NOTES
Introduction
"Siamese city": The term is employed by Peter Schneider in his seminal novel of divided Berlin, The Wall Jumper (New York, 1983), 5.
"abuse of power": "‘Parvenu Polis’ and ‘Human Workshop’: Reflections on the History of the City of Berlin," German History 6:3 (December 1988), 242.
"born in Berlin": Quoted in Jules Huret, Berlin um Neunzehnhundert, translated by Nina Knoblich (Berlin, 1987 [1909]), 13.
"months in Berlin": Ibid., 14.
from the Hanseatic League: "700 und 50 Jahre Berlin. Zur Geschichte einer deutschen Metropole," in Thomas Ludwig, ed., Berlin. Geschichte einer deutschen Metropole (Munich, 1986), 277.
"first duty": Ibid., 278.
"king has betrayed us!": Quoted in Günter Richter, "Zwischen Revolution und Reichsgründung," in Wolfgang Ribbe, ed., Geschichte Berlin’s. Zweiter Band. Von der Märzrevolution bis zur Gegenwart (Munich, 1987), 615.
"air of the world city": Alberti quoted in Gordon A. Craig, The Germans (New York, 1982), 274.
lack of historical memory: Laurenz Demps, "Von der preussischen Residenzstadt zur hauptstädtischen Metropole," in Werner Süß and Ralf Rytlewski, eds., Berlin. Die Hauptstadt. Vergangenheit und Zukunft einer europäischen Metropole (Berlin, 1999), 17.
"merciless progress": Arthur Eloesser, Die Strasse meiner Jugend (Berlin, 1987 [1907]), 7.
"dreams of the Twenties ": Quoted in Wolf von Eckardt and Sander L. Gilman, Bertolt Brecht’s Berlin. A Scrapbook of the Twenties (Lincoln, Neb., and London, 1993), xi.
Chapter 1
"a Weltstadt”: Lord Frederick Hamilton, My Yesterdays (Garden City, N.Y., 1930), 13.
"your own devices": Quoted in "Die Mauer in den Herzen," Die Zeit, Jan. 31, 1992.
"for a patriotic heart": Rudolf Vierhaus, ed., Das Tagebuch der Baronin Spitzemberg (Göttingen, 1960), 127.
"turmoil so calmly": Quoted in Ruth Glatzer, ed., Berlin wird Kaiserstadt. Panorama einer Metropole (Berlin, 1993), 32.
"never forget this day": Quoted in Hannah Pakula, An Uncommon Woman. The Empress Frederick (New York, 1995), 290.
"thrice as wide as Broadway"; "has ever seen": Quoted in ibid., 289–290.
"view of the Pariser Platz"; "was truly astounding": Glatzer, Berlin wird Kaiserstadt, 28, 31
domination of national life: Reiner Pommerin, Von Berlin nach Bonn. Die Allüerten, die Deutschen und die Hauptstadtfrage nach 1945 (Cologne/Vienna, 1989), 4–5.
"this old Prussian lady": Ludovica Hesekiel, Von Brandenburg zu Bismarck. Roman aus der Gegenwart, 2 vols. (Berlin, 1873), II, 260. Quoted in Katherine Roper, German Encounters with Modernity: Novels of Imperial Berlin (Atlantic Highlands, N.J., 1991), 44.
"the same as unhappiness": Theodor Fontane, Briefe in zwei Bänden, 2 vols. (Munich, 1981), II, 130.
matters of the souclass="underline" See Klaus Bergmann, Agrarromantik und Grossstadtfeindlichkeit (Meisenheim am Glan, 1970).
"metropolis of the German spirit": Quoted in Fritz Stern, Gold and Iron. Bismarck, Bleichröder, and the Building of the German Empire (New York, 1979), 500.
"stink of civilization": Quoted in Otto Pflanze, Bismarck and the Development of Germany. Volume II, The Period of Consolidation 1871–1880 (Princeton, 1990), 35.
"charming though you are": Ibid., 289.
"industrially and politically": Quoted in Walter Nelson, The Berliners. Their Saga and Their City (New York, 1969), 79.
"travel to meetings": Quoted in Bernd Sösemann, "Exerzierfeld und Labor deutscher Geschichte. Berlin im Wandel der deutschen und europäischen Politik zwischen 1848 und 1933," in Werner SüB and Ralf Rytlewski, eds., Berlin. Die Hauptstadt. Vergangenheit und Zukunft einer europäischen Metropole (Berlin, 1999), 107.
"other part of his body": Quoted in Glatzer, Berlin wird Kaiserstadt, 54.
"unhoused guests": Pommerin, Von Berlin nach Bonn, 7.
on the Wilhelmplatz: For a discussion of government buildings on the Wilhelmstrasse, see Laurenz Demps, Berlin-Wilhelmstrasse. Eine Topographie preussisch-deutscher Macht (Berlin, 1994), 125–164.
"never managing to be": Karl Scheffler, Berlin—Ein Stadtschicksal (Berlin, 1910), 219.
Brandenburg, East Prussia, and Silesia: Hans O. Modrow, Berlin 1900 (Berlin, 1936), 106; Paul Goldschmidt, Berlin in Geschichte und Gegenwart (Berlin, 1910), 383–384. See also Hsi-huey Liang, "Lower-Class Immigrants in Wilhelmine Berlin," Central European History 3 (March–June, 1970), 94–111.
irreverence and caustic wit: Paul Mendes-Flohr, "The Berlin Jew as Cosmopolitan," in Emily D. Bilski, ed., Berlin Metropolis: Jews and the New Culture, 1890–1918. Exhibition Catalog (Berkeley, 1999), 15–31; Peter Gay, "Encounter with Modernism. German Jews in Wilhelmian Culture," in Peter Gay, Freud, Jews and Other Germans (New York, 1978), 93–164.
"Berlin-Jewish symbiosis": See especially Peter Gay, "The Berlin-Jewish Spirit. A Dogma and Some Doubts," in Gay, Freud, Jews, 169–188. See also W. Michael Blumenthal, The Invisible Wall (Washington, D.C., 1998).
were not modernists: See Gay, "The Berlin-Jewish Spirit"; and Peter Paret, "Modernism and the ‘Alien Element’ in German Art," in Bilski, ed., Berlin Metropolis, 34.
limits on height: On the attempts to control Berlin’s growth in the 1860s, see Brian Ladd, Urban Planning and Civic Order in Germany (Cambridge, Mass., 1990), 80–83.
east of the old city: The classic study on the Mietskasernen is Werner Hegemann, Das steinerne Berlin (Berlin, 1930). See also Albert Stidekum, Grossstädtisches Wohnungselend (Berlin, 1908); and the photographic volume, Gesine Asmus, ed., Hinterhof Keller und Mansarde: Einblicke in Berliner Wohnungselend 1901–1920 (Reinbek bei Hamburg, 1982).
"every nook and cranny": Quoted in Gisela Heller, Unterwegs mit Fontane in Berlin und der Mark Brandenburg (Berlin, 1993), 31.
"mind and will"; "boxes for habitation": Glatzer, Berlin wird Kaiserstadt, 76, 80.
"the civilized world": Peter de Mendelssohn, Zeitungsstadt Berlin (Berlin, 1959), 69.