Nu zai gun om sey problema. — We are working on/at this problem.
On
On:
1) indicates that something is on a surface:
on tabla — on the table
2) indicates that a mechanism or connection is on:
Radio es on. — The radio is on.
mah-on radio — to switch the radio on
Pa
Preposition of wide meaning, often can be used instead of other prepositions:
1) indicates place, time (at, on, in):
pa dom — at home
pa mur — on the wall
pa gata — in the street
sidi pa tabla — sit at the table
London lagi pa Tems. — London lies on the Thames.
Ob mani es pa yu? — Is the money with you?
pa vesna — in spring
2) introduces an adverbial phrase:
shwo pa inglish — speak (in) English
pa un-ney kansa — at first sight
Ta jivi pa shi kilometra fon mar. — He lives 10 km from the sea.
pa exponenta — exponentially
pa ol mogsa — with all one's might
pa char — four (together)