Б-156 • БОЙ-БАБА; БОЙ-ДЕВКА both coll [NP; usu. subj-compl with быть0 (subj: human, female)] a clever, brave, determined woman or girclass="underline" X — бой-баба (бой-девка) = X is one helluva (hell of a) woman (girl); X is quite a woman (girl); X is a real firecracker.
Б-157 • ДАВАТЬ/ДАТЬ БОЙ (кому) [VP; subj: human or collect; fixed WO] to speak out against, criticize s.o. openly, boldly: X дал бой (Y-у) = X rose up (in arms) against Y; X put up a fight; X crossed swords with Y; X gave battle to Y; [lim] X took a stand against Y.
«Еще в тридцать четвёртом году группа пролетарских писателей давала бой Бухарину, сказавшему, что надо ориентироваться на Пастернака» (Ивинская 1). “Already in 1934 a group of proletarian writers rose up in arms against Bukharin for saying that everyone should take their cue from Pasternak.” (1a).
Б-158 • ОБЪЯВЛЯТЬ/ОБЪЯВИТЬ БОЙ чему [VP; subj: human or collect; fixed WO] to initiate a struggle, begin taking organized action (against sth.—usu. some negative phenomenon): X объявил бой Y-у = X declared war on Y; X waged war against (on) Y; X began a campaign against Y; X started a crusade against Y.
Директор заявил, что пора объявить бой пьянству. The director announced that it was time to declare war on drunkenness.
Б-159 • РВАТЬСЯ В БОЙ [VP; subj: human or collect] to be keen on doing sth. and/or show one’s eagerness to act decisively (in defense of some idea, stand etc, or in order to prove one is right, defeat one’s opponent etc): X рвётся в бой = X is champing at the bit; X is raring to go (to get into the thick of things etc); X is itching to get into the action; X is spoiling (itching) for a fight; [lim] X wants to plunge ahead.
Однажды был такой разговор с Ритой: «Ну, что ты вычитала в этой книге? Чем обогатилась?» В тот день она чем-то особенно меня раздражала, я так и рвался в бой. Рита сидела в своём любимом кресле под торшером, курила сигарету и только что
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отговорила с кем-то битый час по телефону. Затянувшись дымом и глядя на меня с необычной внимательностью, она сказала: «Чем обогатилась? Хотя бы тем, что лучше узнала твой характер» (Трифонов 5). I once had the following conversation with Rita: “Well, what did you get out of that book? In what way were you enriched by it?” She had done something particularly irritating that day, and I was just spoiling for a fight. Rita was sitting smoking in her favorite armchair by the standing lamp after having just talked to someone on the phone for a solid hour. Inhaling on her cigarette and gazing at me with unusual attentiveness, she said, “In what way was I enriched by it? Well, if nothing else, I gained a better understanding of your character” (5a).
Б-160 • НЕ БОЙСЯ (БОЙТЕСЬ) coll [VPlmper; these forms only; sent adv (parenth)] there is no need to be concerned, what is stated is or will be so without doubt: not to worry; don’t (you) worry; nothing to worry about; that’s for sure (certain); you can be sure of that.
«Сейчас вам поможем. Сейчас я доктора позову». — «Нет, Прасковья Фёдоровна, не надо доктора звать, — сказал Иванушка, беспокойно глядя не на Прасковью Фёдоровну, а в сте-ну,—со мною ничего особенного такого нет. Я уже разбираюсь теперь, вы не бойтесь» (Булгаков 9). “.We’ll help you right away. I’ll call the doctor.” “No, Praskovya Fyodorovna, don’t call the doctor,” said Ivanushka with a troubled glance, not at her, but at the wall. “There’s nothing wrong with me. I understand things now, don’t worry” (9a).
Б-161 • БОК О БОК; О БОК both coll [these forms only; the resulting phrase is adv] 1. ~ с кем-чем идти, ехать, стоять, находиться и т.п. (to walk, ride, stand, be etc) next to each other, right beside (s.o. or sth.): side by side (with); alongside (of); abreast; [lim] cheek by jowl (with).
.Семён Тетерин и Дудырев, прислонив ружья к стволу берёзы, бок о бок отдыхают, отмахиваются от комаров (Тендряков 1). .Simon Teterin and Dudyrev, with their guns leaning against the trunk of a birch tree, were resting side by side, waving away the mosquitoes (1a).
2. ~ (с кем) жить, работать, воевать и т.п. (of people only) (to live, work, fight etc) together: side by side (with); shoulder to shoulder (with); [lim] cheek by jowl (with).
«Поживу дома, а там услышу, как будут они идтить [ungram-mat = идти] мимо, и пристану к полку», — отстранённо думал он о тех, с кем сражался вчера бок о бок (Шолохов 4). “I’ll have a spell at home and then, when I hear them going past, I’ll slip \out and join them,” he thought indifferently of those with whom only the day before he had been fighting shoulder to shoulder (4a).
Б-162 • (БРАТЬ/ВЗЯТЬ) ЗА БОКА кого highly coll [VP (with subj: human) or PrepP (used as predic, often as im-per)] 1. to censure, blame s.o., holding him responsible for sth. he has done wrong: X взял Y- а за бока = X called Y to account; X called (had) Y on the carpet; X took Y to task.
2. to compel, force s.o. to do sth.: X взял Y- а за бока = X put (turned) the heat on Y; X put the screws on Y; X strong-armed Y; X twisted Y’s arm; X put pressure on Y.
Не приехал бы некий Виктор в гости к брату, тот не выпил бы лишку и не умер, тетя Глаша не отдала бы иконы, Гартвиг их не привёз бы, Нюра не стала бы просить старую икону в больницу как раз в тот момент, когда приятели Кирилла взяли его за бока, и не случилось бы всего остального. (Трифонов 5). If a certain Viktor hadn’t come to visit his brother, the brother wouldn’t have drunk too much and died, Aunt Glasha wouldn’t have given up her ikons, Gartvig wouldn’t have brought them to us, Nyura wouldn’t have started asking for the old ikon in the hospital just at the moment when Kirill’s friends were putting pressure on him, and none of the rest would have happened. (5a).
Б-163 • НАМЯТЬ (НАЛОМАТЬ) БОКА кому substand [VP; subj: human] 1. Also: ПОМЯТЬ (ОБЛОМАТЬ, НАГРЕТЬ) БОКА кому substand (often used as a threat) to beat, thrash s.o.: X намнёт Y- у бока = X will break Y’s ribs; X will crack (break) a few of Y’s ribs; X will knock Y around; X will beat Y up.
«Бока ему [Егорше] наломать надо! С пьяных глаз зашёл к нам — Лизавету за него отдайте» (Абрамов 1). “I’ve got to crack a few ribs for him [Egorsha]! He comes to our house in his cups: ‘Give me Lizaveta to marry,’ he says” (1a).
2. [subj: human (usu. pl) or collect] to overwhelm, defeat s.o. (usu. a hostile army, the enemy): X-ы намяли Y-ам бока = Xs crushed (routed, clobbered) Ys.
3. to scold s.o. severely, criticize s.o. harshly: X намял Y-у бока = X let Y have it (with both barrels); X gave Y what for; X came down hard on Y; X gave Y a tongue-lashing.