7 Baldwin III: character, William of Tyre 2.137–9; the account of his reign is based on 2.139–292; death and grief 2.292–4. Tyerman 206–8. Runciman 2.3.334, 2.242, 2.361–3; Ortuqids attack 2.337; Ascalon 2.337–58. Nur al-Din and Sunni revivaclass="underline" Qalinisi 64–8. Tyerman 268–73. Asbridge, Crusades 229–33. Nur al-Din polo: Phillips, Warriors 110. Hamilton A. R. Gibb, ‘The Career of Nur-ad-Din’, in Baldwin, First Hundred Years 513–27. On Andronicus: Bernard Hamilton, The Leper King and his Heirs: Baldwin IV and the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem (henceforth Leper) 173–4.
8 Amaury and Agnes, sleaziness of Jerusalem politics: Leper 26–32. Tyerman 208–10. Amaury builds Royal Palace: Boas, Jerusalem 82. On Egyptian strategy/negotiations with Assassins: Leper 63–75. Five Egyptian invasions: Tyerman 347–58; Syrian doctors 212. Runciman 2.262–93; death of kings 2.398–400. Overmighty military orders – e.g. Hospitallers vs patriarch, William of Tyre 2.240–5; Templar disobedience to Amaury. Agnes married Reynard of Marash; engaged to Hugh of Ibelin; married Prince Amaury then Hugh of Ibelin then Reynard of Sidon, who divorced her; lovers allegedly included Amaury of Lusignan and Heraclius the Patiarch: Runciman 2.362–3, 407.
9 William of Tyre: life and link with Usamah’s library: Introduction, William of Tyre 1.4–37. Usamah’s books 44. Baldwin IV, leprosy: William of Tyre 2.397–8. Leper 26–32.
10 Moses Maimonides: this account is based on Joel L. Kraemer, Maimonides: The Life and World of One of Civilisation’s Greatest Minds; refusal to serve Crusader king probably between 1165 and 1171, 161; Jerusalem visit 134–41; Fatimid doctor 160–1; doctor of Qadi al-Fadil and then Saladin 188–92; al-Qadi al-Fadil 197–201; Saladin’s doctors 212 and 215; fame and court life – doctor of al-Afdal 446; Taki al-Din/sex life 446–8. Prawer, History of the Jews in the Latin Kingdom 142. Did Maimonides pray in the Dome of the Rock?: Kedar and Pringle believe he did –Sacred Esplanade 133–49. Benjamin of Tudela on Jewish dyers, David’s Tomb and Alroy: see Wright, Early Travellers 83–6, 107–9. Michael Brenner, Short History of the Jews (henceforth Brenner), on Alroy 80; on Maimonides 90–92.
11 Books/Usamah, William of Tyre 1.4–37. Usamah, 44. Baldwin IV, leprosy: William of Tyre 2.397–8. Leper 26–32.
12 Baldwin IV. Death of Nur al-Din – al-Athir, in Gabrieli 68–70. William of Tyre, death of kings, 2.394–6; succession and symptoms 2.398–9. Along with William of Tyre, this is based on Leper 32–197; on leprosy see article by Dr Piers D. Mitchell in Leper 245–58. Heraclius and mistress, child: Continuation 43–5. Tyerman 216. Heraclius debauchery unfairly exaggerated – for a more positive view see B. Z. Kedar in Kedar, Mayer and Smail (eds), Outremer 177–204. W. L. Warren, King John: Heraclius’ tour and Prince John, 32–3. Burial of Baldwin V and sarcophagus: Boas, Jerusalem 180. Tyerman 210–13 and 358–65. Runciman 2.400–30. Reynard of Chatillon: Leper 104–5. Reynald raids Mecca caravan and takes Saladin’s sister: Continuation 29.
13 Guy and Sibylla: road to Hattin, crowning and spy in Sepulchre: Continuation 25–9; Reynauld, torture of Mecca caravan: Continuation 25–6. Ibn Shaddad, The Rare and Excellent History of Saladin (henceforth Shaddad) 37. For sympathetic analysis of Guy: R. C. Smail, ‘The Predicaments of Guy of Lusignan’, in Kedar, Mayer and Smail (eds), Outremer 159–76. Tyerman 356–65. Runciman 2.437–50. Coronation: Kedar, Outremer 190–9. M. C. Lyons and D. E. P. Jackson, Saladin: Politics of Holy War (henceforth Saladin) 246–8. Massacre of Templars and political unity: Continuation 32–5. Hattin/killing of Reynald: Continuation 37–9, 45–8. Cresson and invasion: Shaddad 60–3. For Raymond’s role see M. W. Baldwin, Raymond III of Tripoli and the Fall of Jerusalem.
14 Saladin and Hattin: Shaddad 37–8. Continuation, 36–9 and 45–8. Battle, Reynald: Shaddad 73–5. Al-Athir: Gabrieli 119–25; Imad al-Din (army, battlefield, killing of Reynald, True Cross, killing Templars): Gabrieli 125. B. Z. Kedar (ed.), The Horns of Hattin 190–207. N. Housley, ‘Saladin’s Triumph over the Crusader States: The Battle of Hattin, 1187’, History Today 37 (1987). Promise to kill Reynald: Saladin 246–8; the battle 252–65. Runciman 2.453–60. Tyerman 350–72. Saladin splits infantry from knights: Housley, Fighting for the Cross 124–6.
15 Saladin takes Jerusalem: Shaddad 77–8; Shaddad joins service of Saladin 80; visits to Jerusalem for festivals 89. Continuation 55–67. Al-Athir quoted in Gabrieli 139–46; Imad al-Din 146–63 (women). Saladin 271–7; campaign after Jerusalem 279–94. Runciman 2.461–8. Fall of the city: Michael Hamilton Burgoyne, ‘1187–1260: The Furthest Mosque (al-Masjid al-Aqsa) under Ayyubid Rule’, in Sacred Esplanade 151–75.
16 Saladin, character, career, family, court: this is based on the primary sources Ibn Shaddad and Imad al-Din; on Lyons and Jackson, Saladin; and R. Stephen Humphreys, From Saladin to the Mongols: The Ayyubids of Damascus 1193–1260. Shaddad: early life 18; beliefs and character 18; modesty, old man, crises with Taki al-Din, justice 23–4; lack of interest in money 25; illness 27, 29; jihad 28–9; crucifixion of Islamic heretic 20; visits to Jerusalem 28; sadness over Taki 32; court life, asceticism 33; fill of worldly pleasures 224; mud on clothes 34; geniality like Prophet holding hands until released 35; Frankish baby 36; rise to power 41–53; favourite son 63; special advice to Zahir on ruling 235; crises and conflict with amirs and grandees 66; swap of Zahir and Safadin 70.
Youth in Damascus polo, Saladin 1–29; debauchery satire of Taki 118–20; challenges of Taki and sons 244–6; distribution of new conquests 279–94; war 364–74. Saladin’s style of ruling: Humphreys, Ayyubids 15–39. Saladin’s mistakes: al-Athir quoted in Gabrieli 180. As court physician to Saladin and Taki al-Din, sex life: Kraemer, Maimonides, doctor of Qadi al-Fadil and then Saladin 188–92; 197–201; Saladin’s 212 and 215; doctor of al-Afdal 446; Taki al-Din 446–8.
17 Saladin and Islamic Jerusalem. Ibn Shaddad in charge of Jerusalem, Salahiyya Shafii madrassa, appoints governors: Saladin 236–7. Imad al-Din: Gabrieli 164–75, including Taki al-Din and princes cleaning the Haram, opening up of Rock, robe for preacher, Citadel of David restored with mosques; convent for Sufis in patriarch house, Shafii madrassa in St Anne’s; Adil encamped in Church of Zion. Turkish military tactics: Housley, Fighting for the Cross 111–14; Saladin’s multinational army 228; Saladin’s image 229–32. Ayyubid architecture on the Haram: Burgoyne, ‘1187–1260: The Furthest Mosque (al-Masjid al-Aqsa) under Ayyubid Rule’, Sacred Esplanade 151–75. Saladin and Afdal’s buildings and changes: Hiyari in Asali, Jerusalem 169–72 and Donald P. Little, ‘Jerusalem under the Ayyubids and Mamluks’, in Asali, Jerusalem 177–83. Saladin’s madrassa, khanqah, Muristan/ Afdal’s Mosque of Omar: Bahat, Atlas 104–7. Qubbat al-Miraj – Dome of Ascension, either Crusader baptistery or built with Crusader spolia; Bab al-Silsila built with Crusader spolia: Burgoyne, Mamluk Jerusalem 47–8.