CHAPTER XV: AFTER MAGELLAN
The full text of Elcano’s evasive letter to King Charles is reprinted by Morison (pp. 471–473).
Mitchell (pp. 178–182) provides the relevant documents pertaining to the subsequent inquiry into the expedition, and Joyner (p. 242) tells of Juan Rodríguez’s fate. Espinosa’s last days are accounted for by Joyner (pp. 265, 277–278) and Morison (p. 456). Morison (p. 477) also discusses the ill-fated Guadiana River conference. Those seeking still more detailed information on lawsuits arising from the loss of the armada’s ships should consult the Special Collections Department of the Brandeis University Libraries; documents there shed light on Cristóbal de Haro’s efforts to recover the cost of backing the expedition.
Accounts of Elcano’s last voyage and death can be found in Mitchell (pp. 148–157), Morison (pp. 475–483), Parry, The Discovery of the Sea (p. 257), and Nowell (p. 338).
Lawrence C. Wroth’s Early Cartography of the Pacific (pp. 149–150) details the ultimate outcome of the struggle between Spain and Portugal for the control of the Spice Islands.
The mournful tale of Victoria’s final voyage is told by Parry (p. 261), Joyner (p. 243), and Mitchell (pp. 106–107).
Index
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Abba (god), 252
abortion, 266
Abuleis, Rajah of Ternate, 346
Acurio, Juan de, 392, 393
Adelmo, Santo, 114
Adrian of Utrecht, Cardinal, 30, 310, 311
Africa, 12, 15, 74–75, 232, 236, 238, 331, 376
Age of Discovery, 2, 98, 414
books on travel in, 79–84
classical revival in, 10
concept of autopsis in, 84–85
cosmology of, 2–3, 9–11
Europe’s perception of the world in, 73–79
invention of printing in, 24
maps in, 10–11
Portuguese exploration in, 15–16
Prester John legend in, 76–81, 82
spice trade in, 11–14
Age of Faith, 79, 98
Aguilar, Hernando de, 297
Agulhas current, 383
albacore, 206
albatross, 376
Albo, Francisco, 63, 96, 128, 175, 178, 189, 190, 205, 206–7, 213, 254, 255, 315, 320, 376, 383, 386, 387, 388, 392, 393, 399–400, 401, 403, 423n
Alcazaba, Simón de, 412
Alexander III, Pope, 78
Alexander VI, Pope, 7–9
Alfonso X, King of Spain, 69
alguacil, 115
Almanzor, King of Tidore, 341–44, 346, 347, 350–51, 356–59, 361, 362, 364, 366, 380
Almeida, Francisco de, 18
Alor Strait, 369
Álvares, Sebastián, 50–53
Amaban, Timor, 371
Amazon River, 96
Amazons, legend of, 83, 373
ampolletas (sand clocks), 110
Amsterdam Island, 376
Andes Mountains, 172, 179
Andrew of Bristol, 229
Andrews Bay, 190
anjeo (linen), 107
anticyclones, 383
Antilles, 413
anti-Semitism, 16
António de Lisboa, Santo, 114
apprentices (grumetes), 112
Aranda, Juan de, 29–30, 56
Areche, Juan de, 264
Argensola, Bartolomé Leonardo de, 340
Argentina, 118, 124
Argot, Roland de, 389, 407
Arimaspi tribe, 74
Armada de Moluccas, see Magellan, Ferdinand, expedition of
armor, 247–48
arquebus, 247, 339
Arratia, Juan de, 393
Asia, 12, 13, 75, 81, 176, 213, 223, 232, 236
astrology, 9–10
Atean, 339
Atlantic Ocean, 69–70, 72, 204
Australia, 237, 376
autopsis, concept of, 84–85
Ayamonte, Martín de, 371
Azore Islands, 389
Bacan, 339, 345, 346, 352, 353, 360–61, 362
Bahamas, 76
Bahía Blanca, 128
Bahía de los Patos (Duck Bay), 128
Baibai, 255
Bajau (sea gypsies), 335–36
Balboa, Vasco Nuñez de, 120
Baldaya, Alfonso Gonçalves, 15
Bali, 372
Bandan, 352, 357
Banda Sea, 369
Barassa (seaman), 422n
Barbara, Santa, 114
barber, ship’s, 113
Barbosa, Beatriz, 26, 38, 188, 205, 292, 304–5
in Magellan’s will, 64–66
Barbosa, Diogo, 26, 86–87, 306, 408
Barbosa, Duarte, 26, 62, 94, 102, 140, 141, 314, 373
appointed captain of Victoria, 160
clove trees described by, 345
death of, 296, 297, 305
elected co-commander, 292
Enrique’s confrontation with, 292–93
Magellan’s letter to, 195–96
Barrasa, Diego, 168–69
Barreta, Martín, 264
Barros, João de, 40, 343
Basques, 330–31
Bastião (native pilot), 320
bats (flying foxes), 254
Bautista, Juan, 339
Bay of Toil, 131
Beagle, HMS, 156, 185
Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, 406, 416n
Belgium, 307
Benaconora, 380
Bergen, Hans, 229
Bertoa, 97
betel nut, 227, 249
Bigfeet Indians, see Tehuelche Indians
Bikar, 213
Bikini, 213
Bimini, 76
Birahan Batolach, 338
birds of paradise, 362–63
boars, 334
boatswain (contramaestre), 114
Boemia, Martin de (Martin Behaim), 176
bonito, 206
Book of the Sea (Livro da Marinharia), 96
Borgia, Alfonso, 7
Borja, Rodrigo de, see Alexander VI, Pope
Borneo, 231, 318, 425n
Brazil, 9, 16, 52, 66, 105, 314
discovery of, 96–98
exploration of, 119–21
indigenous tribes of, 98–100
naming of, 97
Brito, António de, 379–82, 429n
Brunei, 320–27, 394
Chinese influence in, 326
end of sojourn in, 332–33
European hostages in, 326–30
junks attacked in, 327–28
royal audience in, 325–26
Burgos, Simón de, 387–88, 407
Burma, 79
Bustamente, Hernando, 113–14, 392, 393, 399–400, 402, 403
Cabaio, 338–39
Cabalizao, 338–39
Cabot, Sebastian, 409, 411
Cabo Tormentosa, 375
Cabral, Pedro Álvares, 96
Caghaian, 318
Caion, 369
Calanoa (native), 316–18
Callistus III, Pope, 7
Calmette, Bernard de, 152
Camanuca, 338–39
Camões, Luis de, 340, 428n
Campos, Juan de, 377
Canal de Todos los Santos, 196, 197
Canary Islands, 85–87, 154, 300
cannibalism, 99, 100–101, 187, 226, 337–38, 369
cannons (lombardas), 246–47
cap (bonete), 107
cape (capote de la mar), 107
Cape Agulhas, 384
Cape Bojador, 14–15
Cape Corrientes, 123
Cape Desire, 200
Cape of Good Hope, 15, 198, 352, 368, 374–75
Cape of the Eleven Thousand Virgins, 175, 194
Cape Saint Augustine, 96
Cape St. Mary, 352
Cape Saint Vincent, 389–90
Cape Santa Maria, 105
Cape Town, 384
Cape Verde Islands, 8–9, 385–89, 406–7
Caphi, 369
captain, position of, 115
caravels, 14–15
Carmona, Diego, 393
Caroline Islands, 218–19
Cartagena, Juan de, 50, 54, 87, 104, 148, 195–96, 255, 283, 298, 300, 301, 304, 305, 421n, 426n
appointed to expedition, 46–47, 55
court-martial of, 152–53
in Easter Mutiny, 136, 138, 143, 302
marooned, 170–71
mutinous plots and acts of, 88, 92, 93–95, 102, 136, 138, 143, 152–53, 302
Carvalho, João Lopes, 168, 178, 294, 296, 320, 327, 344
appointed captain of Trinidad, 366
in Brazil sojourn, 97, 104–5