on, one, they, people:
E.g.: on dicez quon on volas, Let people say what they like.
The reflexive pronoun is su, himself, herself, itself, themselves (third person only):
Il lavas su, He washes himself.
Li lavas su, They wash themselves.
But: Me lavas me, I wash myself.
The future tense ends in -os; the conditional in -us; the imperative ends in -ez:
Me esos, I shall be.
El vidus, she would see.
Venez hike! Come here!
-er, one who habitually does something, amateur:
fum-ero, smoker. voyaj-ero, traveller.
This suffix is also used for animals or things characterized by an habitual action:
rept-ero, reptile. remork-ero, tug (-boat).
-ist, one whose profession has to do with:
art-isto, artist. fotograf-isto, professional photographer.
dent-isto, dentist. (Cp. fotograf-ero, amateur photographer.)
The suffix -ist also indicates an adherent of a party or school of thought:
social-isto, socialist. ideal-isto, idealist.
-ism, system, doctrine, party:
social-ismo, socialism. Katolik-ismo, Catholicism.
-an, member of a community, country, town or body:
societ-ano, society member. Paris-ano, Parisian. Kanad-ano, Canadian. partis-ano, partisan.
-ier, who or what bears or is characterized by:
pom-iero, apple-tree. roz-iero, rose-bush.
milion-iero, millionaire.
Also, in a few words, holder:
plum-iero, pen-holder. sigar-iero, cigar-holder.
Me arivis en la staciono. La veturo haltis. Portisto advenis. “Ube vu iras?” il questionis. “Me iras a Paris.” me respondis. — “Ka vu havas vua bilieto?” — “No!” — “Venez komprar ol en la kontoro.” Me pagis la veturisto. Me donis ad il drinko-pekunio. “Hastez!” klamis la portisto. “La treno departos sen vu.” — “On devas vendar la bilieti plu rapide! Me volus komprar jurnalo. Ube esas la jurnal-vendeyo? Me perdis mea monetuyo: Ho no!” Esas tri kloki. La treno departas. Mea kofro esas en la pako-vagono. Til la rivido!
Lesson III
mea, my, mine; tua, thy, thine; vua, your, yours (belonging to one person); lua, his, her, hers, its; sua, his own, her own, its own, their own.
nia, our, ours; via, your, yours (belonging to more than one); lia, their, theirs.
When necessary use:
ilua, his; ilia, their (belonging to men).
elua, her, hers; elia, their (belonging to women).
olua, its; olia, their (belonging to things).
Me vizitis mea dentisto, I went to see my dentist.
Il vizitis lua (sua) matro, He visited his (his own) mother.
El perdis ilua parapluvo, She lost his umbrella.
Li admiris sua chapeli, They admired their (own) hats.
Ili admiris elia chapeli, They (the men) admired their (the women’s) hats.
A possessive pronoun always implies the definite article; thus mea amiko is my friend, the friend I spoke of, while a friend of mine is translated amiko di me.
-eri, establishment where something is made or done.
rafin-erio, refinery. chapel-erio, hat factory.
distil-erio, distillery.
-il, instrument: plug-ilo, plough. fotograf-ilo, camera. pekt-ilo, comb.
Many special names of instruments exist, e.g., klefo, key, martelo, hammer; from these verbs can be formed by compounding them with the root -ag to do, act: e.g., klef-agar, to lock, martel-agar, to hammer.
-ey, place (room) devoted to some object or action:
kaval-eyo (horse-)stable; preg-eyo, oratory; tomb-eyo, cemetery; koqu-eyo, kitchen; dorm-eyo, dormitory; vit-eyo, vineyard; lern-eyo, school-room.
As the meaning of this suffix is rather wide, special words are to be used where the sense requires them: e.g., universitato, skolo, etc., for lerneyo; katedralo, kirko, etc., for preg-eyo.
-uy, receptacle:
ink-uyo, inkwell; sigar-uyo, cigar-box; kafe-uyo, coffee-box; te-uyo, tea-caddy.
NOTE.: coffee-pot, tea-pot are kafe-krucho, te-krucho.
-i, domain or sphere of action:
duk-io, duchy; episkop-io, bishopric; komt-io, county.