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She comforted the bereaved relatives in a dignified, compassionate and personalized manner.

At these extreme velocities, materials behave in a totally different manner from normal.

adverbs not related to adjectives

6.29    Some adverbs are not related to adjectives at all. This is especially true of adverbs of time and place. See Chapter 4 for adverbs of time, and the section beginning at paragraph 6.53 for adverbs of place.

It will soon be Christmas.

There are also some other adverbs that are not related to adjectives.

For a list of the common adverbs that are not related to adjectives, see the Reference Section.

Comparative and superlative adverbs

6.30    You may want to say how something happens or is done in relation to how it happens on a different occasion, or how it was done by someone or something else. You can do this by using adverbs in the comparative or superlative.

He began to speak more quickly.

This form of treatment is most commonly used in younger patients.

Most adverbs of manner (see paragraph 6.36) have comparatives and superlatives.

A few other adverbs also have comparatives and superlatives: some adverbs of time (early and late, see paragraph 4.71), frequency (often and frequently, see paragraph 4.114), duration (briefly, permanently, and long, see paragraph 4.123), and place (near, close, deep, high, far, and low, see paragraphs 6.88 and 6.60).

6.31    The forms and uses of comparative and superlative adverbs are generally similar to those of adjectives. For more information about comparatives and superlatives of adjectives, see paragraphs 2.103 to 2.122.

However, unlike adjectives, the comparative of an adverb is usually formed with more and the superlative with most, and not by adding -er and -est.

The people needed business skills so that they could manage themselves more effectively.

…the text that Professor Williams’s work most closely resembles.

Valium is most often prescribed as an anti-anxiety drug.

irregular forms

6.32    Some very common adverbs have comparatives and superlatives that are single words and not formed using more and most. Note that adverbs that have irregular comparatives also have irregular superlatives.

Well has the comparative better and the superlative best.

She would ask him later, when she knew him better.

I have to find out what I can do best.

Badly has the comparative worse and the superlative worst.

‘I don’t think the crowd helped her,’ Gordon admitted. ‘She played worse.’

The expedition from Mozambique fared worst.

Note that worse and worst are also the comparative and superlative of ill when it is an adverb or adjective.

6.33    Adverbs that have the same form as adjectives also have the same comparatives and superlatives as the adjectives. For example, fast has faster and fastest, and hard has harder and hardest. For a list of common adverbs that have the same form as adjectives, see paragraph 6.24.

They worked harder, they were more honest.

The winning blow is the one that strikes hardest.

This would enable claims to be dealt with faster.

This type of sugar dissolves fastest.

6.34    Some adverbs have comparatives and superlatives with more and most, but also have single-word comparatives and superlatives.

They can be built more quickly.

You probably learn quicker by having lessons.

Those women treated quickest were those most likely to die.

The American computer firm will be relying more heavily on its new Scottish plant.

It seems that the rights of soldiers weigh heavier than the rights of those killed.

The burden fell most heavily on Kanhai.

Illiteracy weighs heaviest on the groups who are already disadvantaged in other ways.

USAGE NOTE

6.35    The structures involving comparatives and superlatives are generally the same for adverbs as for adjectives:

the use of no and any with comparatives: see paragraph 2.163

He began to behave more and more erratically.

Omoro didn’t want to express it any more strongly.

the optional use of the with superlatives: see paragraph 2.117

His shoulders hurt the worst.

Old people work hardest.

the use of words like much or a little with comparatives and superlatives: see the section beginning at paragraph 2.157

The situation resolved itself much more easily than I had expected.

There the process progresses even more rapidly.

the use of than after comparatives: see paragraph 2.106

This class continues to grow more rapidly than any other group.

Prices have been rising faster than incomes.

You might know this better than me.

repeating comparatives to show changes in extent: see paragraph 2.161

He began to behave more and more erratically.

Adverbs of manner

adverbs of manner

6.36    You often want to say something about the way something is done or about the circumstances of an event or situation. The most common way of doing this is by using adverbs of manner. Adverbs of manner give more information about the way in which an event or action takes place.

He nodded and smiled warmly.