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ef|fete / I fiː t/ ADJ If you describe someone as effete , you are criticizing them for being weak and powerless. [FORMAL , DISAPPROVAL ] □  …the charming but effete Russian gentry of the 1840s and 1850s.

ef|fi|ca|cious /e f I ke I ʃəs/ ADJ Something that is efficacious is effective. [FORMAL ] □  The nasal spray was new on the market and highly efficacious.

ef|fi|ca|cy /e f I kəsi/ N‑UNCOUNT [usu with poss] If you talk about the efficacy of something, you are talking about its effectiveness and its ability to do what it is supposed to. [FORMAL ] □  Recent medical studies confirm the efficacy of a healthier lifestyle.

ef|fi|cien|cy / I f I ʃ ə nsi/ (efficiencies )

1 N‑UNCOUNT Efficiency is the quality of being able to do a task successfully, without wasting time or energy. □  There are many ways to increase agricultural efficiency in the poorer areas of the world. □  …energy efficiency.

2 N‑UNCOUNT In physics and engineering, efficiency is the ratio between the amount of energy a machine needs to make it work, and the amount it produces. [TECHNICAL ]

ef|fi|cient ◆◇◇ / I f I ʃ ə nt/ ADJ If something or someone is efficient , they are able to do tasks successfully, without wasting time or energy. □  With today's more efficient contraception women can plan their families and careers. ●  ef|fi|cient|ly ADV □  I work very efficiently and am decisive, and accurate in my judgement.

ef|fi|gy /e f I dʒi/ (effigies )

1 N‑COUNT An effigy is a quickly and roughly made figure, often ugly or amusing, that represents someone you hate or feel contempt for.

2 N‑COUNT An effigy is a statue or carving of a famous person. [FORMAL ]

eff|ing /e f I ŋ/ ADJ [ADJ n] Some people use effing to emphasize a word or phrase, especially when they are feeling angry or annoyed. [BRIT , RUDE , EMPHASIS ]

ef|flu|ent /e fluənt/ (effluents ) N‑VAR Effluent is liquid waste material that comes out of factories or sewage works. [FORMAL ] □  The effluent from the factory was dumped into the river.

ef|fort ◆◆◆ /e fə r t/ (efforts )

1 N‑VAR [oft N to-inf] If you make an effort to do something, you try very hard to do it. □  He made no effort to hide his disappointment. □  Finding a cure requires considerable time and effort. □  …his efforts to reform Italian research. □ [+ of ] Despite the efforts of the United Nations, the problem of drug traffic continues to grow. □  But a concerted effort has begun to improve the quality of the urban air.

2 N‑UNCOUNT [usu with N , oft a N ] If you say that someone did something with effort or with an effort , you mean it was difficult for them to do. [WRITTEN ] □  She took a deep breath and sat up slowly and with great effort. □  With an effort she contained her irritation.

3 N‑COUNT An effort is a particular series of activities that is organized by a group of people in order to achieve something. □  …a famine relief effort in Angola.

4 N‑SING If you say that something is an effort , you mean that an unusual amount of physical or mental energy is needed to do it. □  He's very stooped and it's an effort to lift his head.

5 PHRASE If you make the effort to do something, you do it, even though you need extra energy to do it or you do not really want to. □  I don't get lonely now because I make the effort to see people. COLLOCATIONS effort NOUN

1

adjective + effort : determined, last-ditch, worthwhile; solo, team

verb + effort : make, renew, require; praise, recognize; block, hamper

3

noun + effort : conservation, recovery, relief, rescue; peace, war

ef|fort|less /e fə r tləs/

1 ADJ [usu ADJ n] Something that is effortless is done easily and well. □  In a single effortless motion, he scooped Frannie into his arms. ●  ef|fort|less|ly ADV [ADV after v] □  Her son Peter adapted effortlessly to his new surroundings.

2 ADJ [usu ADJ n] You use effortless to describe a quality that someone has naturally and does not have to learn. □  She liked him above all for his effortless charm.

ef|fron|tery / I frʌ ntəri/ N‑UNCOUNT Effrontery is behaviour that is bold, rude, or disrespectful. [FORMAL , DISAPPROVAL ] □ [+ of ] One could only gasp at the sheer effrontery of the man.

ef|fu|sion / I fjuː ʒ ə n/ (effusions ) N‑VAR If someone expresses their emotions or ideas with effusion , they express them with more enthusiasm and for longer than is usual or expected. □  I did not embarrass her with my effusions.

ef|fu|sive / I fjuː s I v/ ADJ If you describe someone as effusive , you mean that they express pleasure, gratitude, or approval in a very enthusiastic way. □  He was effusive in his praise for the general. ●  ef|fu|sive|ly ADV □  She greeted them effusively.

e-fit /iː f I t/ (e-fits ) also E-fit N‑COUNT An e-fit is a computer-generated picture of someone who is suspected of a crime. Compare identikit , Photofit . □  Police have released an E-fit picture of the suspected gunman.

EFL /iː ef e l/ N‑UNCOUNT [oft N n] EFL is the teaching of English to people whose first language is not English. EFL is an abbreviation for 'English as a Foreign Language'. □  …an EFL teacher.

e.g. /iː dʒiː / e.g. is an abbreviation that means 'for example'. It is used before a noun, or to introduce another sentence. □  We need helpers of all types, engineers, scientists (e.g. geologists) and teachers.