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how much something will cost, how long something will take etc, by using numbers: Their accountant calculated the total cost of the project.

calculate how much/how many/how Jar

etc Try to calculate how long the fuel will last.

total

153

COUNT/CALCULATE

+ that Sally calculated that she needed $300 to pay all her bills. calculation /.kaelkB'leijjn/ (n С often plural) a process by which you calculate

COUNT/CALCULATE 1

a totaJ, price, time etc: NASA calcula tions put the cost of the space program at $118 billion.

Qwork out ,w3irk 'aot [р/iraso/ verb T] especially spoken to calculate an answer, amount, price, or value

work out sth / always use a calculator to

work out percentages.

work sth out"How much do I owe you7''

'7 haven't worked it out yet"

work out how much/how many/how far

etc We need to work out how much food we'll need to take with us.

estimate /'est^meit [и T] to guess an

amount, price, or number, as exactly as you can

+ that It's been estimated that the number of car-owners will increase by about 15%.

estimate what/how many/how much

etc It is impossible to estimate how many illegal guns there are in circulation.

estimate [n C) an amount that is guessed, not calculated exactly: As a rough estimate, we currently recycle about 5% of the paper we use.

to add one number to another

add eed/ [v T| to put two or more numbers together and calculate the answer

add sth and sth If you add 24 and 36 you get 60.

add sth to sth Add 10% to the total. addition ln U] when you add a number

Qplus /pias/ [preposition] spokf.n use plus between numbers or amounts to show that you are adding one to another: Eight plus six is fourteen. 1 The cost is £45 plus £5 for delivery.

^The written sign for p|Usis '+'• 8 + 6 = 14

to take one number from another

Qtalce/take away /teik, teik s'wei/ \v

Tj especially spoken to take one number from another and calculate the answer take sth (away) Jrom sth If you take 17 from 100 you get 83. I Take 19 away from 48 and then add 15.

54

subtract /sab'traekr/ [v T] to take one number from another and calculate the answer: To convert the temperature into celsius, subtract 32, then multiply by 5 and divide by 9.

subtract sth/rom sth Subtract 12 from

32.

subtraction [n U) when you subtract a number

A Subtract is more formal than take or take away.

Qminus mamas [preposition) spoken use minus between numbers or amounts to show that you are taking one from another: 30 minus 5 leaves 25.

^^ The written sign for minus is '-': 10-6 = 4

to multiply one number by another

multiply /'nult^plai/ [v I/Т] to add a number to itself a particular number of times multiply sth by sth If you multiply ten by seven you get seventy. + by To find the price in yen, you must multiply by 86.

multiplied by 21 multiplied by 10 is 110.

multiplying - multiplied - have

multiplied

multiplication /,тл1Цр1^ке!рп/ [n U) when you multiply a number: Use your calculator for multiplication.

Д The written sign for multiplied by is

V: 6x3= 18

Qtimes /taimz/ [preposition] spoken use times between numbers or amounts to show that you are multiplying one by another: Five times six equals thirty. I What's nine times eighteen?

El to divide one number by another

divide /dj> vaid, {u I/T] to divide one number by another, usually smaller, number + by It is easier to divide by 10 than by 12.

divide sth by sth If you divide thirty by five you get six.

divided by 36 divided by 2 is IS. division /'d^'vivn [n U] when you divide a number: We didn't learn division until we were older.

COUNTRY

if you mean 'land where there are trees and fields and not many buildings', go to countryside

m see also land and sea, walk 2, з,

environment

country

country "клпт/ [n Cj an area of land with its own government, army etc, for example. France, Japan, or the USA: Brazil is one of the biggest countries in the world. How many countries are there in Europe? I The northeast of the country was badly hit by the hurricane. I I've travelled all over the country. (=to a lot of places within a country) the country {=all the people in a country) The explosion in Paris shocked the whole country.

A

plural countries

A Don't say 'what is your country?'. Say where are you from? or where do you come from?

Don't call a country a 'land'. Land is mostly used in poetry or in stories about the past or about distant places. Long ago, in a land far away from here, there lived a wicked queen.