3. John M. Perkins, “Colonialism in Panama Has No Place in 1975,” Boston Evening Globe, Op-Ed page, September 19, 1975.
4. Graham Greene, Getting to Know the General (New York: Pocket Books, 1984), pp 89–90.
5. Graham Greene, Getting to Know the General (New York: Pocket Books, 1984).
Chapter 18. Iran’s King of Kings
1. William Shawcross, The Shah’s Last Ride: The Fate of an Ally (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1988). For more about the Shah’s rise to power, see H. D. S. Greenway, “The Iran Conspiracy,” New York Review of Books, September 23, 2003; Stephen Kinzer, All the Shah’s Men: An American Coup and the Roots of Middle East Terror (Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2003).
2. For more about Yamin, the Flowering Desert project, and Iran, see John Perkins, Shapeshifting (Rochester, VT: Destiny Books, 1997).
Chapter 20. The Fall of a King
1. For more about the Shah’s rise to power, see H.D.S. Greenway, “The Iran Conspiracy,” New York Review of Books, September 23, 2003; Stephen Kinzer, All the Shah’s Men: An American Coup and the Roots of Middle East Terror (Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2003).
2. See TIME magazine cover articles on the Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, February 12, 1979, January 7, 1980, and August 17, 1987.
Chapter 21. Colombia: Keystone of Latin America
1. Gerard Colby and Charlotte Dennet, Thy Will Be Done, The Conquest of the Amazon: Nelson Rockefeller and Evangelism in the Age of Oil (New York: HarperCollins, 1995), p 381.
Chapter 24. Ecuador’s President Battles Big Oil
1. For extensive details on SIL, its history, activities, and association with the oil companies and the Rockefellers, see Gerard Colby and Charlotte Dennet, Thy Will Be Done, The Conquest of the Amazon: Nelson Rockefeller and Evangelism in the Age of Oil (New York: HarperCollins, 1995); Joe Kane, Savages (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1995) (for information on Rachel Saint, pp 85, 156, 227).
2. John D. Martz, Politics and Petroleum in Ecuador (New Brunswick and Oxford: Transaction Books, 1987), p 272.
3. José Carvajal Candall, “Objetivos y Políticas de CEPE” (Quito, Ecuador: Primer Seminario, 1979), p 88.
Chapter 26. Ecuador’s Presidential Death
1. John D. Martz, Politics and Petroleum in Ecuador (New Brunswick and Oxford: Transaction Books, 1987), p 272.
2. Gerard Colby and Charlotte Dennet: Thy Will Be Done, The Conquest of the Amazon: Nelson Rockefeller and Evangelism in the Age of Oil (New York, HarperCollins, 1995), p 813.
3. John D. Martz, Politics and Petroleum in Ecuador (New Brunswick and Oxford: Transaction Books, 1987), p 303.
4. John D. Martz, Politics and Petroleum in Ecuador (New Brunswick and Oxford: Transaction Books, 1987), pp 381, 400.
Chapter 27. Panama: Another Presidential Death
1. Graham Greene, Getting to Know the General (New York: Pocket Books, 1984), p 11.
2. George Shultz was secretary of the Treasury and chairman of the Council on Economic Policy under Nixon-Ford, 1972–1974, executive president or president of Bechtel, 1974–1982, secretary of state under Reagan-Bush, 1982–1989; Caspar Weinberger was director of the Office of Management and Budget and secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare under Nixon-Ford, 1973–75, vice president and general counsel of Bechtel Group, 1975–80, secretary of defense under Reagan-Bush, 1980–87.
3. During the 1973 Watergate hearings, in his testimony before the U.S. Senate, John Dean was the first to disclose U.S. plots to assassinate Torrijos; in 1975, at Senate inquiries into the CIA, chaired by Senator Frank Church, additional testimony and documentation of plans to kill both Torrijos and Noriega were presented. See, for example, Manuel Noriega with Peter Eisner, The Memoirs of Manuel Noriega, America’s Prisoner (New York: Random House, 1997), p 107.
Chapter 28. My Energy Company, Enron, and George W. Bush
1. For additional information on IPS, its wholly-owned subsidiary Archbald Power Corporation, and former CEO John Perkins, see Jack M. Daly and Thomas J. Duffy, “Burning Coal’s Waste at Archbald,” Civil Engineering, July 1988; Vince Coveleskie, “Co-Generation Plant Attributes Cited,” The Scranton Times, October 17, 1987; Robert Curran, “Archbald Facility Dedicated,” Scranton Tribune, October 17, 1987; “Archibald Plant Will Turn Coal Waste into Power,” Citizen’s Voice, Wilkes-Barre, PA, June 6, 1988; “Liabilities to Assets: Culm to Light, Food,” editorial, Citizen’s Voice, Wilkes-Barre, PA, June 7, 1988.
2. Joe Conason, “The George W. Bush Success Story,” Harpers Magazine, February 2000; Craig Unger, “Saving the Saudis,” Vanity Fair, October 2003, p 165.
3. Craig Unger, “Saving the Saudis,” Vanity Fair, October 2003, p 178.
4. See George Lardner Jr. and Lois Romano, “The Turning Point After Coming Up Dry,” Washington Post, July 30, 1999; Joe Conason, “The George W. Bush Success Story,” Harpers Magazine, February 2000; and Sam Parry, “The Bush Family Oiligarchy — Part Two: The Third Generation,” http://www.newnetizen.com/presidential/bushoiligarchy.htm (accessed April 19, 2002).
5. This theory took on new significance and seemed ready to fall under the spotlight of public scrutiny when, years later, it became clear that the highly respected accounting firm of Arthur Andersen had conspired with Enron executives to cheat energy consumers, Enron employees, and the American public out of billions of dollars. The impending 2003 Iraq war pushed the spotlight away. During the war, Bahrain played a critical role in President George W. Bush’s strategy.
Chapter 29. I Take a Bribe
1. Jim Garrison, American Empire: Global Leader or Rogue Power? (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler Publishers, Inc., 2004), p 38.
Chapter 30. The United States Invades Panama
1. Manuel Noriega with Peter Eisner, The Memoirs of Manuel Noriega, America’s Prisoner (New York: Random House, 1997), p 56.
2. David Harris, Shooting the Moon: The True Story of an American Manhunt Unlike Any Other, Ever (Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 2001), p 31–34.
3. David Harris, Shooting the Moon: The True Story of an American Manhunt Unlike Any Other, Ever (Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 2001), p 43.
4. Manuel Noriega with Peter Eisner, The Memoirs of Manuel Noriega, America’s Prisoner (New York: Random House, 1997), p 212; see also Craig Unger, “Saving the Saudis,” Vanity Fair, October 2003, p 165.