21. Ibid., p. 167.
22. See T. H. Rigby, ‘Was Stalin a Disloyal Patron?’
23. A. Kriegel and S. Courtois, Eugen Fried, pp. 121 and 125.
24. Stalin i Kaganovich, p. 665: telegram of 6 September 1936.
25. Sovetskoe rukovodstvo. Perepiska, 1928–1941, p. 33.
26. Pis’ma I. V. Stalina V. M. Molotovu, p. 107.
27. Lubyanka. Stalin i VChK–GPU–OGPU–NKVD, p. 180.
28. L. Trotskii, Moya zhizn’.
29. Pis’ma I. V. Stalina V.M. Molotovu, 1925–1936 gg., p. 231.
30. ITsKKPSS, no. 11 (1990), pp. 63–74.
31. Reabilitatsiya: politicheskie protsessy 30–50-kh godov, pp. 334–443. See also The Road to Terror (ed. O. V. Naumov and J. A. Getty) pp. 52–4.
32. S. Allilueva, Dvadtsat’ pisem k drugu, pp. 54–5.
33. L’Armata Rossa e la collettiviazione delle campagne nell’ URSS (1928–1933), pp. 164, 302 and 356.
26. The Death of Nadya
1. R. Bullard, Inside Stalin’s Russia, p. 142.
2. Ibid., p. 208.
3. Lubyanka. Stalin i VChK–GPU–OGPU–NKVD, p. 286.
4. S. Allilueva, Dvadtsat’ pisem k drugu, pp. 99–100.
5. Reported by R. Richardson from an interview with Svetlana Allilueva, The Long Shadow, p. 125.
6. Sovetskoe rukovodstvo. Perepiska, 1928–1941, p. 77.
7. RGASPI, f. 17, op. 113, d. 869, p. 61.
8. Iosif Stalin v ob”yatiyakh sem’i, p. 29.
9. Ibid., p. 30.
10. RGASPI, f. 17, op. 113, d. 869.
11. Interview with Kira Allilueva, 14 December 1998. See also L. Vasil’eva, Kremlëvskie zhëny, p. 259.
12. Iosif Stalin v ob”yatiyakh sem’i, pp. 31 and 33.
13. See S. Sebag Montefiore, Stalin: The Court of the Red Tsar, p. 50.
14. GARF, f. 3316/ya, op. 2, d. 2016, p. 3.
15. RGASPI, f. 85, op. 28, d. 63, pp. 1–3.
16. Molotov. Poluderzhavnyi vlastelin, pp. 307–8.
17. Ibid., p. 307.
18. Ibid., p. 308.
19. S. Allilueva, Dvadtsat’ pisem k drugu, p. 31.
20. GARF, f. 7523sg, op. 149a, d. 2, p. 7.
21. GARF, f. 7523sg, op. 149a, d. 2, pp. 10, 11 and 13.
22. GARF, f. 81, op. 3, d. 77, p. 48.
23. RGASPI, f. 3, op. 1, d. 3230.
24. R. Bullard, Inside Stalin’s Russia, p. 153.
25. GARF, f. 3316/ya, op. 2, d. 2016, p. 2.
26. Lubyanka. Stalin i VChK–GPU–OGPU–NKVD, pp. 601 and 667–9.
27. Molotov. Poluderzhavnyi vlastelin, p. 308.
28. ‘Dnevnik M. A. Svanidze’ in Iosif Stalin v ob”yatiyakh sem’i, p. 177.
29. A. Mgeladze, Stalin, kakim ya ego znal, p. 117.
30. A. Rybin, ‘Ryadom so Stalinym’, Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya, no. 3 (1988), p. 87.
31. A. Mikoyan, Tak bylo, p. 356.
32. Tak govoril Kaganovich, p. 35.
33. A. Mikoyan, Tak bylo, p. 353.
34. RGASPI, f. 3, op. 1, d. 3231.
35. Ibid.
36. S. Allilueva, Dvadtsat’ pisem k drugu, pp. 19 and 21.
37. See S. Lakoba, Ocherki politicheskoi istorii Abkhazii, p. 120.
38. Ibid., p. 118.
39. Ibid., pp. 132–3.
40. Ibid., pp. 116–17.
41. Ibid., p. 115.
27. Modernity’s Sorcerer
1. See for example his speech to an all-Union conference of ‘proletarian students’, Pravda, 16 April 1925.
2. Semnadtsatyi s”ezd Vsesoyuznoi Kommunisticheskoi Partii (b), p. 28.
3. Ibid., p. 24.
4. Cited by A. Luukkanen, The Religious Policy of the Stalinist State, p. 140.
5. See J. Barber, Soviet Historians in Crisis, 1928–1932.
6. M. Gor’kii, L. Averbakh and S. Firin, Belomorsko-baltiiskii kanal imeni I. V. Stalina.
7. See R. Medvedev, Problems in the Literary Biography of Mikhail Sholokhov.
8. Exchange of letters between Stalin and Sholokhov in 1933, Voprosy istorii, no. 3 (1994), pp. 9–22.
9. See below, p. 333–4.
10. See above, p. 333.
11. GDMS, Hall III contains the original annotations.
12. I am grateful to Zakro Megreshvili for information about his stepfather Shalva Nutsubidze’s reaction to Stalin’s editorial work.
13. S. Allilueva, Tol’ko odin god, p. 337.
14. Krasnaya zvezda, 5 January 1995.
15. Istoriya sovetskoi politicheskoi tsenzury. Dokumenty i kommentarii, p. 484.
16. See below, p. 444.
17. See the translation in R. C. Tucker, Stalin in Power, pp. 205–6.
18. A. Akhmatova, Sochineniya, vol. 2, pp. 167–8
19. See below, p. 361.
20. See R. Service, A History of Twentieth-Century Russia, chap. 12.
21. See ibid. and C. Kelly, Refining Russia, pp. 285–309.
28. Fears in Victory
1. See the OGPU reports in Tragediya sovetskoi derevni, vol. 3, pp. 318–54.
2. See R. W. Davies, Crisis and Progress in the Soviet Economy, 1931–1933, pp. 188–91; J. J. Rossman, ‘The Teikovo Cotton Workers’ Strike of April 1932’, pp. 50–66. For a general account see R. Conquest, Harvest of Sorrow: Soviet Collectivisation and the Terror-Famine.
3. See R. W. Davies and S. G. Wheatcroft, The Years of Hunger.
4. Stalin i Kaganovich: Perepiska, pp. 132 ff.
5. See A. Nove, An Economic History of the U.S.S.R., pp. 224–5 and 227.
6. I. V. Stalin, Sochineniya, vol. 13, p. 186. See the account in R. W. Davies, M. Ilic and O. Khlevnyuk, ‘The Politburo and Economic Policy-Making’, p. 114.
7. Stalin i Kaganovich: Perepiska, p. 260.
8. Ibid., p. 235.
9. See R. W. Davies, M. Ilic and O. Khlevnyuk, ‘The Politburo and Economic Policy-Making’, p. 110.
10. Letter of 18 June 1932: Stalin i Kaganovich. Perepiska., p. 179.
11. Ibid., pp. 282 and 290.
12. Ibid., p. 274.
13. Ibid., p. 359.
14. Ibid., p. 479.
15. See R. Conquest, Harvest of Sorrow; R. W. Davies, Crisis and Progress in the Soviet Economy; and R. W. Davies and S. G. Wheatcroft, The Years of Hunger.
16. Ibid., p. 241.