Before leaving Constantinople, Roger had carried out his orders by writing a long despatch for Napoleon's private eye. In it he praised Gardane for having done everything possible to carry out the Emperor's wishes. Then he gave an account of how he, personally, had penetrated the Seraglio and gained the friendship of the Sultan Valide by representing himself to be an envoy sent by the Empress Josephine. He implied that the mission would have succeeded in its object had Aimee had her way; but the revolt of the Janissaries had brought to naught all hope of Turkey's sending additional forces against the Russians.
Having completed his report he sent Achmet out to find a sea-captain or merchant of good standing, who would shortly be sailing to Italy. After Achmet had produced three men who would be setting out from Constantinople within the next ten days, Roger settled on the third—a Venetian who was taking a cargo of coffee to Venice. To him he gave fifty gold pieces and the despatch, with the assurance that he would be well rewarded on delivering it safely. His missive was addressed to His Imperial Highness, Prince Eugene de Beauharnais, Viceroy of Italy, the Royal Palace, Milan. Inside the cover he put a note that read:
From Your Highness" old friend who had the pleasure of presenting you with your first pair of pistols.
That, he knew, would identify the sender to Eugene, whom he had first met as a boy of fifteen.
In the outer cover was an inner one, enclosing the despatch, inscribed,
Urgent! To be forwarded by fast courier to Marshal Berthier, Prince de Neufchatel.
And he had little doubt that, provided the Venetian merchant was not shipwrecked, or Beauharnais' courier came to grief, his report would reach Napoleon with the minimum of delay.
The Emperor was not going to be pleased with the information it conveyed, but at least Gardane would be excused his failure and Roger maintain his reputation as active and resourceful in the Emperor's interests.
Sailing on, the brigantine passed through the Dardanelles, then clove Homer's 'wine-dark seas' that creamed on the shores of the Aegean islands. They called at Rhodes to take on fresh provisions and, while they were being loaded, visited and marvelled at the Crusaders' vast castle. It was a city in itself, enclosed in three miles of wall, which were in some places a hundred feet in height, and so broad that three coaches abreast could have been driven along its top.
The wind held fair and on June 21st they landed at Selucca Peria, the port of Antioch. In the ancient Syrian city— the first Bishopric of the Christian world, but for many centuries past under either Arab or Turkish rule—they spent two nights, while Gardane's Quartermaster made preparations for their onward journey.
They were to take the famous Silk Road, which began there and ended four thousand miles away at the city of Chang-an in China. From time immemorial it had been the tenuous link between East and West. Merchandise had certainly passed along it for over two thousand years. Cleopatra had worn silk, and for several centuries, from her day onward, the traffic had been considerable. This was due to the whole of central Asia being under the domination of four mighty, stable Empires: that of Rome in the West; adjoining it Parthia—of which Persia then formed only a small part; beyond Parthia another vast territory ruled by die Great Kushan; and finally China, under the Han dynasty.
Silk was then China's wealth. The Emperors paid for their requirements with it and rich Mandarins stored rolls of it away, just as nobles and bankers in the Roman world kept their capital in bars of gold. It was also her monopoly. Its manufacture was the most jealously-guarded of all secrets, and the Chinese succeeded in keeping it for over a thousand years. Even when it did leak out, no other people succeeded in making silk of comparable quality. In Europe it was greatly prized, and Aurelian, writing in the third century a.d., tells us that in Rome the price of one pound of silk was twelve ounces of gold.
Even so, by then there had developed a considerable commerce between East and West. China continued to send only silk, but in exchange for it received wool, myrrh, horses and Roman glass. China, too, made no attempt to enlighten the outer world with regard to the wonderful civilisation she had developed. She remained a mysterious legend, her territories only vaguely indicated on the maps. On the other hand, to her there came considerable knowledge of the peoples beyond her frontiers. Manichean, Zoroastrian and, later, Christian missionaries made their way there, and were listened to with respect. Above all, the yellow-robed priests from India and
Ceylon spread their faith so successfully that Buddhism became the religion of the greater part of the Chinese people.
With the decline and break-up of the mighty Empires, the traffic all but ceased; as the caravans had not only to face the difficulties and hardships of crossing vast deserts and ranges of great mountains, suffer gruelling heat and bitter cold, but they became a prey to bands of fierce Huns, Tartars and Tibetans. Yet great profits were the spur that continued to induce men to risk their lives and, even allowing for the heavy tolls exerted by each city through which they passed, every caravan that reached the Mediterranean made a fortune for its master.
It was estimated that goods took some two hundred and forty days to travel the four thousand miles between the Jade Gate of Changan and Antioch; but no caravan made the whole journey. At points along the route, merchants met others, bargained and sold their cargoes, to be sent on by other caravans. It was for this reason that very few Western traders had ever entered China, and that, even in the thirteenth century, when Marco Polo returned from his amazing journey, few people would believe him when he told them of the marvels of the East.
Conscious of the urgency of his mission, Gardane decided not to wait and accompany the next caravan, which would not be leaving Antioch for a week or more, but to set out at once with only his A.D.C., Roger and the few senior officers who had stayed at the Embassy in Constantinople. Of these, only the Colonel of Engineers, Couthon, was to be left behind in command of the junior officers and orderlies who would form part of the caravan and escort the several score of camels needed to transport the heavier baggage of the mission, the presents for the Shah and the considerable consignment of arms destined for Persia.
By far the worst part of the journey from Antioch was the last two-thirds; for, after leaving Samarkand, caravans had to cross the Pamir Mountains, then the terrible deserts of Takla and Sinkiang. So, although to reach Isfahan was one-fourth of it, Gardane reckoned that instead of sixty days his party should arrive in the Persian capital in under forty. Moreover, they would be travelling light, with only lead horses to carry their necessities and a supply of provisions against emergencies.
On June 23rd they set out. The first stage was across the Syrian desert. The midday heat was unbearable, so they travelled only from early morning until about eleven o'clock, and from the late afternoon until nightfall, between times pitching camp. Their Arab guides knew the route well, so arranged their stages in a way which enabled them to make their halts in a series of oases, where there was water and fruit to be had and shade under palm trees.
Late on the third night, they entered Palmyra. The moon being up, they were able to see the splendid Greco-Roman ruins which were all that remained of Queen Zenobia's once-splendid capital.
As ruler of the last city on the Silk Road before the caravans arrived at Antioch and the first before they moved on eastward, she had become fabulously wealthy from the tolls she imposed on the merchants trading between the Mediterranean and Parthia. Being an ambitious woman, she had used much of the money to create a quite formidable army, with the object of making her large oasis the capital of a powerful nation. Resenting this, in a.d. 273 the Romans had sent their legions against her, destroyed her city and taken her to Rome where, walking in golden chains, she had provided the principal spectacle in a Roman triumph.