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al|co|hol|ic /æ lkəhɒ l I k, [AM ] -hɔː l-/ (alcoholics )

1 N‑COUNT An alcoholic is someone who cannot stop drinking large amounts of alcohol, even when this is making them ill. □  He showed great courage by admitting that he is an alcoholic.

2 ADJ Alcoholic drinks are drinks that contain alcohol. □  …the serving of alcoholic drinks.

al|co|hol|ism /æ lkəhɒl I zəm/ N‑UNCOUNT People who suffer from alcoholism cannot stop drinking large quantities of alcohol. □  …the problems of alcoholism.

al|cove /æ lkoʊv/ (alcoves ) N‑COUNT An alcove is a small area of a room which is formed by one part of a wall being built further back than the rest of the wall. □  In the alcoves on either side of the fire were bookshelves.

al den|te /æl de nte I / ADJ [usu v-link ADJ ] If you cook pasta or a vegetable until it is al dente , you cook it just long enough so that it is neither hard nor soft but is firm and slightly chewy.

al|der /ɔː ldə r / (alders ) N‑VAR An alder is a species of tree or shrub that grows especially in cool, damp places and loses its leaves in winter. ● N‑UNCOUNT Alder is the wood from this tree.

al|der|man /ɔː ldə r mən/ (aldermen )

1 N‑COUNT ; N‑TITLE In some parts of the United States and Canada, an alderman is a member of the governing body of a city.

2 N‑COUNT ; N‑TITLE Until 1974 in England and Wales, an alderman was a senior member of a local council who was elected by other councillors.

ale /e I l/ (ales )

1 N‑VAR Ale is a kind of strong beer. □  …our selection of ales and spirits.

2 → see also ginger ale , real ale

alec /æ l I k/ (alecs ) → see smart alec

aleck /æ l I k/ (alecks ) → see smart alec

alert ◆◇◇ /əlɜː r t/ (alerts , alerting , alerted )

1 ADJ If you are alert , you are paying full attention to things around you and are able to deal with anything that might happen. □  We all have to stay alert. □  He had been spotted by an alert neighbour. ●  alert|ness N‑UNCOUNT □  The drug improved mental alertness.

2 ADJ If you are alert to something, you are fully aware of it. □ [+ to ] The bank is alert to the danger.

3 N‑COUNT An alert is a situation in which people prepare themselves for something dangerous that might happen soon. □  Due to a security alert, this train will not be stopping at Oxford Circus.

4 VERB If you alert someone to a situation, especially a dangerous or unpleasant situation, you tell them about it. □ [V n + to ] He wanted to alert people to the activities of the group. □ [V n] I was hoping he'd alert the police.

5 → see also red alert

6 PHRASE If soldiers or police are on alert , they are ready to deal with anything that may happen. □  Soldiers and police have been put on alert.

7 PHRASE If you are on the alert for something, you are ready to deal with it if it happens. □  They want to be on the alert for similar buying opportunities.

A lev|el /e I lev ə l/ (A levels ) N‑VAR A levels are British educational qualifications which school children take when they are seventeen or eighteen years old. People usually need A levels if they want to go to university in Britain. □  He left school with four A levels.

al|fal|fa /ælfæ lfə/ N‑UNCOUNT Alfalfa is a plant that is used for feeding farm animals. The shoots that develop from its seeds are sometimes eaten as a vegetable.

al|fres|co /ælfre skoʊ/ also al fresco ADJ [ADJ n] An alfresco activity, especially a meal, is one that takes place in the open air. □  … an al fresco breakfast of fresh fruit. ● ADV [ADV after v] Alfresco is also an adverb. □  He came across the man shaving alfresco.

al|gae /æ ldʒi, æ lga I / N‑UNCOUNT [with sing or pl verb] Algae is a type of plant with no stems or leaves that grows in water or on damp surfaces.

al|gal /æ lgəl/ ADJ [ADJ n] Algal means relating to algae. □  Sewage nutrients do increase algal growth in the harbour.

al|ge|bra /æ ldʒ I brə/ N‑UNCOUNT Algebra is a type of mathematics in which letters are used to represent possible quantities. WORD HISTORY algebra

The term al-jabr is taken from the title of a ninth-century Arabic book on mathematics. In Arabic, al-jabr means 'reunion' or 'integration'. When the book was later translated into Latin, al-jabr became algebra .

al|ge|bra|ic /æ ldʒ I bre I I k/ ADJ [ADJ n] Algebraic equations, expressions, and principles are based on or use algebra.

Al|ge|rian /æ ldʒ I ə riən/ (Algerians )

1 ADJ Algerian means belonging or relating to Algeria, or its people or culture. □  …the Algerian desert. □  …a young Algerian actor.

2 N‑COUNT An Algerian is an Algerian citizen or a person of Algerian origin.

al|go|rithm /æ lgər I ðəm/ (algorithms ) N‑COUNT An algorithm is a series of mathematical steps, especially in a computer program, which will give you the answer to a particular kind of problem or question.

alia /e I liə/ → see inter alia

ali|as /e I liəs/ (aliases )

1 N‑COUNT An alias is a false name, especially one used by a criminal. □  Using an alias, he had rented a house in Fleet, Hampshire.

2 PREP You use alias when you are mentioning another name that someone, especially a criminal or an actor, is known by. □  …the defendant Pericles Pericleous, alias Peter Smith.