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It won’t take me a moment to clear away.

I’ll help you clear away the dishes.

3.96    Here is a list of phrasal verbs that have only one meaning but that can be used with or without an object:

answer back

breathe in

breathe out

call back

clear away

clear up

cover up

drink up

help out

open up

take over

tidy away

wash up

ergative phrasal verbs

3.97    Just as with ordinary verbs, some phrasal verbs are ergative verbs; that is, you can use the object of the transitive verb as the subject of the intransitive verb.

The guerrillas blew up the restaurant.

The gasworks blew up.

I won’t wake him up just yet.

He woke up in the middle of the night.

See paragraphs 3.59 to 3.67 for information about ergative verbs.

3.98    Here is a list of ergative phrasal verbs:

back up

block up

blow up

book in

break off

break up

buck up

build up

burn up

check in

check out

cheer up

close down

dry up

get off

heat up

hurry up

line up

move on

open up

peel off

pull through

rub off

shut up

sign up

slow down

spread out

start off

thaw out

wake up

warm up

wear down

wear out

3.99    In the case of some ergative phrasal verbs, the second word can be a preposition if the other thing involved needs to be mentioned, or can be an adverb if the other thing involved is clear from the context.

…leaves that had been blown off the trees.

My hat blew off.

3.100  Here is a list of ergative phrasal verbs whose second word can be a preposition or an adverb:

blow off

chip off

get down

get through

get up

move down

move up

peel off

poke through

stick in

stick on

position of the object

3.101  When you are using a phrasal verb with an object that is a short noun phrase, you usually have a choice as to where you put the object. It can be placed either after the second word of the phrasal verb or after the first word and before the second word.

He filled up his car with petrol.

She filled my glass up.

He handed over the box.

Mrs Kaul handed the flowers over to Judy.

3.102  However, when the object consists of a long noun phrase, it is more likely to come after the second word of the phrasal verb, so that the two parts of the phrasal verb are not separated too widely. In this way, attention is focused on the information contained in the noun phrase, rather than on the second word of the phrasal verb.

Police have been told to turn back all refugees who try to cross the border.

when the object is a pronoun

3.103  When the object is a pronoun such as me, her, or it, it usually comes before the second word of the phrasal verb. This is because it is not new information, and so it is not put in a position of prominence at the end of the clause.

I waited until he had filled it up.

He tied her up and bundled her into the car.

when the object is an abstract noun

3.104  If the object of a phrasal verb is an abstract noun such as hope, confidence, or support, it usually comes after the second word of the phrasal verb. So, although you can say He built his business up, you usually say We are trying to build up trust with the residents. Similarly, although you can say He put my parents up for the night, you normally say The peasants are putting up a lot of resistance.

The newspapers whipped up sympathy for them.

They attempted to drum up support from the students.

He didn’t hold out much hope for them.

cases where the object is always placed after the first word of the verb

3.105  With a small number of phrasal verbs, the object is always placed between the first and the second words of the verb. For example, you can say I can’t tell your brothers apart but not I can’t tell apart your brothers.

Captain Dean was still ordering everybody about.

I answered my father back and took my chances.

Note that most of these verbs take a human object.

Here is a list of phrasal verbs that always belong in this group when they are used with an object:

answer back

ask in

bash about

bind over

book in

bring round

bring to

brush off

call back

carry back

catch out

churn up

count in

drag down

dress down

drop round

feel out

get away

hear out

help along

invite in

invite out

invite over

jolly along

keep under

knock about

mess about

move about

muck about

order about

play along

play through

pull about

pull to

push about

push around

push to

run through

see through

send ahead

send away

send up

shut up

sit down

slap around

stand up

stare out

string along

talk round

tear apart

tell apart

tip off

truss up

turf out

Some phrasal verbs have more than one transitive sense, but belong in this group when they are used with one particular meaning. For example, take back belongs in this group when it means remind someone of something but not when it means regain something.

The smell of chalk took us all back to our schooldays.

…his ambition of taking back disputed territory.

Here is a list of phrasal verbs that belong in this group when used with a particular meaning:

bowl over

bring down

bring out

buoy up

cut off

do over

draw out

get back

get out

give up

have on

hurry up

keep up

kick around

knock out

knock up

nail down

pass on

pin down

pull apart

push around

put down

put out

see out

set up

shake up

show around

show up

start off

straighten out

take back

take in

take off

throw about

toss about

trip up

turn on

ward off

wind up

objects with prepositions

3.106  Remember that when a phrasal verb consists of an intransitive verb followed by a preposition, the noun phrase always comes after the preposition, even when it is a pronoun.