For full details, see the report below.
The figures can be seen in the table below.
Below can occasionally be used to refer forward with nouns that refer to actions and things. When it is used with them, it comes after a word like given, shown, or set out.
The report given below appeared in the Daily Mail on 8 August 1985.
such
10.46 Such is sometimes used as a predeterminer to refer to a kind of thing that is specified immediately afterwards in a phrase or clause beginning with as.
You might think that in such a book as this, there is no need to deal with these matters.
Such is also sometimes used to qualify a noun, followed by a specifying phrase or clause beginning with as.
…a general rise in prices such as occurred in the late 1960s.
Try putting the items under headings such as I’ve suggested.
other ways
10.47 There are also other ways of referring forward to things that also involve focusing on the thing referred to. These involve split sentences, which are explained in paragraphs 9.25 to 9.30 and sentences beginning with there, which are explained in paragraphs 9.46 to 9.55.
Showing connections between sentences
10.48 The following section explains the functions of different groups of linking expressions, or sentence connectors. Sentence connectors are used to show what sort of connection there is between one sentence and another.
indicating an addition
10.49 In the course of speaking or writing, you can introduce a related comment or an extra reinforcing piece of information using one of the following adverbials:
also
as well
at the same time
besides
furthermore
moreover
on top of that
too
I cannot apologize for his comments. Besides, I agree with them.
Moreover, new reserves continue to be discovered.
His first book was published in 1932, and it was followed by a series of novels. He also wrote a book on British pubs.
The demands of work can cause gaps in regular attendance. On top of that, many students are offered no extra lessons during the vacations.
Note that too is not usually placed at the beginning of a sentence.
He was hard-working, and honest, too.
indicating a similar point
10.50 You can show that you are adding a fact that illustrates the same point as the one you have just made, or a suggestion that has the same basis, by using one of the following adverbials:
again
by the same token
equally
in the same way
likewise
similarly
Every baby’s face is different from every other’s. In the same way, every baby’s pattern of development is different.
Being a good player doesn’t guarantee you will be a good manager, but, by the same token, neither does having all the coaching badges.
Never feed your rabbit raw potatoes that have gone green–they contain a poison. Similarly, never feed it rhubarb leaves.
contrasts and alternatives
10.51 When you want to add a sentence that contrasts with the previous one or gives another point of view, you can use one of the following adverbials:
all the same
alternatively
by contrast
conversely
even so
however
instead
nevertheless
nonetheless
on the contrary
on the other hand
rather
still
then again
though
yet
He had forgotten that there was a rainy season in the winter months. It was, however, a fine, soft rain and the air was warm.
Her aim is to punish the criminal. Nevertheless, she is not convinced that imprisonment is always the answer.
Her children are hard work. She never loses her temper with them though.
If you are mentioning an alternative, you can use instead, alternatively, or conversely.
People who normally consulted her began to ask other people’s advice instead.
The company is now considering an appeal. Alternatively, they may submit a new application.
causes
10.52 When you want to say that the fact you are mentioning exists because of the fact or facts previously given, you link your statements using one of the following adverbs:
accordingly
as a result
consequently
hence
so
thereby
therefore
thus
Oxford and Cambridge have a large income of their own. So they are not in quite the same position as other universities.
It isn’t giving any detailed information. Therefore it isn’t necessary.
We want a diverse press and we haven’t got it. I think as a result a lot of options are closed to us.
showing sequence in time
10.53 Some time adverbials are used to indicate that something takes place after or before an event that you have already mentioned or at the same time as that event:
afterwards
at the same time
beforehand
earlier
ever since
finally
first
in the meantime
last
later
meanwhile
next
presently
previously
simultaneously
since
soon
soon after
subsequently
suddenly
then
throughout
Go and see Terry Brown about it. Come back to me afterwards.
Published in 1983, the book has since gone through six reprints.
Never set out on a journey without telling someone beforehand.
We look forward to the Commission studying this agreement. In the meantime we are pressing ahead with our plans.
putting points in order
10.54 In formal writing and speech, people often want to say what stage they have reached in writing or speaking. They do this using the following sentence connectors:
first
firstly
second
secondly
third
thirdly
finally
in conclusion
lastly
then
to sum up
What are the advantages of geothermal energy? Firstly, there’s no fuel required, the energy already exists. Secondly, there’s plenty of it.
Finally, I want to say something about the heat pump.
conjunctions
10.55 When people are speaking or writing informally, they often add an extra piece of information using one of the conjunctions and, but, yet, or, and nor to begin a new sentence.