scrape through /skreip 'Oru:/ [phrasal verb I/T] informal to only just pass an examination, by getting only a few marks more than are necessary: I might scrape through if I'm lucky. I Daniel only just scraped through the entrance exam.
pass /pa:s||paes;' [v I/T] to go past a place or person-. I'll get you some aspirin - I pass the drugstore on the way to work. I They kept quiet until the soldiers had passed. I A big Cadillac passed us as we walked up the hill. passing (adj only before nounj going past, noise and fumes from the passing traffic
overtake /,3ov3r,teik/' [u I/T] especially
British to pass a moving vehicle in order to go in front of it: Before you start to overtake. make sure the road ahead is clear. I Hill overtook Schumacher just before the last bend.
overtaking - overtook - have overtaken
when time passes
go Ьу/paSS ,gau bai, pa:s||paes/ [u Ij Several years passed before she learned the truth. I The days passed slowly. I As you get older, time seems to go by more quickly.
go quickly дао kwikli if time goes quickly, it seems to pass quickly: The last
few days of the holiday went far too quickly.
Qtime /lies /,taim flaiz/ spoken say this when you are surprised at how quickly the time has passed: Is Martin eight already? How time flies! I Time flies when you're having fun!
554
go slowly /(gau "slotjli/ if time goes slowly, it seems to pass slowly: Time always goes slowly when you're bored.
to go past a place or person
see also drive, walk, run
past /pa:st||paest/ [adu/preposition] walk/drive/rush/run past An ambulance rushed past on its way to the accident. I Will you be going past the library on your way home? I The children were frightened of walking past the old ruined house.
by /bai/ [adv] going past, especially not very quickly
go/pass/walk/sail by / lay on the grass and watched the clouds floating by
PAST
FUTURE
if you want to know how to form the past, go to the essential grammar, section 4
before
see
also
time MOW
■I the past
the past /йэ pa:st||-'paest [n singular] the time that existed before the present time: My grandfather enjoys talking about the past. I The Queen's horse-drawn carriage is a nostalgic reminder of the past. in the past (=during the time before now) I decided to ask Anna, as she had always been very helpful in the past. ! In the
past, residents here would gather in the
courtyard, chatting and singing.
past pa:st|p<Tsi I adj only before noun] past events, experiences etc happened before now: He's learned a lot from past experiences. I Judging by her past performance. I'd say Rowena will do very well.
the past 10 years/2 weeks etc (=the 10 years. 2 weeks etc before now) The past few months had been very difficult for Mary. I For the past two weeks. I hove been doing my boss's job while she's away on business. I The enormous changes of the pest 30 years.
history 'hisL?ri/ [n singular) all the things that have happened in the past, especially to a country, a town, or an organization the history of sth a book about the history of the United Nations I India has been invaded several times in its history.
sb's past /(sb's) 'paist||-'pЈst/ all the things that have happened to someone in the past: The newspapers have been investigating the President's past, hoping to find some scandal.
E when something happened in the past, but does not happen now
used to /ju:st tin, [modal uerb] if you used to do something, you did it for a period of time in the past, or you did it regularly in the past, but you do not do it now: "Do you smoke?" "No, but I used to."
used to do sth We used to live in Glasgow when I was young. there used to be There used to be a market in the town.
didn't used to I was surprised to see her driving - she didn't used to.
once/at one time /wAns, 3t ,WAn 'taim/
ladu] during a period of time in the past, but not now - use this when it is not important to say exactly when this period was: a sports car once owned by Paul McCartney 1 He once worked for the FBI. I It is a big city now, but at one time the population was only 50,000.
then./at that time /йеп, ot to taim [adf] during a particular period of time in the past - use this when you are comparing that period with the present: I was a student in the 1950s, and things were very different then. I We were married before the war; and at that time most married women stayed at home.
in the past in йэ 'pa:st||-'paest/ use this
to talk about a situation that existed in history but does not exist now: In the past, most children didn't go to school
at all. I Women were not allowed to own property in the past.
in those days /in 'fouz deiz use this to
talk about a time long ago in your life, or
in your parents' or grandparents' lives, when things were different: He was paid £5 a week, which was a lot of money in those days, i In those days there was no bridge over the river, and we crossed it by boat
/ormerly /Ь:гтэгП/ ladu] written in the past, before the present situation existed: The school was formerly a hospital. I Peru was formerly ruled by the Spanish.
В on one occasion in the
past
once w.Ans Jadu] She once called me a liar - I've never forgiven her. 1 Once, when I was a little boy, I found a gold watch.
one time /'wad ,tarm/ informal on one occasion in the past: One time we went out fishing on the lake at night.
one day/one morning/one afternoon ,\улп 'dei, WAn 4rm:rnit], wah ,a:tbr-
555
PAST
nu:n||-,aef-/ on a day, morning, or afternoon in the past - use this when you are telling a story and it is not important to say exactly which day you mean: One day he went away and never came back. I / was having my breakfast one morning when the telephone rang.
PATTERN
a regular arrangement of shapes,
ART
PAINT
material 2
decorate
colours, or lines
DES1CN
\ t
CLOTHES
see also
draw
i V
colour/color
pattern "paeb?n||'paet3rn/ [n C| a regular
arrangement of shapes, colours, or lines on a surface, especially one that is used to decorate paper, cloth, plates etc: Do you have any wallpaper with the same pattern but a different colour? + of patterns of sunlight and shadow on the ground
design (dizain |n C| a pattern which is used to decorate a surface such as cloth or paper: This design is very common on Turkish carpets. ! Vou can get curtains and bedcovers for children, decorated with 'Lion King' designs.