› De kande il arivis…
· (From when he arrived).
• As soon as he arrived…
› Apene il arivis, kande el klozis la pordo,
· (Hardly he arrived, when she shut the door,)
• He no sooner arrived than she closed the door.
Very often, between an imperative and an infinitive, and cannot be translated by ed:
• Take care and behave yourself, Take care that you behave yourself,
› Sorgez ke vu kondutas bone.
• Be careful and see that he does it,
› Sorge atencez ke il facas ol.
• Be sure and come, Fail not to come
› Ne faliez venar.
The word as conveys so many different ideas, that several examples of its use are necessary:
• He came in as I spoke (= while I spoke),
› Il en-venis dum ke me parolis.
• It happened as I told you (= in the way in which I told you),
› Lo eventis, quale me pre-dicis a vu.
• They were as like as two peas (comparison),
› Li esis tam simila kam du pizi,
· or: Li tam similesis una a l’altra kam du pizi.
• Great as he is, he is not infallible (= although he is great),
› Quankam il esas granda, il esas eroriva.
• Much as I regret it … (= however much…),
› Irge quante me regretas ol…
• Such as have anything to say… (= those who),
› Ti, qui havas ulo dicenda…
• It’s pluck as does it (= which causes success),
› Audaco esas to, quo sucesigas.
• As you are angry, you should not speak (= because you are angry),
› Pro ke vu iracas, vu devas silencar.
These both translate as, or like, but while kom implies identity, quale only marks resemblance:
› Il esis aceptata kom rejo,
• He was received like a king (and he was a king).
› Il esis aceptata quale rejo,
• He was received like a king (though he was not a king).
› Il aparis quale Hamlet,
• He appeared as Hamlet (in the character of H.)
› Me ne parolas kom experto.
• I do not speak as an expert. (As one who was an expert would.)
At the beginning of a sentence or clause, nor means: and not:
• Nor was he tired,
› Ed il ne esis fatigita.
Nor … either is translated nek … anke:
• I am not tired, nor he either,
› Me ne esas fatigita, nek il anke.
Lesson XIX
maxim(e), most.
minim(e), least.
pluse, further, moreover.
maxim … posible, most … possible.
› maxim granda posible, the greatest possible.
minim … posible, least … possible.
tam … kam posible, as … as possible.
admaxime, at the most.
adminime, at least.
proxime, approximately, near.
kelke, a little.
poke, little.
sat(e), enough.
tro, too (much).
sam-tempe, at the same time.
nul-tempe, never.
sempre, always.
kune, together.
nun, now; ago = before now, ante nun.
olim, once upon a time, formerly.
frue, early.
tarde, late.
erste, only = no earlier than.
ca-die (hodie), today.
hiere, yesterday.
morge, tomorrow.
ca-vespere, this evening.
pre-hiere, the day before yesterday.
pos-morge, the day after tomorrow.
jus, just (in the past).
quik, at once, immediately.
ankore, still.
ja, already.
ne … ja, not yet.
interne, inside.
extere, outside.
supre, up, upstairs.
infre, down, below.
avane, in front.
dope, behind.
retro, backwards.
dextre, on the right.
sinistre, on the left.
fore, far away.
cirkume, around.
forsan, perhaps.
komprenende, of course.
mem, even; still (with comparative).
ya, indeed.
nur, only.
precipue, chiefly.
aparte, apart, separately.
itere, anew, afresh, again.
okazione (di), apropos (of).
oportune, by the way, by the bye.
The word but can be (1) a conjunction, joining two statements; (2) a preposition, before a noun or a pronoun in the objective case in English; (3) an adverb, explaining a verb, an adjective, or another adverb; (4) a pronoun, subject of a verb; (5) a verb; expressing an action; (6) a noun, expressing a thing done:
(1) I like peas, but I do not like beans → Me prizas pizi, ma me ne prizas fazeoli.
(2) All but him liked it → Omni ecepte il prizis ol.
(3) I had but one friend → Me havis nur un amiko.
(4) There is no one but loves her → Nulu esas qua ne amas el.
(5,6) But me no buts → Ne opozez a me kontre-dici.
The word ever may mean (1) all time, always; (2) at any time:
(1) The Maple-leaf for ever → La acer-folio por sempre.
• I shall love you for ever → Me amos vu sempre, sempre.