endangered /irideixfea'd/1adj) if a type of plant or animal is endangered, it may soon no longer exist endangered species The black rhino is an endangered species and is protected by law.
the environment /5i mVai^rennent/ In singular) the air, water, and land where people, animals, and plants live, and the way all these things depend on each other so that life can continue
harm/damage/destroy/pollute the environment
Local people are protesting because the planned new rood will destroy the environment protect the environment New laws arc being introduced to protect the environment from industrial gase$ that cause acid rain.
environmental /inVawrarfmentl/ [adj] use this to talk about things that affect the environment, especially
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ENVIRONMENT
ENVIRONMENT
HOLES IN THE OZONE LAYER
The ozone layer is a layer of gases
THE greenhouse EFFECT
The greenhouse effect is caused by harmful gases known as greenhouse gases These gases are produced when we burn fuels, especially coal burned in power stations to make electricity.
These gases go up into the Earth's atmosphere end stop heat from leaving the Earth.
greenhouse gases
heat
the Earth
that protects us from ultraviolet light from the sun, which can have a harmful effect on animals, and causes skin cancer in humans.
the sun
ultraviolet / light
the ozone layer
The ozone layer is being damaged
by chemicals, especially CFCs, and when hofes appear in the ozone layer, harmful light from the sun reaches the Earth.
Because the heat cannot escape, the Earth is getting warmer This is known as global warming. Global warming may cause the ice at the North Pole and South Pole to melt and sea levels to rise, leading to serious flooding in many parts of the world. In other places, temperatures will rise and there will be less rain, turning more of the land into desert.
problems and damage to the environment: Public transportation systems can help to nec/uce environmental pollution.
environmental group /mvaurantoentl ,gru?V In С] a
group of people that aims to protect the environment, for example by spreading information and trying to make governments change their policy
environmentally Jrtendltj /mVai^^'mentl-i frendli/ [adfi causing less harm to the environment
extinct /jk'sttrjkt/ [adj] if a type of plant or animal is extinct, it no longer exists
/Brtilizer^fxt^laiza^faml-aizar/ [n C| a mixture of chemicals used by farmers to help crops grow
flooding /1\лдщ/1п Uj when an area of land becomes covered with water
fames /fjuimz/ [n plural] harmful gas or smoke, for example from factories or carst which damages the environment and people's health
exkaust/umcs {«fumes from cars)
global warming/.gl^oM wxrmit/ the idea that the Earth's weather is gradually becoming warmer because of pollution
green /gri:n/ (adj] use this to talk about things connected with protecting the environnrient such as ideas and policies, or products you can buy that affect the environment
green Issues ideas about the environment that are discussed in meetings, newspapers, on television etc) People are becoming more aware of green issues, such as the need to reduce road tragic, green products (=that do not harm the environment) They sell green products such as recycled paper and organic vegetables,
greenhouse gas /gmthaos aaes/ (n C] a gas that forms a layer around the Earth and stops heat from leaving the atmosphere
the greenhouse effect /to gmtes ifekV |л singular! the gradual warming of the Earth caused by gases that stop heat from leaving the Earth s atmosphere
habitat/haeb^taet/ |n C/Uj the natural home of a plant or animaclass="underline" Cutting down the forest will destroy the habitat of thousands of birds and animals. natural habitat (=used especially when you are com-
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!
ACID RAIN
Acid rain is rain that is harmful to the environment because it contains acid frorr
the destruction of habitats
All over the world,, wildlife is being threatened
because habitats and woodlands are being destroyed. Rainforests are being cut down so that people can use the iand to grow crops. Many species of animal have become extinct, and many more are endangered.
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ENVIRONMENT
factory smoke. Arid rain causes damage to trees, rivers, and buildings.
some solutions
alternative forms of transport
One of the main problems with cars is that
ENVIRONMENT
they cause a lot o; pollution and often carry only one person. Public transport is more environmentally friendly because bases and trains can carry large numbers of people at the same time. Car pools are another way of reducing thp number of cars on the roads, fven cleaner solutions are electric cars, and bicycles
paring it with an unnatural habitat, such as a zoo) This snake's nafura/ habitat is the Amazonian jungle.
organic /хгджшк/ [ad;] organic fruit, meat, and vegetables have been produced without using chemicals
the ozone layer /di 'эохэип }шт/ [n singular) a layer of gases around the Earth that protects us by stopping harmful &ght from the sun reaching the Earth
pesticide /■pest^said/ [n C] a mixture of chemicals used by farmers to kill insects or small animals
pollutant /решали/ [n С] a substance that pollutes the environment: Scien//sfs haue discovered that the fish are being killed by pollutonts in the water
polluter /рэ1иаэ7 {n C] someone or something that damages the environment with harmful chemicals or waste
pollution /рэ11фц/ [n Uj damage caused to the environment by harmful chemicals or waste
power station Граш* Tstei|л\/ [n Q a building where electricity is produced
protest /pratestj [u I/T] to publicly say or do something to show that you think something is wrong and you
want it to be changed
protest against sth BRITISH protest sth amfrican Environmental groups have organized a march to protest against government plans to build a road through the forest
protest /prsutest/ [n C] when a group of people come together to show that they think something is wrong and they want it to be changed
protester /pretest эг/ [n C] someone who protests against something
public transport вкгтен public transportation
amewcan /pAblik transput, рлЫк ,traaspiteij^i|-traen spar-/ [n (J] bus and train services provided for everyone to use
rainforest /reiaforist|-ftt->-fa:-/ [n С] a tropical forest uitn tall trees that are very close together growing in a part of the world where it rains a lot: a campaign to stop the destruction of the rainforests