However, on the twenty-fourth of November, 1916, Ivor Horowitz chanced to meet a former law don from Cambridge, Major Harwell Shapiro, now chief advocate of the 37th Division. Due to growing infringements of military discipline after two years of inconclusive fighting, the advocate-general’s corps was rapidly expanding, and Ivor succeeded in convincing his ex-teacher that he could be of use. Major Shapiro managed to have the young officer transferred to the 37th’s military police shortly before the division moved into line in December 1916. Divisional headquarters were near Lille, within range of the German artillery.
In the early spring of 1917 sweeping changes were made in the British high command, especially in the Middle East theater. After General Murray’s abortive attack on Gaza in March, Sir Edmund Allenby, who was nicknamed “the Bull,” was given command of the 52nd Division. Allenby sailed from Europe with a large complement of senior officers to restaff the division before renewing the campaign against the Turks in Palestine.
In May 1917 Ivor Horowitz, to his great delight, set out with Allenby for Egypt, a country he found most congenial and enjoyable. Henceforward he traveled with Allenby’s general staff, on which he served as a military advocate. In late October 1917 he crossed the border into Palestine with Allenby’s forces, and in January 1918, a month after the fall of Jerusalem, he was promoted from second to first lieutenant.
COLONEL MICHAEL WOODHOUSE Born in Wales in 1877. His father, Sir Ashley Woodhouse, was a Tory M.P. and Attorney General under Disraeli. As a boy Michael was sent to a boarding school in Sussex, after which he joined the army in 1896. He served in the Far East, India, Malaya, and Ceylon, and gradually rose through the ranks. In 1912 he returned to Great Britain to take command of the 3rd Welsh Regiment. In 1914, now a major, he arrived with the first wave of the British Expeditionary Force in France, where his unit was among the first to see combat against the Germans. Major Woodhouse fought in holding actions on the Marne and the Somme in 1915 and was promoted to lieutenant colonel, in which capacity he served as chief operations officer of the 6th Battalion. He was taken prisoner, escaped, and rejoined his regiment, but in late June 1916 he was seriously wounded in the trenches of Verdun, losing his right arm and part of his vision. For three months he was hospitalized in Chenonceaux Castle in the Loire Valley, which had been converted into a military hospital. In early 1917 he was released, promoted to colonel, and awarded the Distinguished Service Order, but he refused to return to England and insisted on remaining in active service. At first he served in a staff position, but after growing friction with his superiors, accompanied by excessive drinking and fits of depression, he asked one of Allenby’s generals to arrange an overseas transfer In September 1917 he arrived in Allenby’s Cairo headquarters and was assigned to the military police. Soon he began to serve as a presiding judge at military trials, a role he relished despite his lack of legal education.
His half of the conversation is missing.
— Colonel, sir. Lieutenant Ivor Stephen Horowitz of the advocate-general’s corps, attached to the adjutant’s office of the 52nd Division. I’m most grateful to you for finding time to discuss with me this matter of —
— Horowitz, Colonel, with two “o’s.”
— British, of course. Born in Manchester, sir.
— 1897, sir.
— Yes, sir.
— My father, sir, did not have the good fortune to be born in the United Kingdom, although he arrived in it as a young lad. My mother, on the other hand —
— From Russia, sir. But as a very small child. What deucedly foul weather!
— It surprised us too, Colonel. We never thought we’d encounter such a stormy winter in Jerusalem, which our British imaginations had pictured, or at least mine had, as a sun-scorched sort of place. And yet it’s done nothing but rain in the months since we’ve been here and the city elders swear that it’s the wettest winter in memory. Still, sir, no matter how glumly a day like this begins, there are bound to be a few hours of clear skies. It’s not your eternal Leeds or Glasgow drizzle…
— There’s hope even on a day like this, Colonel.
— No, sir. We still haven’t any dependable or even regular weather forecasts, sir, because the balloons sent up by the Royal Meteorological Service in Cairo do not cover Palestine. However, the barometer outside the house of the French consul does give reliable notice for up to a few hours. I took a look at it on my way over here, sir, and I’m happy to inform you that there’s hope for better weather this afternoon.
— Horowitz, sir.
— That’s correct, sir, with two “o’s.” I hope you had a good night’s sleep, Colonel.
— Oh.
— Oh…
— Oh, I’m dreadfully sorry to hear that It’s considered, sir, the best establishment in Jerusalem. General Allenby himself stayed there after entering the city, and to the best of my knowledge, there were no particular complaints from his staff. I’m most distressed to hear you say that, sir.
— Quite so, sir. I daresay that their cook hasn’t learned to make proper British food yet. It’s no secret that you can’t find a decent side of bacon in all of Jerusalem. Our governor’s wife, Lady Humphrey, was just saying as much to the brigadier. Although I’ve heard say that the same cook has acquired the knack of a quite traditional British porridge. You might want to try it, sir.
— I see, Colonel.
— The city itself, sir, is a small and shabby place, and after a few months here I’m quite prepared to say that it’s a frightfully dull one as well. The population is extremely mixed, a hodgepodge of small, unsociable communities that are as indigent and ignorant as they are endowed with a messianic sense of superiority. As usual, there seems to be no relation between the reputation of the place, which it owes to the great books written in and about it, and the sordid reality, sir.
— What does it have to offer? Jolly little, Colonel. One renowned and quite impressive mosque, the Dome of the Rock, which you no doubt know about, sir. A few important churches, chiefly, the Holy Sepulchre — which if you don’t mind my saying so, sir, is rather a disappointment. A few of the little churches outside the walled city are far more charming and harmoniously proportioned. Any time you would like a tour, sir, the advocate-general’s office will be pleased to put a first-rate guide at your disposal.
— As usual, sir, the Jews have little to offer except themselves. To our great surprise it turns out that they are a majority here, even though many of them were banished or fled during the war. Architecturally, they have only a few poor synagogues. And of course, there’s that big white wall they stand in front of, which is supposedly a remnant of their Temple.
— Yes, sir. They simply stand there and pray, as if they were rooted to the spot.
— Half a day, sir, is more than enough to do the holy places at your leisure. Everything is at frightfully close quarters, and the distances are so absurdly small as to be, I would say, almost tragic.
— Outside the walls, sir, are some new neighborhoods scattered over the hills. A few of them, so I’ve discovered in the course of this dismal winter, actually begin to grow on you. But it takes a while, sir, I should think, before you can see their charm…