21. Letter J.G. Johnston to J.E. Holt, June 14, 1938, p. 2, Department of Justice, War Division, Economic Warfare Section, NA RG60; Bruno Blau, “The Jewish Population of Germany 1939-1945,” Jewish Social Studies, p . 162.
22. “Goering Starts Final Liquidation of Jewish Property in Germany,” NYT, April 28, 1938.
23. “Youth Beheaded by Reich,” NYT, December 22, 1938; “Treatment of Prisoners in Concentration Camp at Buchenwald,” B.L. Bracey to Lord Halifax, December 28, 1938, PRO FO 371/21757; “Nazi Tortures Detailed by Britain; Concentration Camp Horrors Told,” NYT, October 31, 1939; “Anti-Jewish Drive Covers All Reich; Arrests Mounting,” NYT, June 19, 1938; “Memorandum of the Concentration Camp at Sachsenhausen,” PRO FO 371/230006; “1,410,000 Nazis’ Captives,” NYT, October 31, 1939.
24. “25 More Lose Citizenship,” NYT, March 4, 1936; “Reich Bars Jews in Trade, Fines Them Billion Marks; Cardinal’s Palace Stoned,” NYT, November 13, 1938; “Half of the Persecuted in Reich Are Christians,” NYT, November 18, 1938; “Viennese Unhappy Under Nazi Rule,” NYT, December 28, 1938.
25. “Berlin Raids Reply to Death of Envoy,” NYT, November 10, 1938; “Anti-Jewish Measures and Treatment of Jews in Germany,” Dr. Bruno Stern, Beresford to Sir S. Gaselee, January 13, 1939, p. 4, PRO FO 371-19918; “Nazis Smash, Loot and Burn Jewish Shops and Temples Until Goebbels Calls Halt,” NYT, November 11, 1938.
26. “Nazis Smash, Loot and Burn Jewish Shops and Temples Until Goebbels Calls Halt,” NYT, November 11, 1938; “Anti-Jewish Measures and Treatment of Jews in Germany,” Dr. Bruno Stern, Beresford to Sir S. Gaselee, January 13, 1939, PRO FO 371-19918.
27. “Nazis Smash, Loot and Burn Jewish Shops and Temples Until Goebbels Calls Halt,” NYT, November 11, 1938; “Anti-Jewish Measures and Treatment of Jews in Germany,” Dr. Bruno Stern, Beresford to Sir S. Gaselee, January 13, 1939, PRO FO 371-19918.
28. “Nazis Smash, Loot and Burn Jewish Shops and Temples Until Goebbels Calls Halt,” NYT, November 11, 1938.
29. “Nazis Smash, Loot and Burn Jewish Shops and Temples Until Goebbels Calls Halt,” NYT, November 11, 1938.
30. “Washington Calls Envoy from Berlin,” NYT, November 15, 1938; Haskel Lookstein, Were We Our Brothers’ Keepers? The Public Response of American Jews to the Holocaust, 1938-1944 (Toronto: Hartmore House, 1985; New York: Vintage Books, 1988), p. 42; “U.S. and British Voters Found Skeptical on Hitler Pledge to End Demands in Europe,” NYT, November 11, 1938; “Hungary Curbing Nazis,” NYT, July 13, 1938; American History in the 20th Century, “The House on Un-American Activities Committee’s Hearings and the People It Affected,” dorit.ihi.ku.dk/.
31. “Jews Are Ordered to Leave Munich,” NYT, November 11, 1938; “Reich Jews’ Flats Causing Scramble,” NYT, November 28, 1938; see “Reich Orders Ouster of Stateless Jews,” NYT, May 19, 1939.
32. “Extremists Sway Nazis and Jews Are Menaced with More Drastic Rule,” NYT, November 14, 1938; “Jews in Germany Get Extermination Threat,” NYT, November 30, 1938.
33. Letter, J.E. Holt to J.G. Johnston, June 2, 1938, Department of Justice, War Division, Economic Warfare Section, NA RG60; Letter, Thomas J. Watson to Cordell Hull, September 23, 1939, NA RG59 600.00171/386.
34. “Reich in Great Need of Raw Materials,” NYT, November 17, 1936; “Germans Are Asked to Economize on Fats,” NYT, January 26, 1936; “Plane Designers Win Nazi Awards,” NYT, September 7, 1938; “Germans Anxious Over 1937 Events,” NYT, January 1, 1937; “Germany Puts Planes in Terrible War Role,” NYT, March 19, 1936; “Reich Restricting Passenger Trains,” NYT, February 4, 1939; “Reports Nazi Mobilization Plan,” NYT, January 16, 1937.
35. “U.S. Trade Efforts Lauded by Watson,” NYT, January 25, 1938; also see “Hull Sees Danger in Autarky’s Rise,” NYT, May 26, 1938; “Watson Back from Tour: Manufacturer Finds ‘Best Ever’ Business in Europe,” NYT, November 18, 1938; see “World Team Work Asked by Watson,” NYT, November 23, 1938; “Approves Trade Treaties: Thomas J. Watson at Vassar Hails Pacts As Peace Aid,” NYT, April 14, 1938; “Watson for Freer Trade,” NYT, April 24, 1937; “Reich in Great Need of Raw Materials,” NYT, November 17, 1936; “Germans Are Asked to Economize on Fats,” NYT, January 26, 1936.
36. “Nazi Prosecution Bars Trade Pacts,” NYT, April 24, 1937; Transcript, Seventeenth Annual Dinner, American Section, International Chamber of Commerce, May 2, 1938, Hagley Accession 1960, Box 8.
37. Thomas J. Watson, Men, Minutes, Money: A Collection of Excerpts From Talks and Messages Delivered and Written at Various Times (New York: International Business Machines, 1934), pp. 781, 885.
38. Draft Letter, Thomas J. Watson to Dr. Hjalmar Schacht, November 25, 1938, IBM Files.
39. Draft Letter, Thomas J. Watson to Dr. Hjalmar Schacht, November 25, 1938, IBM Files.
40. Letter, Thomas J. Watson to Adolph Hitler, November 25, 1938, IBM Files.
41. Letter, Thomas J. Watson to Adolph Hitler, November 25, 1938, IBM Files; Secretary’s Follow-Up, March 7, 1939, IBM Files; Thomas J. Watson, Jr., and Peter Petre, Father, Son & Co.: My Life at IBM and Beyond (New York: Bantam Books, 1990), p. 44.
42. “Watson Back from Tour,” NYT, November 18, 1938; compare to Letter, Thomas J. Watson to Cordell Hull, September 5, 1938, NA RG59 600.00171/386; “Foreigners Studying in Company School,” NYT, May 9, 1939.
43. “Foreigners Studying in Company School,” NYT, May 9, 1939; Transcript, 18th Annual Dinner, ICC American Section, May 1, 1939, Hagley Accession 1960; William Rodgers, Think: A Biography of the Watsons and IBM (New York: Stein and Day, 1969), p. 74.
44. “World Team Work Asked by Watson,” NYT, November 23, 1938; “T.J. Watson Asks Resources Parley,” NYT, June 27, 1939; Transcript, 18th Annual Dinner, ICC American Section, May 1, 1939, Hagley Accession 1960.
45. Letter, J.E. Holt to J.G. Johnston, June 2, 1938, Department of Justice, War Division, Economic Warfare Section, NA RG60; Protocol, Decisions Taken During Shareholders Meeting, June 24, 1938, IBM Files.
46. Shareholders’ Meeting Minutes, June 24, 1938, p. 1, IBM Files; Protocol, Decisions Taken During Shareholders Meeting, June 24, 1938, pt. 6, IBM Files.
47. Joint Letter, H. Rottke and K. Hummel to O.L. Gubelman, July 6, 1938, p. 2, IBM Files.
48. Joint Letter, H. Rottke and K. Hummel to O.L. Gubelman, July 6, 1938, p. 2, IBM Files.
49. Joint Letter, H. Rottke and K. Hummel to O.L. Gubelman, July 6, 1938, p. 2, IBM Files.
50. Joint Letter, H. Rottke and K. Hummel to O.L. Gubelman, July 6, 1938, p. 2, IBM Files.
51. Joint Letter, H. Rottke and K. Hummel to O.L. Gubelman, July 6, 1938, p. 2, IBM Files.
52. Letters, Thomas J. Watson to J.E. Holt, August 2, 1938, IBM Files.
53. Letter, J.C. Milner to J.T. Wilson, August 4, 1938, IBM Files.