[718] lnternaciisto 1 (1930/31): 66.
[719] SA la tuta SAT-anaro!', Sennaciulo 7 (1930/31): 193-4. The first expulsions were those of: Drezen, Otto Bassler, Friedrich Carl Richter, Walter Kampfrad (head of EKRELO), Jozsef Batta, Fritz Wolff, Georg Richter, Herbert Muravkin, Willi Vildebrand: Sennaciulo 7 (1930/31): 239. With the exception of Drezen, they were all German or, in the case of Batta and Muravkin, lived in Germany.
[720] A total of 105 approved the action of the Executive Committee, 6 disapproved and 6 abstained: Protokolaro Amsterdamo, p. 64.
[721] In a referendum launched in January 1931 the opposition gave voting rights not only to members of SAT but also to 'all unemployed, poor people, Soviet citizens, non-subscribers of Sennaciulo, i.e.
passive members': Internaciisto 1 (1930/31): 74. By the middle of1931 the opposition asserted that 75 per cent of all organized worker Esperantists had expressed themselves in favor of its point of view: Internaciisto 1 (1930/31): 137.
[722] N. Nekrasov, 'La 5-a kongreso de SEU unuanime vo^donis por IUK', Internaciisto 2 (1932): 10.
[723]On the founding congress of IPE see Internaciisto 2 (1932): 81-3, 85-6. Present were 348 par- ticipants from 11 countries, among them, because of refusal of visas by the German authorities, no participants from the Soviet Union.
[724]These sections were, right before the founding, the associations or 'unifying committees' in Belgium, Britain, Bulgaria, China, Czechoslovakia, Estonia, France, Germany, Japan, the Netherlands, Norway, the Soviet Union, Sweden and the USA: 'Larga estas nia bazo. Antauen al fondo de IPE!!', Internaciisto 2 (1932): 75. In 1935 IPE announced membership totaling 13,728; of those, however, 11,195 were Soviets: Sur Posteno (international edition) 3 (1935): 188.
[725] Franz Jonas, 'Kie mankas la mondrigardo?', La Socialisto 8 (1933), 9: 4. Jonas was replying to the article of John Johansson, 'Kie la mondrigardo mankas. Malferma letero al miaj austraj kamaradoj', Svenska Arbetar Esperantisten 12 (1933), 6/7 (July): 7. In early June 1933, the Socialist Esperantist International (ISE) was founded in Vienna.
[726] E. Lanti, 'De ekstere—de supre', Sennaciulo 9 (1932/33): 45-7.
[727] On Lanti's last years: Borsboom (1976), pp. 145-77.
[728] Protokolo pri la XIII-a SAT-Kongreso en Stokholmo (supplement to Sennaciulo, no. 409, 25 sept. 1933), p. 5.
[729] On 25 July 1930 the Esperantists of Nizhnii Novgorod decided to direct such a request to the SEU Central Committee: Sennaciulo 7 (1930/31): 88.
[730]'Voĉojel Sovetio', Sennaciulo 7 (1930/31): 492. A few letters alluded to the dictatorial attitude and 'thieving' policy of Drezen.
[731]'Voĉojel Sovetio', Sennaciulo 7 (1930/31): 143-4, 247, 280, 342-3.
[732] E. Drezen, 'Al la Kontrol-Komitato de SAT', Internaciisto 1 (1930/31): 4.
[733] 'Kiel la Centra Komitato de Sovetrespublikara Esperantista Unio klopodas por ke SAT "evitu la rifon"', Sennaciulo 6 (1929/30): 531-2.
[734]K. Kalocsay, Rimportretoj. Galerio de Esperantaj steloj, Budapest: Literatura Mondo, 1931, p. 41.
[735]Thus, Lanti at the opening of the congress in 1932: Protokolaropri laXII-a Kongreso de S.A.T. en Stutgart, supplement to Sennaciulo, no. 393, 8 Sept. 1932, p. 1.
[736] 'En lukto por la klasbatala SAT', Bulteno de CKSEU 9 (1929/30): 149-56.
[737] Extract from minutes, 7 August 1930, Sennaciulo 7 (1930/31): 22.
[738] Maks Krjukov, 'Rememoroj pri Zamenhof', Sennaciulo 6 (1929/30): 313-14.
[739] M. Krjukov, 'Niaj kontrauuloj estas analfabetaj en politiko', Sennaciulo 6 (1929/30): 382-3. Addressing the question of opposition to Esperanto among workers' movement leaders, Kriukov provided a table of the class origins of famous revolutionaries, including Lenin ('petty bourgeois, son of a government official'). Showing that, by comparison, Zamenhof was 'just a simple and impoverished oculist', he concluded that the opponents of Esperanto were 'ordinarily bourgeois polyglots'. See Lanti's statement about Kriukov: Protokolaro Amsterdamo, p. 10.
[740]N. Sumarin, 'Rezultojde renegata laboro', Bulteno de CKSEU 10 (1931): 75-6.
[741] F.S., 'Ein organisatorisches Problem', La Socialisto 6 (1931): 94.
[742] Bulteno de CKSEU 10 (1931): 142.
[743] 'Laboristaj sindikatoj subtenas esperanton', Bulteno de CKSEU 10 (1931): 101.
[744] Sennaciulo 7 (1930/31): 88 (on Nizhnii Novgorod).
[745] 'Sur la vojon de praktika partopreno en la socialisma konstruado (Pri 1-a Moskva landkonferenco de SEU)', Bulteno de CKSEU 9 (1929/30): 47.
[746] Quoted in Martin (2001), p. 270.
[747] 'Plivastigita plenkunsido de CK SEU en Moskvo la 25 kaj 26 de julio 1931', Bulteno de CKSEU 10 (1931): 87-9 (report by Intsertov, p. 87).
[748]Dim. Snejko, 'Kiel ni verku por "PEK".?', Proleta Esperanto-Korespondanto 1 (1929/30): 32.
[749] Bulteno de CKSEU 10 (1931): 13, 79; see also the self-criticism of one of the attacked in Bulteno de CK SEU11 (1932) 19. A complaint about the 'nauseating asking for favors' of Soviet Esperantists, by Ralph Bonesper (New York), is cited in 'Ne misuzu korespondemon de alilandaj kamaradoj!', Bulteno de CKSEU 11 (1932): 44.
[750]i 5-a Kongreso de Sovetrespublika Esperantista Unio', Bulteno de CK SEU 10 (1931): 131-41 (quotations p. 133).
[751] F. Seidl, 'Wie sollen wir korrespondieren?', La Socialisto 6 (1931): 72.
[752] I have seen issues 5-12, all of them dating from 1931, plus four pages without numbers or year. Later the bulletin Veropri Sovetio appeared, as a publication of the Moscow PEK center.
[753]B. Belakov, 'Evitu politikerarojn dum internacia korespondado', Bulteno de CKSEU 11 (1932):
46.
[754] S. Levickij, 'Kio interesas eksterlandan instruiston', Bulteno de CK SEU 10 (1931): 29.
[755] Ludwig Schlamp, 'Plendo (Letero al Redakcio de "Bulteno")', Bulteno de CKSEU11 (1932): 36.
[756]O. Bassler, 'Alvoko', Bulteno de CKSEU 11 (1932): 52.
[757] W. Kampfrad, 'Pekoj kontraŭ "PEK"', Bulteno de CKSEU 11 (1932): 60.
[758] Japana PEK-servo, 'Alarmon al sovetiaj esperantistoj!', Bulteno de CK SEU 12 (1933): 32.
[759]iSaluton al la kvina kongreso de SEU!', Bulteno de CK SEU 10 (1931): 113-14 (quotation p. 114).
[760]TsK SESR, 'Usilivat' razvitie esperanto-dvizheniia vshir' i vglub', no ne forsirovat" (Broaden and deepen the development of the Esperanto movement, but gradually), Mezhdunarodnyi iazyk 10 (1932): 304-6.
[761] 'Plenkunsido de CK SEU', Sur Posteno Klasbatala, 1934: 129-32.
[762] It is well known that the murder of Kirov (1 December 1934) served Stalin as a good opportunity to advance his preparations for the Great Purge.
[763] 6 Memore al k-do Kirov', Sur Posteno Klasbatala, 1934: 129. The announced article, 'Proletoj, pligrandigu vian klasan atentemon!', consisting primarily of attacks on Lanti and his influence, appeared two issues later: Sur Posteno Klasbatala, 1935: 9-10.