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III
We have said a great deal about the revolution of 1848. Like the entire world, we were attracted to it. It even attracted its opponents; they also did not remain in place and move even further into their positions.
The attraction did not last long, but people had trouble going back to their old ways. [. . .]
And at the same time that revolution, beaten on all counts, gave up everything that had been achieved since 1789, the frightened autocracy in Russia, having crushed Hungary without need or sense, threw itself into the persecution of thought, scholarship, and every kind of civic endeavor.
[1]
We are not the ones who reduced this to a bookish battle—that's the way it really was. The entire intellectual life of Russia in the thirties and forties was reduced to literature and teaching. This quarrel occupied no more than
[2] The Sovereign in the Avenue Marigny
But where is the first part? In the first issue of The Bell, it appeared exactly ten years ago on the occasion of a journey by the "widowed empress-