Bibliography
Primary sourcesSources for medieval history tend to be much less freely availaible than their equivalents from the classical period. Not only do a majority remain untranslated, but many are accessible only in intimidating volumes of nineteenth-century scholarship. Two resources are particularly indispensable. One is the Patrologia Latina, an immense compendium of sermons, saints’ lives and other writings on ecclesiastical themes, gathered together in no fewer than 221 volumes by a single French priest, Jacques-Paul Migne. The other is the Monumenta Germaniae Historica, an even more titanic anthology of sources for the study of medieval history, begun in 1826 and ongoing to this day. Its title notwithstanding, the range of texts it embraces is far from confined to Germany. It is, however, authentically monumental.The following abbreviations were unavoidable:AASS: Acta Sanctorum Quotquot Orbe Colunter, Société des Bollandistes Antwerp, Brussels and Paris, 1643–1940EHD: English Historical Documents 1, c. 500–1042, Dorothy Whitelock London, 1979MGH: Monumenta Germaniae HistoricaAA: Auctores Antiquissimi Libelli: Libelli de lite imperatorum et pontificumSRG: Scriptores Rerum Germanicarum in usum scholarum separati editiiSS: ScriptoresPG: Patrologia GraecaPL: Patrologia LatinaAll quotations from the Bible are from the Revised Standard Version. All quotations from the Qur’an are from the translation by Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Indianapolis, 1992).
Abbo of Fleury: Apologeticus ad Hugonem et Rodbertum Reges Francorum, in PL 139Abd Allah b. Buluggin al-Ziri al-Sanhaji: Al-Tibyan, tr. A. T. Tibi Leiden, 1986Adalbero of Laon: Poème au roi Robert, C. Carozzi Paris, 1979Adam of Bremen: History of the Archbishops of Hamburg-Bremen, tr. Francis J. Tschan New York, 2002Adémar of Chabannes: Ademari Cabannensis Chronica, Pascale Bourgain Turnhout, 1999Adso of Montier-en-Der: “Letter on the Origin and Time of the Antichrist,” in Apocalyptic Spirituality: Treatises and Letters of Lactantius, Adso of Montier-en-Der, Joachim of Fiore, The Franciscan Spirituals, Savonarola, tr. Bernard McGinn New York, 1979Aelfric: Colloquy, G. N. Garmonsway London, 1947Aelfric: Aelfric’s Catholic Homilies, Malcolm Godden London, 1979Albert of Aachen: Historia Ierosolimitana, Susan B. Edgington Oxford, 2007Albert of Metz: Fragmentum ed Deoderico primo episcopo Mettensi, in MGH SS 4 Hanover, 1854Alcuin: Letters, in Alcuin of York, c. A.D. 732 to 804: His Life and Letters, by Stephen Allott York, 1974Amatus of Monte Cassino: The History of the Normans, tr. Prescott N. Dunbar Woodbridge, 2004Andrew of Fleury: Miraculi Sancti Benedicti, Eugene de Certain Paris, 1858Andrew of Fleury: Vie de Gauzlin, Abbé de Fleury, Robert-Henri Bautier Paris, 1969Angilbertus: Karolus Magnus et Leo Papa, in MGH Poetae Latini aevi Karolini 1 Berlin, 1881Anna Comnena: The Alexiad, tr. E. R. A. Sewter London, 2003Annales Hildesheimenses, in MGH SRG 8 Hanover, 1878Annales Quedlinburgenses, in MGH SS 3 Hanover, 1839Annals of Ulster, tr. Seán Mac Airt and Gearóid Mac Niocail Dublin, 1983Archives d’Anjou, Paul Marchegay, 3 Angers, 1843–56Ari Thorgilsson: Book of the Icelanders, Halldór Hermannsson Ithaca, 1930Arnold of Regensburg: Vita S. Emmerami, in MGH SS 4 Hanover, 1841Arnulf of Milan: Liber Gestorum Recentium, in MGH SRG 67 Hanover, 1994Augustine: City of God, tr. Henry Bettenson London, 2003Augustine: On Order, tr. Silvano Borruso South Bend, 2006Avitus of Vienne: Epistulae, in MGH AA 6.2 Berlin, 1888Battle of Maldon, in EHDBeno: Benonis et Aliorum Cardinalium Schismaticorum Contra Gregorium VII. et Urbanum II. Scripta, in MGH Libelli 2 Hanover, 1892Bibliotheca Cluniacensis, Martinus Marrier and Andreas Quercetanus Mâcon, 1915