Неперестроившихся делили на две группы: одним следовало помочь, других — выбросить за борт, как безнадёжных (Мандельштам 2). The “unreformed” were divided into two groups: those who could be “helped” to see the light and those it only remained to throw overboard as incorrigible (2a).
Б-197 • ЗА БОРТОМ оказаться, остаться, очутиться
[PrepP; Invar; subj-compl with copula (subj: usu. human or concr)] (to end up being) rejected, not included in sth.: X оказался за бортом = X was left out (of sth.); X was thrown out; person X was counted out; person X was left on the sidelines (out in the cold).
В третий «Камень» Мандельштам вернул несколько стихотворений, которые раньше оставались за бортом. (Мандельштам 2). In the third edition of Stone M[andelstam] included a few poems he had left out in the previous editions. (2a).
Б-198 • С БОРУ ДА С СОСЕНКИ набрать, собрать кого-что, собраться и т.п.; С БОРУ ПО СОСЕНКЕ; И
С БОРУ И С СОСЕНКИ all coll, disapprov [PrepP; these forms only; usu. adv or subj-compl with copula (subj: human or concr); fixed WO] (to assemble people or, less often, things, or to come together) unsystematically, arbitrarily: (take (choose) people etc) at random (randomly, haphazardly); a random collection (assortment); [lim] scratch crew (team); a mixed bag (bunch).
На каждом объекте люди с бору да сосенки, во всём ни складу ни ладу. (Иоффе 1). People are chosen at random to do certain jobs, no rhyme or reason to it at all (1a).
Б-199 • СОРОК БОЧЕК АРЕСТАНТОВ наговорить
highly coll [NPaccus; Invar; obj; fixed WO] (to produce) an outpouring of (usu. empty) words: (a lot of) hot air; (a lot of) garbage (blather).
Б-200 • БЕЗДОННАЯ БОЧКА coll [NP; sing only; fixed WO] 1. [usu. subj-compl with copula, nom or instrum (subj: human)] a person who can drink a lot of alcohol without getting drunk: X — бездонная бочка = X drinks like he’s got a hollow leg; X can really hold his liquor.
2. [subj-compl with copula, nom or instrum (subj: usu. a noun denoting an enterprise), or obj] sth. that requires perpetual monetary investments (which fail to bring about the
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desired result): X is like a bottomless pit; X sucks up s.o.‘s money; spending money on X is like pouring your money down the drain.
Б-201 • БОЧКА ДАНАИД lit [NP; sing only; fixed WO] futile, endless work: Danaidean task.
< From Greek mythology. The Danaidae were the 50 daughters of Danaus, 49 of whom were condemned eternally to pour water into a leaky vessel in Hades for having killed their husbands on their wedding night.
Б-202 • КАК БОЧКА highly coll [как + NP; Invar] 1. пить ~ [adv (intensif) ] (to drink liquor) in large quantities: like a fish (a sailor); like there’s no tomorrow.
2. толстый ~ [modif (intensif) ] extremely rotund: (be) (as) fat as a (stuffed) pig; (look (be)) like the side of a house; (be) as round as a barrel; (be) (as) big as a blimp (a balloon).
Б-203 • ПОРОХОВАЯ БОЧКА; ПОРОХОВОЙ ПОГРЕБ
[NP; fixed WO] a dangerous, potentially explosive situation or thing that may bring about drastic repercussions: powder keg.
«.Ты знаешь, на какой пороховой бочке мы живём, в какую клоаку превратился наш остров. Тридцать девять одних только зарегистрированных политических партий. Масса экстремистских групп. Идиотская мода на марксизм распространяется, как инфлуэнца» (Аксёнов 7). “You are well aware that we are living on a powder keg. and you know what a sewer our Island has become. Thirty-nine officially registered political parties. Any number of extremist groups. And Marxism spreading like the flu” (7a).
Б-204 • ВО ВСЯКОЙ (В КАЖДОЙ) БОЧКЕ ЗАТЫЧКА; ВСЯКОЙ (КАЖДОЙ) БОЧКЕ ЗАТЫЧКА all highly coll, disapprov [NP; usu. subj-compl with быть0, nom or in-strum (subj: human); fixed WO] a meddlesome person who wants to take part in everything that is going on: X — ко всякой бочке затычка = X has a finger in every pie; X makes everything his business; X is a busybody (a butt-insky); X butts into everything.
Б-205 • КО ВСЯКОЙ (К кАждой) бочке затычка
highly coll [NP; usu. subj-compl with быть0, nom or in-strum (subj: human); fixed WO] a person who is made to do all kinds of jobs, tasks etc, a person who serves in whatever capacity needed: X — ко всякой бочке затычка = X is a general factotum; [lim] X is chief cook and bottlewasher.
Б-206 • несёт от кого КАК ОТ ПИВНОЙ (ВИННОЙ) БОЧКИ highly coll, disapprov [как + PrepP; these forms only; adv (intensif) ] (of a person who has consumed plenty of alcohol and gives off) a very strong, foul odor: от X-а несёт как от пивной бочки = X smells (reeks) like a beer barrel (like (stale) alcohol); X smells (reeks) as if he has been drinking hard.
Б-207 • КАТИТЬ/ПОКАТИТЬ БОЧКУ на кого highly coll [VP; subj: human] to blame s.o., charge s.o. (usu. a person who is not at fault) with some wrongdoing (for which he is subsequently punished): X катит бочку на Y- а = X is laying (trying to lay) the blame on Y; X is making (trying to make) Y a scapegoat (a whipping boy, a fall guy); X is passing the buck to Y; X is pinning (trying to pin, sticking, trying to stick) it (the blame) on Y.
Б-208 • БРАТЬ/ВЗЯТЬ С БОЮ что [VP] 1. mil [subj: collect or human (pl)] to capture the opponent’s fortifications, territory etc by means of battle: X-ы взяли с бою Y = Xs took Y by force (by storm).
Жители, издали завидев приближающееся войско, разбежались. и окопались в неприступной позиции. Пришлось брать с бою эту позицию. (Салтыков-Щедрин 1). The residents, having seen the troops approaching, had scattered. and entrenched themselves in an inaccessible position. The position would have to be taken by force. (1a). On seeing the approaching soldiers, the inhabitants had fled. entrenching themselves in an impregnable position. This position would have to be taken by storm (1b).
2. [subj: human] to obtain sth. by expending great effort, acting very resolutely: X берёт Y с бою = X fights (tooth and nail) for Y; X sweats for Y; X goes all out for Y; X goes to great pains (lengths) to get Y.
[author’s usage] .Другой крупы в тот год нельзя было купить в Торфопродукте, да и ячневую-то с бою. (Солженицын 6). .No other grain could be bought in Torfoprodukt that year, and even the barley you had to fight for. (6a).
Б-209 • БОЮСЬ СКАЗАТЬ (НАЗВАТЬ и т.п.) coll [VP; 1st pers sing only; fixed WO] (often used as a response to a question) I hesitate to say because I am not positive: I’m not sure (certain); I can’t say for sure; I don’t know for sure; (it’s) hard to say.