32.The main challenge of strengthening national defense in the medium term is the transition towards a qualitatively new profile for the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, while maintaining the potential of the strategic nuclear forces, by improving the organizational staff structure and system of territorially-based troops and forces, increasing the number of divisions at constant readiness, and likewise improving operations and combat training, as well as improving the organization of interaction among different troops and forces.
To this end, the recruitment system of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies is being clarified, including personnel training and development of relevant infrastructure; optimal standby mechanisms are being developed; the prestige of military service and officers’ status is being enhanced; and likewise government programs and contracts are being executed for the development, creation, and modernization of arms, military and specialist technology, including means of communication, reconnaissance, electronic warfare, and command control.
33.In the medium term, the transition towards a single system of contracts by the federal organs of executive power for armaments, military and specialist technology to supply the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies, should be completed, as should the transition to a unified system of logistics and technical support. Normative legal regulation of the maintenance of supplies of material resources in the state- and mobilization reserve should be achieved and likewise the collaboration with other states in the area of military security.
34.The restructuring, optimization and development of the military-industrial complex of the Russian Federation in the medium term corresponds to the resolution of challenges regarding the comprehensive and timely provision of modern armaments and specialized technology to the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies.
2. STATE AND PUBLIC SECURITY
35.Strategic national security objectives in the sphere of state and public security are the protection of Russia’s constitutional system, of the basic rights and freedoms of the individual and the citizen, of the sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of the Russian Federation, and likewise the preservation of civil peace, political and social stability.
36.For the provision of national security in the domain of long-term state and public security, the Russian Federation starts from the necessity of constant improvements to law enforcement measures for the exposure, prevention, disruption, and discovery of acts of terrorism, extremism, and other criminal infringements on the rights and freedoms of the individual and the citizen, on property, on social order and public security, and on the constitutional system of the Russian Federation.
37.The main threats to national security in the sphere of state and public security are as follows:
—investigative or other activity by the special services and organizations of foreign countries and likewise by individual persons, directed at causing harm to the security of the Russian Federation;
—the activity of terrorist organizations, groups and individuals, directed at violent changes to the constitutional system of the Russian Federation, the disruption of normal functioning of state bodies (including violent action against governmental, political and social actors), the destruction of military or industrial sites, enterprises and institutions providing for vital social activities, and intimidation of the population, including by means of nuclear and chemical weapons or dangerous radioactive, chemical, and biological substances;
—the extremist activity of nationalist, religious, ethnic or other organizations and structures, directed at destroying the unity and territorial integrity of the Russian Federation, destabilization of the internal political and social situation in the country;
—the activity of transnational criminal organizations and groupings, connected to illegal trafficking of narcotic and psychotropic substances, weapons, ammunition, and explosive substances;
—the persistent growth of criminal acts, directed against the individual, property, state power, public and economic security, and likewise acts connected to corruption.
38.The main long-term directions of state policy in the sphere of state and public security must be the reinforcement of the role of the state as guarantor of the security of the individual, first of all children and adolescents; the improvement of normative legal regulation of the fight against and prevention of criminality, corruption, terrorism, and extremism; more effective defense of the rights and lawful interests of Russian citizens abroad; and the expansion of global collaboration in law enforcement.
39.Long-term state and public security will likewise be supported by the increased effectiveness of law-enforcement organs and special services, by the creation of a single state system for the prevention of criminality (first of all concerning minors) and of other unlawful acts, a system which will encompass monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of law enforcement practices, and developing and applying special measures directed at reducing the level of corruption and criminalization of social relations.
40.In order to ensure state and public security:
—the structures and activity of federal organs of executive power are being improved, a National Anticorruption Plan is being implemented, a system of discovery and response to the global threats and crises of modernity is being developed, including international and national terrorism, political and religious extremism, nationalism and ethnic separatism;
—mechanisms for the forecasting and neutralization of social and interethnic conflicts are being created;
—a long-term concept for the comprehensive development and improvement of law-enforcement organs and special services is being formulated, social guarantees for their employees are being strengthened, scientific-technical support for law enforcement activity is being improved, promising specialist means and technologies are being adopted, a system of professional cadre training is being developed in the area of state and public security;
—a regime of secure functioning of the enterprises, organizations and institutions belonging to the country’s military-industrial, nuclear, chemical, and nuclear energy complexes, and likewise of essential support systems for the life of the population;
—the social responsibility of bodies providing state and public security is being increased.
41.One of the conditions of national security is the reliable defense and protection of the state borders of the Russian Federation.
The main threats to the border-related interests and security of the Russian Federation are the presence and possible escalation of armed conflicts near its state borders, the Security threats to borders include the activity of international terrorist and extremist organizations which base their emissaries and terrorist means in Russia and organize sabotage on Russian territory, and likewise the increased activity of transnational criminal groupings engaged in the illegal transfer across the Russian border of narcotic and psychotropic substances, goods and cargo, water and biological resources, other material and cultural valuables, and in the organization of channels for illegal migration.
A negative effect on the reliable defense and protection of Russia’s state borders is exerted by the insufficient level of development of border infrastructure and of technological equipment for border-related bodies.
42.The resolution of border security problems is achieved by creating high-tech and multifunctional border complexes, particularly on the borders with the Republic of Kazakhstan, Ukraine, Georgia, and Azerbaijan, and likewise by increasing the effectiveness of state border defense, particularly in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, the Far East, and on the Caspian.