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con|trar|ian /kəntreə riən/ (contrarians ) N‑COUNT [oft N n] A contrarian is a person who deliberately behaves in a way that is different from the people around them. [FORMAL ] □  He is by nature a contrarian. □  …the young contrarian intellectual.

con|tra|ry /kɒ ntrəri, [AM ] -treri/

1 ADJ Ideas, attitudes, or reactions that are contrary to each other are completely different from each other. □ [+ to ] This view is contrary to the aims of critical social research for a number of reasons. □  Several of those present, including Weinberger, had contrary information.

2 PHRASE If you say that something is true contrary to other people's beliefs or opinions, you are emphasizing that it is true and that they are wrong. [EMPHASIS ] □  Contrary to popular belief, moderate exercise actually decreases your appetite.

3 PHRASE You use on the contrary when you have just said or implied that something is not true and are going to say that the opposite is true. □  It is not an idea around which the Community can unite. On the contrary, I see it as one that will divide us.

4 PHRASE You can use on the contrary when you are disagreeing strongly with something that has just been said or implied, or are making a strong negative reply. [EMPHASIS ] □  'People just don't do things like that.'—'On the contrary, they do them all the time.'

5 PHRASE You can use quite the contrary to emphasize a previous negative statement, or when you are making a strong negative reply. [EMPHASIS ] □  I'm not a feminist, quite the contrary.

6 PHRASE When a particular idea is being considered, evidence or statements to the contrary suggest that this idea is not true or that the opposite is true. □  He stuck to his assumption despite growing evidence to the contrary. USAGE contrary

Don’t say ‘on the contrary’ when you are going to mention something that gives a different opinion from something you have just said. Don’t say, for example, ‘ I don’t like living in the centre of the town. On the contrary, it’s useful when you want to buy something '. Say ‘I don’t like living in the centre of the town. On the other hand , it’s useful when you want to buy something’. □  It’s a difficult job. But, on the other hand , the salary is good.

con|trast ◆◇◇ (contrasts , contrasting , contrasted ) The noun is pronounced /kɒ ntrɑːst, -træst/. The verb is pronounced /kəntrɑː st, -træ st/. 1 N‑VAR A contrast is a great difference between two or more things which is clear when you compare them. □ [+ between ] …the contrast between town and country. □  The two visitors provided a startling contrast in appearance. □  Silk was used with wool for contrast.

2 PHRASE You say by contrast or in contrast , or in contrast to something, to show that you are mentioning a very different situation from the one you have just mentioned. □  The private sector, by contrast, has plenty of money to spend. □  In contrast, the lives of girls in well-to-do families were often very sheltered. □  In contrast to similar services in France and Germany, Intercity rolling stock is very rarely idle.

3 PHRASE If one thing is in contrast to another, it is very different from it. □  His public statements have always been in marked contrast to those of his son.

4 N‑COUNT If one thing is a contrast to another, it is very different from it. □ [+ to ] The boy's room is a complete contrast to the guest room. □  …a country of great contrasts.

5 VERB If you contrast one thing with another, you point out or consider the differences between those things. □ [V n + with ] She contrasted the situation then with the present crisis. □ [V n] In this section we contrast four possible broad approaches.

6 VERB If one thing contrasts with another, it is very different from it. □ [V + with ] Johnson's easy charm contrasted sharply with the prickliness of his boss. □ [V -ing] Paint the wall in a contrasting colour. [Also V ]

7 N‑UNCOUNT Contrast is the degree of difference between the darker and lighter parts of a photograph, television picture, or painting. COLLOCATIONS contrast NOUN

1

adjective + contrast : marked, sharp, stark, startling; dynamic

verb + contrast : offer, provide, show

4

adjective + contrast : complete, total; interesting, refreshing VERB 6

contrast + adverb : markedly, sharply, starkly, strikingly; unfavourably SYNONYMS contrast NOUN 1

difference: …the vast difference in size.

disparity: …the great disparity of wealth between rich and poor countries. VERB 5

differentiate: A child may not differentiate between his imagination and the real world.

distinguish: It is necessary to distinguish the policies of two successive governments.

contra|vene /kɒ ntrəviː n/ (contravenes , contravening , contravened ) VERB To contravene a law or rule means to do something that is forbidden by the law or rule. [FORMAL ] □ [V n] The Board has banned the film on the grounds that it contravenes criminal libel laws. ●  contra|ven|tion /kɒ ntrəve nʃ ə n/ (contraventions ) N‑VAR [oft in N of n] □ [+ of ] The government has lent millions of pounds to banks in contravention of the laws.

con|tre|temps /kɒ ntrətɒm/ (contretemps ) N‑COUNT [usu sing] A contretemps is a small disagreement that is rather embarrassing. [LITERARY ] □ [+ with ] He was briefly arrested in Rome after a contretemps with Italian police.