13
13
608
609
ANION CUKKIIOV
5 See RGALI, 640 1 189: Svobodin's letters to Lavrov: 11 Oct. 89. 6 See G. Shaliugin, 'Uchitel slovesnosti', in Chekhoviana 1990, 124-9. 7 See OR, 331 46 33: A. Ipatieva-Golden's letters to Anton, 1889-91. 8 This passage is to be found in VI. I. Nemirovich-Danchenko, Rozhdenie teatra, 1989, 60-1. 9 See OR, 331 47 13b: Kleopatra Karatygina's letters to Anton Chekhov, 1890. 10 See OR, 331 49 25b: this phrase is cut from Levitan, 1956. 11 Quoted from VI. Rynkevich, Puteshestvie k domu s mezoninom, Rostov, 1990, 54-7: the Ioganson diary is in GPB, SPb, and in MXaT. 12 Lieutenant Schmidt wrote his recollections in Nasha Gazeta, Tallinn, 1927, XI: see G. Shaliugin, 'la i moi voennye sputniki', Oktiabr',
1987, 5, 195-201.
13 See OR, 331 46 ia: Aleksandr Ivanenko's letters to Anton, 188991: 28 May 1890. 14 See RGALI, 2540 1 161: Masha's letters to Ivan Chekhov, 1890-1908: 8 May 1890. 15 This letter is cut from the PSSP: see A. P. Chudakov, ' "Neprilichnye slova" i oblik klassika' in Literatumoe Obozrenie, 1991, 11, 54. 16 P. Kononovich is recorded as a pupil of Taganrog gimnazia in die 1850s: if General Kononovich is a relative, this might explain his affability to Anton. 17 See OR, 331 33 126: Evgenia's letters to Anton, 1875-1904. 18 See LN87, 294-300: Plavanie A. P. Chekhova (from the log of the Petersburg). 19 See OR, 331 33 125: Evgenia's 22 See RGAL1, 189 1 2: Ezhov's draft Humorists of the 1880s; quoted in PSSP, XI, 412-13. 23 See Davydov's Koe-cbto 0 Cbekhove, quoted in PSSP, XI, 414. 24 See OR, 331 82 9: Anna Sokolnikova's letter to Evgenia Chekhova, 20 Jan. 1888. 25 The two writers had exchanged only a few words at an evening gathering a few days previously; Chekhov and Garshin's mother had taken to each other, when Chekhov visited die bookshop belonging to Evgeni Garshin, die writer's brother - a critic who became very hostile to Chekhov. 16 See OR, 331 49 42a: A. Lazarev-Gruzinsky's letters to Anton, 1887-8. 27 That same autumn the Dir was wrecked on the shores of the Crimea. 28 See OR, 331 48 27: Korneev's letters to Anton, 1886-94. 29 See OR, 331 33 14: Natalia Golden's letter to Anton, 18 NTov. 1888. 30 See OR, 331 59 71a: A. A. Suvorin's letters to Anton, 1888. 31 This letter (24 Nov. 1888) is cut in the PSSP: see A. P. Chudakov, ' "Neprilichnye slova" i oblik klassika' in Literatumoe Obozrenie 1991, 11, 54. 32 Pleshcheev notes 14 v 1891, see Pis'ma russkikh pisatelei k Suvorina, Leningrad 1927, 130. 33 Bowdlerized in the PSSP: see RGALI, 594 1 269. 34 She was still writing Anton from Kharkov, inviting him there to help her husband. 35 See S. I. Smirnova-Sazonova's diary, LN8j, 305. 36 Shcheglov reconstructed the play, a poor piece, in 1911 as The Power of Hypnotism.
610
37 See OR, 331 59 75: Anastasia Suvorina's letters to Anton, 18891900. 38 See Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko's letter to Anton in Ezhegodnik MKhaTa, 1944, 1,93. 39 See RGALI, 189 1 19: Lazarev-Gruzinsky to Ezhov, 1884-91: letters of 10 Dec. 1888, 21 Jan. 1889. 40 See N. M. Ezhov, A. P. Chekhov in Istoricheskii vestnik, 1909, 11, 595 - 607. 41 See OR, 331 59 46: Anna Suvorina's letters to Anton, 1887-1901. 42 At Obock Ashinov was joined by Father Paisi, who had once dug Mitrofan Chekhov's cellar, and Dr Tsvetaev, whom Chekhov had met at Voskresensk. When the French fired on the Cossacks, some of the invaders crossed the Danikil desert to serve the Negus of Abyssinia. 43 See OR, 331 82 16: Kolia's postcard to Evgenia. 44 See OR, 331 82 25: Kolia's letter to an unidentified Aleksandr Viktorovich (May? 1889). 45 See OR, 331 32 15: this passage is cut from Pis'ma, 1939. 46 See OR, 331 82 25: Kolia's letter to an unidentified Aleksandr Viktorovich (May? 1889). 47 See RGALI, 459 1 4617: Aleksandr Chekhov's letters to A. S. Suvorin, 1888-96. 48 See OR, 331 31 1: Aleksandr's letters to Pavel Chekhov, 1874-96. 49 See RGALI, 2540 1 43: Misha's letters to his parents, 1888-1901. 50 See OR, 331 31 1: Aleksandr's letters to Pavel Chekhov, 1874-äá. Another mourner held her grief back: in 1953 Tatiana Ivchenko aged 103, dying in Kharkov, insisted on being buried next to Kolia Chekhov.
NO"
She had brought Kolia milk in his last weeks of life. 51 See OR, 331 63 25b: Franz Schechtel's letters to Anton, 1887952 See RGALI, 189 1 19: Lazarev-Gruzinsky's letters to Nikolai Ezhov, 1884-91: 24 June
1889.
53 See OR, 331 81 21: Pavel Chekhov's letters to Anton, 1886-96. 54 Kleopatra Karatygina had acquired by marriage the Karatygin surname which had a generation before belonged to one of the finest actors in the Russian theatre. See LN68, 575-86: Karatygina, Vospominaniia 0 Chekhove. 55 See Pis'ma russkikh pisatelei k Suvorinu, Leningrad, 1927, 38 (misdated 1897). 56 See OR, 331 81 32: written on the back of Pavel Chekhov's letter to Anna Ipatieva-Golden. 57 See OR, 331 58 27V: P. Svobodin's letters to Anton, 1889; pardy in Zapiski OR, 16, 1954. 58 See OR, 331 50 izh: Leikin's letters to Anton, 1889: 26 Aug. 1889. 59 The story eventually had an echo in the Chekhovs' life: in 1917 Anton's nephew Volodia shot himself. 60 Professor Storozhenko avenged the insult in 1899: as theatre censor, he blocked Uncle Vania. PART iv Annies de Pelerinage 1 See OR, 331 47 13a: K. A. Karatygina's letters to Anton Chekhov, 1889. 2 See OR, 331 63 3a: E. K. Shavrova's letters to Anton Chekhov, 1889. 3 See RGALI, 189 1 19: A. Lazarev-Gruzinsky's letters to Ezhov, 1884-91: 21 Oct. 1889. 4 See OR, 331 59 46: Anna Suvorina's letters to Anton: 12 Nov. 1889.
6l
ANION CHEXHOV
letters to Pavel Chekhov, 1875-90. 20 See RGALI, 2540 1 160: Evgenia's letters to Ivan, 1888-1905. 21 See OR, 331 31 1: the letter to Masha 8 Oct. 1890 is filed with Aleksandr's letters to his parents. 22 See RGALI, 2540 1 483: Masha's letters to Mikhail Chekhov, 1884-1904: 15 Oct. 1890. A year later Suvorin offered Vania a career in his Moscow bookshop, see RGALI, 2540 1 143. 23 See LN68, 496. 24 See N. M. Ezhov, A. P. Chekhov in Istoricheskii veslnik 1909, 11, 595-607. 25 See RGALI, 2540 1 158: Pavel's letters to Ivan, 1879-98: 29 Nov. 1890. 26 See Vokrug Chekhova, 278-80; OR, 331 83 25: Misha's Chekhov i mangusy. 2 7 May die gods serve you, die nymphs love you and the doctors not treat you. Yours A. See OR, 331 59 7 ib: A. A. Suvorin's letters to Anton, 1889-92. 28 See OR, 331 43 nb: N. Ezhov's letters to Anton, 1890-1: 20 Oct. 1890. 29 See OR, 331 46 ia: Ivanenko's letters to Anton, 1889-91. 30 See LN68, 479-92: Leontiev-Shcheglov's diary. 31 See OR, 331 52 46: Daria Musina-Pushkina's letters to Anton, 1891, 1896-8. 32 See OR, 331 63 4a: Elena Shavrova's letters to Anton, 1889-91: 14 Jan. 1891. 33 See OR, 331 52 2a: Lib Mizinova's letters to Anton, 1891-2; in Perepiska 1984, II, 16-59. 34 See Novoe vremia, No. 1017, 4 July 1904. 35 See RGALI, 2540 1 158: Pavel's letters to Ivan, 1879-98: 7 Apr. 1891.
612
36 Hoth Misha and Masha in their memoirs imply that the palmcat was given to Moscow Zoo; the Zoo's records do not mention it. 37 See OR, 331 81 8: Pavel's notebooks, 1880-97. 38 See RGALI, 2540 1 158: Pavel's letters to Ivan, 1879-98: 3 May 1891. 39 Grillparzer's play Sappho was performed in Moscow that year; the nicknames were topical. 40 See Chaleeva's memoirs (in Soligalich local museum), quoted in A. V. Kandidov, A. P. Chekhov v Bogimove, Kaluga, 1991, 32. 41 See OR, 331 36 38: Bezdetnov's letter to Anton Chekhov. 42 Cut in PSSP: see A. P. Chudakov, ' "Neprilichnye slova" i oblik klassika' in Literaturnoe Obozrenie, 1991, 11, 54. 43 See OR, 331 52 2a: Lika Mizinova's letters to Anton, 1891-2; in Perepiska, 1984, II, 16-59. 44 See Sazonova's diary, 15 Mar. 1895, LN87, 307. 45 See OR, 331 81 83: Fenichka Dolzhenko's letter to Evgenia, 9 July 1891. 46 Quoted by Aleksandr in Pis'ma, 1939, 246. Anton used Pavel's prayer in 'The Duel'. 47 See OR, 331 46 33: Anna Ipatieva-Golden's letter to Anton, 25 Sept. 1891. 48 See OR, 331 81 25: Pavel's letters to Mitrofan and Liudmila, 1876-93: 27 Oct. 1891. 49 See OR, 331 63 4a: Elena Shavrova's letters to Anton, 1889-91: 17 Nov. 1891. 50 See MXaT, (Sanin) 5323/ 1933-73: L. S. Mizinova's letters to Sofia Ioganson, 1877-99. 51 See OR, 331 46 ia: Ivanenko's letters to Anton, 1889-91. 52 See OR, 331 49 12b: