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In British English, you can use government with a singular or plural verb: The government has decided/have decided to introduce new laws against terrorism. In American English, always use a singular verb.

politician / pDl^tiJ^n||,pa:-/ [n Cj someone who works in politics, especially a member of a parliament: Many right-wing politicians opposed the treaty.

MP/member of parliament /,em pi:,

тетЬэг sv ра:г1этэт/ [n C] someone who has been elected to a parliament, especially in Britain or in a country that

has a similar system of government, such

as India, Australia, or South Africa: There are still very few women members of parliament. I Ken Livingstone, MP Labour/Conservative/Liberal MP the

Labour MP for Birmingham South

]Ж1г<)1 MPs/mcmbtrs of parliament

congressman/congress wo man

/'kDijgrJjSman, 'kDqgr^s.wumsnll'kan)-/ [n C]

someone who is a member of the US Congress, especially of the House of Representatives: Congressman Evan Kendrick

plum! congress men/congress women

Senator /' senata1"; [n С] a member of the US Senate or a similar institution: Senator Kennedy 1 The President met with a group of senators and congressmen to discuss energy policy.

El a government that controls people's lives too much

dictatorship /dik'teits'/ip/ [n ci a government in which one person or one small group has total power and uses it unfairly and cruelly: Argentina's military dictatorship collapsed in 1983.

police State /pa'liis steit/ [n singular] a country where the police have too much power and control people's lives too much: They can't treat you like this - this is America, not a police state!

totalitarian /t3o,t2eli/te,?mn/ [adj usually before noun] a totalitarian country or system of government is one in which the government controls every part of people's lives and there is no freedom: a writer who was imprisoned during the totalitarian rule

oppressive /a'presiv/ [adj] an oppressive government treats people in a cruel way, using military force to prevent any kind of opposition: throngs of refugees from the oppressive regime I The Nationalists passed more and more oppressive race lows.

И different systems of government

democracy /di'mDkr3si||drma:-/ |n U] а system of government in which everyone in the country can vote to choose the government: In 1974 democracy returned to Greece after seven years of military rule.

democracy [n С] a country in which everyone can vote to choose the government: the democracies of Western

Europe

pinr democracies

democratic /.dema'kraetikW [adj] а democratic country, government, or political system is one in which the people vote to choose the government . Pa к is tan's first ever democratic elections

republic /гГрлЬЬк/ [n C] a country whose leader is a president, not a king or queen: the French Republic I Prime Minister Keating had plans to turn Australia into a republic.

+ of the People's Republic of China monarchy 'mDn3rki||'ma:n-/ [n C/U] а

system of government in which a country is ruled by a king or queen: questions about the future of the monarchy in Britain

pliroi monarchies

Ы one part of a government which deals with health, education, defence etc

department /di'pa:rtm3nt/ [n C] one of the separate parts of a government, which is responsible for a particular subject, such as health, education, or defence the Departmerit of Education/Health/

Transport etc British She is now head of

the Department of Education. the D efe as e/J us tic e/Tre as иг у Department american His brother Bobby was head of the Justice Department.

ministry /'min^stri, [n С] a government department in Britain and some other countries: She works at the Ministry of Defence.

plural ministries

minister /'min^sta'/ [n C] the politician

who leads a government department in

Britain and some other countries: a meeting of European finance ministers in Bonn

A Minister is not the official job title of the leader of a government department in Britain, but it is often used. The official title is 'Secretary of State'. But this title has a different meaning in the US, where it means the person in charge of the US's relations with other countries.

the leader of a country

A

leader /'li:d3r/ [n C] someone, such as a president or prime minister, who is in charge of the government of a country; World leaders are meeting in Geneve today to consider the peace plan. I for mer Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev

Leader is not an official title.

president /'prez^bnt' [n C] the official

leader of a country that does not have a king or queen: President Chirac + оf the President of Egypt

prime minister ^praim mm^st^,' [n C]

the elected leader of the government in a country that has a parliament: The British Prime Minister lives at 10 Downing Street,

+ of the Prime Minister of India

ruler /'ги:1эг/ [n C] someone, such as a king or queen or a military leader, who has the power to run the government of a country: an unjust ruler f Nigeria's military rulers

+ of Ramses II, ruler of Egypt in 1300

ВС

king /к|ц/ \n С] a man who is the official leader of a country because he is a member of a royal family.- King George VI + of King Juan Carlos of Spain I the King of Morocco

queen /kwi:n/ [л C] a woman who is the official leader of a country because she is a member of a royal family, or a woman who is the wife of a king: Queen Elizabeth

+ of the Queen of Sweden

to govern or rule a country

govern /'gAvai|-arnj [v 1/T] if a political