In fourth, personally has arrived on the ships, sent in expedition(dispatch).
Let's mention also period after end of expedition(dispatch).
In fifth, personally has arrived on 'Neva "," which has arrived from expedition(dispatch). Validly отпробовал of naval food.
' Having tried corned beef, crackers, king запил by water taken in tropics, and одобрительно причмокнул by lips ' [Фирсов And. И.]. On soul, probably, it was good; the success was historical, world(global) level.
In sixth, the commanders of the ships of expedition(dispatch) have received the honourable and powerful awards (award, pensions, lumpsum premiums, assignment of the next ranks, purpose(assignment) for worthy posts). Other participants of expedition(dispatch) were awarded also.
One expedition(dispatch) two round-the-world navigation
The expedition(dispatch) - as the project and as an organizational measure - was one. And round-the-world плаваний there were two.
Initially ships "'Hope" and "'Neva" were loaded with account on two concerning independent navigation.
"To 'hope" under a management(manual) And. Ф. Крузенштерна it was necessary to reach(achieve) coast of Japan and Kamchatka, but its(her) visit for Alaska was not planned.
"To 'Neva" till a management(manual) Ю. Ф. Лисянского the task was given to be directed to coast of Alaska. As to Japan, the navigation "of 'Neva" to coast of this country was not planned.
However after the decision of tasks "of 'Hope" on Kamchatka and at coast of Japan, and "'Neva" - on Alaska, they (both ships) should meet in China, in Кантоне. After the decision of commercial tasks to continue a joint way to European Russia, in Санкт of St. Petersburg, in Kronstadt.
' The Plan and route of expedition(dispatch) were already finally determined. The governmental instruction assigned to it(her) the following tasks:
To supply Russian колонии in America with various supplies;
To transport from America in Кантон a cargo of furs for trade operations with the Chinese merchants;
To deliver in Japan Russian embassy ' [Штейнберг Е. Л.].
' In navigation ' Neva ' stayed three complete years, without two days. More than forty five thousand miles have passed for сие time. Two third of this way шлюп ours floated independently, without соплавателя ours ' Hopes ' ' [Фирсов And. И.].
' One more important stroke was emphasized half-centuries back by(with) the writer the historian In. Neva in the book ' the First travel of the Russians around of light "':" references about the first Russian round-the-world travel included in usage the erroneous tendency to write about Ю. Ф. Лисянском only as about the companion And. Ф. Крузенштерна. However resulted(brought) data show, that the most part of navigation Лисянский has made independently.
Within 532 running day the ships have passed more than 45 000 miles, and only 41,5 % on time and 42,8 % on number of miles falls on a part of travel accomplished "'Невою" together with "'Надеждою", and independent navigation accordingly 58,5 % and 57,2 %.
From 1095 days, during which the historical travel proceeded, in joint navigation the ships were only 375 days, in independent navigation "'Neva" was 720 days, that accordingly makes 34,3 % and 65,7% '.
Thus, the commander "of 'Neva" actually made вояж without trusteeship Крузенштерна and has made opening and innovations independently ' [Фирсов And. И.].
So, expedition(dispatch), as the project and as a certain organizational measure, - one. And two navigations around of light.
Plus embassy and scientific researches
The project was not limited to two round-the-world плаваниями. It(he) also included a direction of embassy in Japan and realization in the period плаваний of scientific researches.
' In organization of a parcel(sending) of expedition(dispatch) in Russian североамериканские колонии has played also known role and valid councillor of state Николай Петрович Резанов. Резанов was тестем. And. Шелехова and consequently was closely connected to interests Russian колоний in Northern America. Резанову the application on a highest name sent in 1795, about establishment Российско of the American company belongs. The representative of the Company in St. Petersburg Резанов was for a number of years.
With June 10, 1803 Резанов was awarded by an award Св. Анны I of a degree, пожалован by a rank камергера also is nominated by the envoy in Japan. Simultaneously it(he) has received рескрипт from Александра I with the detailed instruction concerning realization of his(its) diplomatic powers in Japan. The purpose of embassy was reception of the sanction from the Japanese emperor on trade of Russian courts in the Japanese port of Nagasaki or organization of barter trade on an island Матсмае (Иезо). In рескрипте, addressed Резанову, Александр I wrote: ' Having selected you on a feat, the advantage(benefit) fatherland promising, both on the part of the Japanese trade, and in a reasoning of formation(education) of the American edge(territory), in which to you is entrusted участь тамошних of the inhabitants, was charged with I to the chancellor to hand over you the letter, from me to the Japanese emperor nominated, and minister of commerce in both subjects to supply you with the appropriate instructions, which are already authorized by me '. With the ambassador was decided(solved) to send rich gifts to the Japanese emperor and his(its) main dignitaries, and also number(line) of the goods for the beginning of trade operations.
Under the insisting the column Румянцева, Александр I has permitted(solved) to send the Russian ambassador in Japan by the same ships, which should deliver the goods in Russian североамериканские колонии. With embassy was decided(solved) to send scientific expedition(dispatch) for research of coasts of Silent ocean ' [Фирсов And. И.].
' By the Envoy in Japan was nominated камергер Н. Item. Резанов, one of the active figures Российско of the American company. The first Russian round-the-world expedition(dispatch) turned to the important political enterprise. However its(her) main task, as it is visible from ' to the Instruction given valid камергеру Резанову ', there was ' a trade Российско of the American company ', on whose means were bought and are supplied of court of expedition(dispatch) - ' Hope "'and" Neva '. (In connection with sending diplomatic mission which is taking place onboard ' of Hope ', this ship was accepted on the state account, switching and biennial contents of his(its) crew.)
The scientific tasks were not overlooked(forgotten) also. Already in the first governmental documents, where the main subject of expedition(dispatch) was considered(examined), there was a speech about естественнонаучном research of Russian possession in America both other places and countries, which should visit the ships. For this purpose the botany and some students минералогов was supposed in structure of expedition(dispatch) to include of the scientist натуралиста.
From the scientist, which circle has appeared much more widely, the detailed descriptions of the visited grounds and collections of geological breeds, metals, ground, minerals, plants, семян, animals, fishes, corals, bowls, insects and т were expected. д. Each "'thing" should be described and is numbered. The rather important meaning(importance) was given to ethnographic researches, including study of an image of life, customs, religion, crafts, art, dwellings, weapon, clothes and т. д. The artists of expedition(dispatch) were recommended to deliver sketches of costumes and kinds of Russian settlements in America.
The following place was allocated(removed) to manufacture of exact meteorological supervision - behind the polar lights and others ' the notes worthy ' by natural phenomena.