Tirel, Walter, ref 1
tithings, ref 1, ref 2
tombs: prehistoric, ref 1
see also burial
Tostig, Earl of the Northumbrians, ref 1
tournaments, ref 1
Tower of London: in Peasants’ Revolt, ref 1
Edward V and Richard of York confined and murdered in (‘Princes in the Tower’), ref 1, ref 2
towns: Anglo-Saxon development, ref 1
populations, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
free men in, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
fortified, ref 1, ref 2
grow under Plantagenets, ref 1
trade and manufacture, ref 1
communal government, ref 1, ref 2
character and conditions, ref 1
crafts and businesses, ref 1
civic rituals and routines, ref 1
literacy levels, ref 1
origins, ref 1
post-Roman, ref 1
see also villages
Towton, battle of (1461), ref 1
toys (children’s), ref 1
trade: Bronze Age, ref 1
in iron, ref 1, ref 2
with Vikings, ref 1, ref 2
wool, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
fifteenth century, ref 1, ref 2
trailbaston (courts), ref 1
traveclass="underline" in medieval period, ref 1
Tresilian, Robert, ref 1
Trevelyan, George Macaulay, ref 1
Trevet, Nicholas, ref 1
trial by ordeal, ref 1
Trinovantes (tribe), ref 1, ref 2
troubadours, ref 1
Tudor family, ref 1
Tudor, Jasper see Pembroke, Earl of
Tudor, Owen, ref 1
Tusser, Thomas, ref 1
Twynyho, Ankarette, ref 1
Tyler, Wat, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
umbrella: introduced, ref 1
universities, ref 1
urn fields, ref 1
Usamah ibn Munqidh, ref 1
Varausius, ref 1
Vergil, Polydore, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4
Verulamium, ref 1
Vespasian, Roman Emperor, ref 1
Vikings (Norsemen): raids, ref 1, ref 2
villages: beginnings, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4
Iron Age, ref 1
regional variations, ref 1
Anglo-Saxon, ref 1
thrive under Henry II, ref 1
customs and traditions, ref 1
deserted, ref 1, ref 2
see also towns
villeins, ref 1, ref 2
violence: prevalence in medieval times, ref 1
Visigoths, ref 1
Vita Edwardi Secundi, ref 1
Vortigern (or Wyrtgeorn), ref 1
Voxe, John, ref 1
Wakefield, battle of (1460), ref 1
Wales: Agricola conquers, ref 1
name, ref 1
subdued by Harold and Tostig, ref 1
William Rufus moves against, ref 1
Henry I’s settlements in, ref 1
King John subdues, ref 1
Edward I campaigns against, ref 1, ref 2
castles, ref 1
Edward II born in, ref 1
supports Henry VI, ref 1
and Henry Tudor’s bid for throne, ref 1
and English monarchy, ref 1
union with England (1536), ref 1
Wallace, William, ref 1, ref 2
Walsingham, ref 1
Walsingham, Thomas, ref 1
Walter of Maidstone, ref 1
Walworth, William, ref 1
Wansdyke, ref 1
Warbeck, Perkin (‘Richard IV’), ref 1, ref 2
warrior aristocracy: in Bronze Age, ref 1
Wars of the Roses: origins, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
outbreak, ref 1, ref 2
conduct of, ref 1, ref 2
effect on English noble families, ref 1
end, ref 1
and claims to throne, ref 1
Warwick, Edward, Earl of (Clarence’s son), ref 1, ref 2
Warwick, Richard Neville, Earl of (‘the kingmaker’): supports Richard of York in Wars of the Roses, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
commands forces in Calais, ref 1, ref 2
invades England with Salisbury, ref 1
and Edward IV’s marriage, ref 1
alliance with Margaret of Anjou, ref 1
seeks alliance with France, ref 1
instigates rebellion of Robin of Redesdale, ref 1
as effective ruler after capture of Edward IV, ref 1
and Lincolnshire rebellion (1470), ref 1
lands at Exmouth with Clarence (1470), ref 1
rules after release of Henry VI, ref 1
and Edward IV’s return from continent, ref 1
killed at Barnet (1471), ref 1
character and achievements, ref 1
Louis XI supports, ref 1
Warwick, Thomas de Beauchamp, Earl of, ref 1, ref 2
water: significance in Bronze Age, ref 1
Watling Street, ref 1
Watton, Yorkshire, ref 1
Waurin, Jean de, ref 1
Wessex (and West Saxons): settled, ref 1
power, ref 1
threatened by Vikings, ref 1
Westminster Abbey: Henry III rebuilds, ref 1, ref 2
Richard II reburied in, ref 1
Elizabeth Woodville takes sanctuary in, ref 1, ref 2
Westminster Halclass="underline" parliament in, ref 1
Wharram Percy, Yorkshire, ref 1
wheat: cultivation, ref 1
White Ship: sunk (1120), ref 1
Whittlesford, Cambridgeshire, ref 1
William I (the Conqueror), King: relations with pope, ref 1
employs Breton forces, ref 1
oath of loyalty to, ref 1
kingship, ref 1
claims English crown, ref 1
background and character, ref 1, ref 2
invades and conquers England, ref 1
rule in England, ref 1, ref 2
and English rebellions, ref 1
hunting, ref 1
commissions Domesday Book, ref 1
death, ref 1
brings Jews to England, ref 1
William I (the Lion), King of Scotland (1209), ref 1
William II (Rufus), King of England: reign, ref 1
death, ref 1
achievements, ref 1
calls assembly, ref 1
policy on Jews, ref 1
William Adeline, Prince (son of Henry I), ref 1, ref 2
William of Norwich, ref 1
William of Savoy, ref 1
William of Wakeham, ref 1
Wilton Diptych, ref 1
Winchester: Roman name (Venta Belgarum), ref 1
as Camelot, ref 1
pilgrimages to, ref 1
street plan, ref 1
windmills: first constructed, ref 1
Windsor Castle: Edward III rebuilds, ref 1
wine: imported by Normans, ref 1
witenagemot, ref 1, ref 2
Wolsey, Cardinal Thomas: relations with monarch, ref 1
on Richard III as usurper, ref 1
wolves: in England, ref 1
women: dress legislation, ref 1
woods and forests, ref 1
Woodville family, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
wooclass="underline" products under Romans, ref 1
exports under Henry III, ref 1
taxed, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
exports maintained during Black Death, ref 1
English exporters exceed foreign, ref 1
cloth exports increase in fifteenth century, ref 1
economic importance, ref 1
Wroxeter, ref 1
Wulfstan, Bishop of Worcester (and Archbishop of York), ref 1, ref 2
Wycliffe, John, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
yard: as unit of measurement, ref 1
Yeavering, Northumberland, ref 1
yeomen of the guard, ref 1
Yevele, Henry, ref 1
York (city): as Roman capital of Britannia Inferior, ref 1
Constantine appointed emperor at (306), ref 1
archbishopric, ref 1
Athelstan conquers, ref 1
Danish Vikings capture, ref 1
wealth and power under Danes, ref 1, ref 2
population, ref 1, ref 2
William the Conqueror attacks, ref 1
self-immolation of Jews, ref 1
guildhall rebuilt, ref 1
York family: in Wars of Roses, ref 1, ref 2
York, Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of, ref 1, ref 2
York, Richard, Duke of: commands English forces, ref 1, ref 2
as heir to throne, ref 1
protects John Paston, ref 1
return from Ireland and conflict with Somerset, ref 1
claim on throne, ref 1, ref 2
in Wars of Roses, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
and protection of Calais, ref 1
reigns, ref 1
killed at Wakefield, ref 1
Zosimus, ref 1
By the same author
Non-Fiction
London: The Biography
Albion: The Origins of the English Imagination
The Collection: Journalism, Reviews, Essays, Short Stories
Lectures Edited by Thomas Wright
Thames: Sacred River
Venice: Pure City
Fiction
The Great Fire of London
The Last Testament of Oscar Wilde
Hawksmoor
Chatterton
First Light
English Music
The House of Doctor Dee
Dan Leno and the Limehouse Golem
Milton in America
The Plato Papers
The Clerkenwell Tales