And again: “The example of America must be a special example. It must be the example not merely of peace because it will not fight but of peace because peace is the healing and elevating influence of the world and strife is not. There is such a thing as a nation being so right that it does not need to convince others by force that it is right. There is such a thing as a man being too proud to fight.”
Beneath these remarkable words Il-han drew a line with his inked brush. He did not understand them fully and he pondered them in the night. What man was this who could speak words so strong that they became weapons for peace? Sword-sharp, bold and clear, the words struck into his own heart, accustomed to the love of peace, and into his mind, trained by the classic discipline of Confucius that the superior man leads not by violence or by coarse physical acts but by the pure intelligence of a wise mind.
From such meditation Il-han slowly created the image of a man ruling a great western country with calm conviction and high righteousness, maintaining peace in a world of war and evil. He began at first to trust this American, and then to idolize him.
Yul-han’s second child, a daughter, was born in the early spring before the sun had warmed the earth, when the first plum blossoms appeared on the bare branches of the plum tree, a time which should have been a happy one, with ceremony to be observed. Alas, it was also the time when the great American Woodrow Wilson had after all taken his country into the war, in the fourth month of the solar year 1917. The Japanese rulers had forbidden the use of the lunar year, saying that none cared what year it was in Korean history and from thenceforth all must use the solar year, which was the modern system of counting time. The year therefore was 1917.
The newspapers during these times had printed much of what Wilson said, and as people read his words all Koreans had grown to think of him as saint and savior and a man who would never descend to making war. For months Yul-han, too, had read everything he could find that the Americans said, and he met often with his father to consult on the meaning of what was said, and whether the Americans in the end must fight. For slowly and against his first confidence and his own inclination, Il-han had come to believe that though peace was the proper way of life, it might now be necessary for the Americans to enter the war, lest far away in Europe a center of tyranny, conceived in the mind of an angry man, a man born with a withered arm and a slight body often ill, could light a fire that in some future time, joined with other minds, even such as ruled now and here in Korea, would put the whole world into darkness.
Il-han believed but Yul-han could not believe the necessity. “Father,” he exclaimed, “how can Wilson persuade his people to war when all his persuasion has been for peace?”
Il-han shook his head and stroked his graying beard. “Do you not observe that these Germans mistake his words of peace for words of fear? What is their answer? While Wilson speaks of peace they declare that they will fight an unrestricted war by sea. Is this to be endured?”
Yul-han looked at his father curiously. “Why is it that you, sitting here under this quiet grass roof, are concerned at what happens halfway around the world?”
“I have learned that no grass roof can hide me or any of us,” Il-han replied. “We are not like the crabs of the sea. We have no shell into which we can creep. Our ancestors spent themselves and grew frantic and quarrelsome seeking for such a shell. All in vain! The enemy sought us and found us, and we are without shelter or hope unless we become part of the world, as indeed we are, though unknowing, for it is only in the safety of a safe world that we can be safe. Who can rid us of these alien rulers? Not we, not our friends, not even their enemies. We have no hope from any except from all. This Woodrow Wilson is the one man who understands that this is true for his country, too, and in his shadow we must follow. When the war is won, he will prevail, and we shall be given our independence and under his leadership we shall have the freedom we long for and have never had, for all will be free.”
His father spoke like a prophet, and like a prophet he looked, the old prophets of another age, of whom Yul-han read in his Christian books. He was silent and reverent before his father. Yet his father and himself were not the only ones. All over the country, in city and village, people gathered to hear someone who could read to them of Wilson, and all looked to that man as their hope and their savior. There was not one voice under heaven except his voice which spoke such words. Others spoke of their own countries but this man spoke of all nations, and they believed in him. Everywhere the people crowded into Christian churches with hope and eagerness, believing that the God to whom Wilson prayed would make him victorious and with his victory would come their freedom again. Indeed, because of Wilson’s faith they joined the churches and many thousands became Christian for his sake.
Wilson declared that on the sixteenth day of the fifth month he would speak to his own people, and by now, such was his strength, when he spoke to his own, in reality he spoke to all peoples. Even before this day could arrive, however, the arrogant enemy in Europe sank three great American ships.
Yul-han hastened to his father’s house when the news of the ships was told. Il-han was in triumph. His eyes, still black and lively, were bright with excitement.
“Now,” he told Yul-han, his left hand slapping the newspaper he held in his right, “now Wilson must lead his people to war.”
“Father!” Yul-han exclaimed. “I cannot believe you are a man of peace! Or have you been drinking?”
“I have not been drinking,” Il-han retorted. “Hear this!”
He laid hold of Yul-han’s arm and held him while he read aloud the words that Wilson had spoken, breaking in with his own exclamations of approval.
“He speaks to the German people, this man — he begs them to turn against their own tyrants. It is as if he spoke to us — to our people. He says — he says—” Here Il-han stopped to find the place with his forefinger. “He says, ‘We have no quarrel with the German people. We have no feeling towards them but one of sympathy and friendship. It was not their impulse that their government entered this war. This war was provoked and waged in the interest of dynasties accustomed to use their fellow men as pawns and tools—’” Here Il-han paused to inquire of his son, “Is that not our people? Are we not being used as pawns and tools? He is speaking to us, I tell you — no, wait, there is more — he says — here, he tells the German people, ‘We seek no indemnities, no material compensation, we desire no conquests — no dominion. We have no selfish ends to serve.’ Is there another man like this one under heaven? No, I swear there is not — And then he goes on, he says, ‘There must be a League of Nations, to which all nations should belong, and before which all nations may present their injustices.’ There is where you must go, my son! I will go with you. When the war is won we will go to the League of Nations. We will present our cause.”
Yul-han was alarmed. He had tried several times to stop the flood of his father’s talk and could not. Tears were streaming down Il-han’s cheeks, he was trembling, his lips quivered, he was half laughing, half weeping.
“Father, remember the war is far from won. The Germans are in the place of power. It is the last hope that the Americans are now in it too. We do not know—”
“I do know!” Il-han shouted. “I know that this man will win the war for us! When I read his words, I feel my own heart ready to burst. I grow strong again, I am young, I can go to battle myself!”
“I grant that his words are strong and skilled, Father, but words do not win a war.”
Il-han was like a child, disappointed. “You are cold,” he said passionately. “You are very cold. If Woodrow Wilson is not enough for you, then where is your God, this new Christian God? Is he not Wilson’s God also?”