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John of Salisbury, 218-19

John of Winterthur, chronicler, 34-5, 36

Judith, queen of France, 150

Justin Martyr, 2–3,9,156

Kilian, St, martyr, 212

Kyteler, Lady Alice, of Kilkenny, 198-204, 226, 227, 232

“Ladies of the night”, 210-19 See also Benandanti

La Faille, G., historian of Toulouse, 137

Lamothe-Langon, Baron de (Etienne Léon de Lamothe), 132-8,141,164; invents first witch-hunt, 132-6, 138-41; career of, 136-8; professional fabricator, 138

Lancre, Pierre de, on witches, 137

Langton, Walter de, bishop of Coventry, 180 n.

Larner, Christina, 255 n.

Lateran Council, 1179, 32

Lateran Council, 1215,23, 25

Laxdaela, 149

Ledrede, Richard de, bishop of Ossory, 198, 200-2, 203, 209

Le Franc, Martin, poet, 237

Lemegeton (Lesser Key of Solomon), 166-9,170-1,173

Lerner, Robert E., 36 n.

Le Roy Ladurie, Emmanuel, 107

Lex Ribuaria, 149

Lex Salica; See Pactus legis Salicae

Liber sacer (Sworn book of Honorius), 178

Limborch, Philipp van, historian of Inquisition, 136

Livy,10–11

Llorente, Giovanni Antonio, historian of lnquisition, 134

Lombardi, Guillen, canon lawyer, 195

Lorin, chamberlain of Guichard, 188-9,190

Lothair I, emperor, 150,154

Lothair, king of Lorraine, 150,151

Louis I (the Pious), emperor, 150, 158

Louis XII, king of France, 41

Luciferan doctrine, alleged, 30, 34-5, 36,38,56-7

Lucius III, pope, 23

Lull, Ramon, mystic, 81

Macfarlane, Alan, xiii, 160, 246-7, 248

Magic, condenmed as demonworship, 155-9 See also maleficium; magic, ritual

Magic, ritual or ceremonial, xiii, 164-73; books of, 167-9; aims of, 169, 178-9; techniques of, 169-70; not Satanic, 169-70,178-9; demons in, 164-73 5 Aquinas on, 174-5; John XXII on, 176,192-3; Eymeric on, 177; as heresy, 177; attributed to Boniface VIII, 182-51; attributed to Guichard, 188; clerics involved in, 195; trials for, in France, 195-7; in Kyteler case, 199-204; in Simmerthal case, 204; in early Swiss trials, 226

Maleficium, maleficia, 99-100,101-2, 104,117,145-64.170,173.175, 179,192,195-6,198–200, 204-5, 226,229, 237,238. Before 1300: at court, 147-8,150-1; murderous, 147-8,154,187-8,197,198-9, 205; affecting sex-life, 150-2,196-7; affecting animals and crops, 152-3, 205; penalties and reprisals for, 148-50,154-5,158-60; Church’s attitude to, 155-60; and accusatory procedure, 160-3. After 1300: new notions of, 164,170,173,179, 204-5; attributed to Guichard, 187-8; to enemies of John XXII, 192; in Kyteler case, 198–200; in Simmerthal case, 204; in early Swiss trials, 226; in early French trials, 229; not always a feature, 237,238,252; at village level, 23951; in Canton Lucerne, 239-43; in Devonshire, 243-6; social significance of, 246-8; women as makers of, 248-9; midwives as makers of, 249; folk-medicine and, 249-50; and “white witches”, 250-1

Malleus Maleficarum, 163, 225,251

Manichecs, accusations against, 17

Map, Walter, 21, 30,160,234

Marcellus, bishop of Apamea, 68

Marcus Aurelius, 3,4,14

Margueronne de Bellevillette, fortune-teller, 189

Marigny, Enguerrand de, 186,190

Marion la Droituriere, burned in Paris, 196

Martianus Capella, encyclopaedist, 208-9

Martello, Leo, 108

Mathers, S. L. M., 170

Martin V, pope, 50

Martin, Waldensian “barbe”, 40-1