Выбрать главу

Qnot counting /not kauntH]/especially

spoken use this to make it clear exactly which people or things you do not want to include in a totaclass="underline" Jane's been away for a week now, not counting today. 1 I get 25 days' holiday a year, not counting public holidays.

INCREASE

look here for ...

when a number or amount gets bigger

when a feeling gets stronger when something happens more often

see also crow, big, more

when a number or amount gets bigger

increase m'kriis/ [у I] to become larger in number, amount, price, value etc: Gradually the noise and traffic increased as they approached the city.

increase by 10%/$100/2 million etc (=by a difference of 10% etc) The price of cigarettes has increased by 30% in the last two years.

increase to $1000/2 million etc (=to reach a total of $1000 etc) The number of unemployed is expected to increase to four million by 2001. increase in number/value an investment

that is certain to increase in value increase considerably/greatly/enor- mously The use of mobile phones has

increased enormously over the past two

385

INCREASE

years.

'A Don't use increase about the level or standard of something. Use go up or rise: The standard of living has risen (not 'increased').

increasing .m'krisiq/ [adj only before noun] An increasing range and variety of health foods are now available. an increasing number o/Ancreasing numbers of Increasing numbers of North American trees are being damaged by acid rain.

A

go a pi rise /.g^u 'лр, raiz (t» IJ to increase

- use this about numbers, prices, or temperatures etc, but also about the level or standard of something: My rent's gone up again. It's £100 a week now. I Spending on education has risen rapidly in recent years. I With more and more cars on the road, pollution levels are rising steadily.

+ by 10%/$500 etc (=by a difference of 10% etc) House prices went up by 20% last year. I Sa/aries have risen by 50%

since 1987.

+ to $1000/10 million etc In summer temperatures often rise to 40°. I The

average price of a loaf of bread has gone up from 26p to 60p. rising - rose - have risen

ПГ7 1

! z_lA uo up is more common in spoken ! English than increase or rise.

^ Don't confuse raise (=make something

rise) with rise (=become more), * •

rising /raizir]/ \adj only before noun] increasing - use this about prices, numbers etc or about the level or standard of something: His ing fuel costs have forced many airlines to put up the price of air tickets. I the country's rising standard of living

rising unemployment/crime/in/lation

(=when problems increase and become more serious) a period of economic difficulty and rising unemployment

9TOW jgrwj [и I] to increase gradually over

a period of time - use this about numbers or amounts, or about the total amount cf business activity or trade. Sales of пеш cars have grown steadily since 1990. I

China's economic output continues to

grow at a remarkable annual rate. grow by 10%/5000 etc (=by a difference of 10% etc) Last year, our profits grew by

£50,000.

growing - grew - have grown

growing /'greuirj/ \adj only before noun] Growing numbers of women are choosing to give birth at home.

double /dAlwl/ [v I| to become twice as big: The price of electricity nas almost doubled in less than three years.

shoot up yjuit 'др/ [phrasal verb I) to

INCREASE

increase quickly and suddenly - use this

especially about prices, costs, or amounts of money: Water charges have shot up by 35% in only 12 months. + from ... to ... Profits shot up from

$4000 to $34,000 last year.

Efl when a feeling gets stronger

growing graoii]/ [adj only before noun) growing doubts/fears/interest/opposition etc doubts, fears etc that are gradually becoming stronger: women's grow ing interest in football I I listened to his story with growing disbelief.

grow /grau./ [и I] if a feeling grows, it gradually becomes stronger: Her confidence grew, and soon she was able to go out driving on her own, I f ears are growing for the safety of the missing children. growing - grew - have grown

increase in kriis' [и 1] to become stronger - use this especially about a feeling that a lot of people have: The excitement is increasing inside the stadium as we wait for the teams to come out onto the field. I The President's popularity has increased enormously since the war. increasing [adj only before noun] There is increasing uncertainty about the

company's future.

build up bild др/1 phrasal verb I] if a bad feeling such as anger builds up,-it gradually increases, until it makes you decide to do something: The pressure built up over the year, and eventually I had to leave my job. I I could feel the anger building up inside me.

mounting /maontiq/ [adj only before noun] mounting anger/excitement/ concern anger, excitement etc that is quickly increasing and becoming very strong: There is mounting concern about the use of guns by criminals.

H when something

happens more often

increase .m'kriis/ [v I] if an activity increases, it happens more often, and so it affects more and more people or situations: Smoking is increasing among teenage girls.

be on the increase /bi:,on6i 'igkriis/if

386

a problem in society is on the increase,

it is happening more and more often: Drug taking is on the increase, i Poverty and homelessness seem to be on the increase again.

В to make something increase

increase /in'kriis/ [и T) to make something

increase: We must increase the amount of money that we spend on education. I Smoking increases the risk of getting lung cancer, I Mandela's imprisonment increased the opposition to white rule in South Africa.

+ from ... to ... The company is increasing its workforce from 350 to 500.

put up /pot 'лр; |phrasal verb T] to increase the prices, taxes, or rents people have to pay