‘A mushroom?’ says Cassidy.
‘Yeah. You can see where the bullet hit something, probably bone, and ballooned out at the tip.’ He points with his thumbnail.
‘See? Right there,’ he says.
‘And this would cause more damage?’
‘You bet. If a bullet spreads, it transfers more kinetic energy to the target. That causes more damage. What shooters call stopping power.’
‘Would you consider this a pretty deadly round?’
‘Sure. At close range it’s real effective. What many police agencies use today, though most of their bullets are jacketed.’
‘So in your professional opinion the bullet in this bag has more stopping power than bullets used in standard-issue police weapons of the same caliber?’
‘Oh, yeah. Whoever used this one was looking to do a number,’ he says.
‘Objection.’
‘Sustained. Just answer the questions,’ says Woodruff.
Cassidy moves away for a moment to regroup. This gives Nico a chance to wet his coatsleeve to the elbow.
‘Let me ask you, Mr. Perone, did you have occasion to perform any kind of microscopic examination of the bullet in that bag?’
‘I did.’
‘And what did you find?’
‘The lands and grooves, the marks left on the bullet from the barrel of the firearm, indicated a right-hand twist. Pretty common for many types of manufactured handguns.’
‘Anything else?’
‘Yeah. There was something wrong with the gun. Besides the lands and grooves, there were little ridges cut in the sides of the bullet, some kind of a defect in the bore of the weapon.’
‘Could you tell what caused this?’
He makes a face and shakes his head. ‘If I had to guess — ’
‘No guessing. Your professional opinion,’ she says.
‘Sure. My professional opinion. I would guess maybe some oxidation in the barrel. Little pits of rust,’ he says. ‘Sometimes these cause little microscopic ridges that drag on the bullet as it runs down the barrel.’
Cassidy’s giving him slow nods on all of this. Her task here is not to score any particular points. A bullet is a bullet. This particular one happened to kill Melanie Vega.
Instead Morgan’s role is to account for any anomalies in the evidence, to raise any possible inconsistencies before we can, and to resolve them as nothing unusual, to steal any wind we might try to use to puff up the sails of our case, to prevent us from making our own theory of what happened seem more plausible than hers.
She moves to the evidence cart and comes back with another little bag, this one containing the brass cartridge found on the floor at the scene.
‘Mr. Perone, I would ask you to look at the bullet casing in this bag and ask if you’ve had an opportunity to examine it.’
He turns the bag over, studies it for a moment.
‘Yeah. I have.’
‘Can you tell us what caliber it is?’
‘It’s a nine-millimeter Luger.’
‘The same as the bullet in the other bag?’
‘That’s right.’
‘Is there any way that you can tell whether this bullet and this cartridge were at one time part of the same loaded or complete bullet?’
‘Very difficult,’ he says. ‘Particularly with a nine-millimeter parabellum. Because they don’t generally crimp the round when they load ’em.’
‘What do you mean by “crimp the round”?’
‘When you load a cartridge, the last step in the process is called seating the bullet. This can be done manually, with a loading press, or by a machine in a plant. Either way, when the bullet is seated, the die, the part that presses it into the cartridge casing, either crimps the edge of the casing a little around the bullet to hold it or it doesn’t. On the nine-millimeter most dies don’t crimp.’
‘Why is that significant?’
‘If the casing is crimped, it’s difficult, but there’s a chance that you can match up irregularities around the mouth of the casing with impressions left on the bullet where it’s crimped. If it ain’t crimped you can forget it.’
‘And this one?’
‘You can forget it.’
‘So there’s no way you can tell us whether this bullet and this cartridge were part of the same complete unfired bullet at one point?’
‘I can’t.’
‘Let’s turn our attention to the cartridge casing,’ she says. ‘Is there anything you can tell us about this casing?’
‘It’s a reload,’ he says.
‘What does that mean?’
‘It means the cartridge has been fired and reloaded — in the case of that one, many times.’
‘How can you tell this?’
‘Tool marks on the rim for one thing. A semiautomatic pistol — that bullet is generally fired from a semiautomatic — ’ discharges the casing after it’s fired. It ejects it from an ejection port, an opening in the side or the top of the firearm. To do that, an ejector has to grip the rim of the empty cartridge and pull it out of the chamber. This leaves little tool marks on the rim.’
‘How many tool marks did you find on the cartridge in question?’
‘At least eight that I could identify.’
‘Would this mean that the bullet was reloaded at least eight times?’
‘Not necessarily. Some of them could have been caused by whackin’ off.’
Cassidy looks at him like maybe she hasn’t heard him right. Harry starts to snigger. Cassidy shoots him a glance, and Hinds coughs to cover up.
‘Manual ejection,’ he says. ‘You put the bullet in the magazine, maybe with others, and then manually you work the bolt or the return back and forth, seating the bullets in the chamber and ejecting them one at time, without firing. Sometimes people do this to make sure a gun won’t jam when they go to fire it. In the trade, some people call it whackin’ off.’
‘No need to explain,’ she tells him.
Knowing Nico, he might show the jury.
‘But how do you know that all the tool marks on this casing weren’t caused by manual ejection?’
‘Because there’s other marks that tell us it’s a reload.’
‘What kind of marks?’
‘There’s stress and metal fatigue that you can see under a microscope, and what we call sizing marks, along the side of the cartridge. Bullet casings are usually made of brass or some other soft metal. They tend to expand when fired. Once they’re ejected, you ain’t gonna get ’em back into the chamber of the weapon unless you first put ’em in a sizing die and press them back down to size. When you do this, to reload the round, it leaves stress marks on the cartridge. Also, the end of the casing, the part that hits up against the breechblock, will start to show wear after it’s been fired a few times. On this one you can barely read the word Luger.’
‘What does that tell you, Mr. Perone?’
‘That tells me that the casing in your hand has been fired more times than some pimp’s pecker,’ he says.
Perone is Harry’s kind of witness.
‘Wonderful.’ A pained look from Morgan, like see what the state gives her to work with.
‘Let’s keep it on a professional plane,’ says Woodruff.
‘Sorry, your honor.’ Nico gives the judge a grin.
‘Assuming someone didn’t have the equipment to reload this type of ammunition, is it possible for a man or woman to obtain this kind of reloaded ammunition?’
‘Sure. You can get it at any shooting range. Some gun shops sell reloads. You can pick it up at gun shows by the bushel. A million places,’ he says.
This is the critical point that Cassidy is making with this witness — that anybody, including Laurel, could have obtained the bullet that killed Melanie Vega.
‘So there’s no way to tell where this ammunition might have come from?’
‘Not really.’
‘Let me ask you, is there any way to tell what kind of gun this bullet was fired from?’
‘We know that at one time or another it was fired from at least four different firearms. Tool marks, ejection marks, will sometimes give you a clue as to the make of gun. In this case there’s too many marks, some over others. There’s no way with a bullet that has seen that much wear.’