2. Id., Gothic Architecture, I; 59.
3. Spencer, H., Principles of Sociology, III, 291; Coulton, Life, IV, 169.
4. Theophilus, Sehedula diversarum artium, Introd., in Dillon, Glass, 126.
5. Addison, Arts, 86, 59.
6. Ibid., 186.
7. Walsh, Thirteenth Century, 115.
8. Saunders, English Art in the Middle Ages, 65.
9. Ackerman, Phyllis, Tapestry, 42f
10. Ruskin, Stones of Venice, I, ch. 2.
11. Morey, 195.
12. Short, E. H., The Painter in History, 75.
13. Mâle, L’art religieux du XIIIe siècle, 80.
14. Taine, H., Italy: Florence and Venice, 49.
15. Encyclopaedia Britannica, V, 706d.
16. Vasari, Lives, I, 66.
17. Morey, 267.
18. Lacroix, Arts, 251f.
19. Adams, H., Mont St. Michel, 137.
20. Saunders, 105.
21. Mâle, 78.
22. Bond, F., Wood Carvings in English Churches, I, 167.
23. Ibid.
24. Mâle, 74.
25. S. Reinach in Walsh, Thirteenth Century, 106.
26. Kantorowicz, 535; Morey, 314; Sedgwick, II, 225.
CHAPTER XXXII
1. Pope, A. U., Iranian and Armenian Contributions to the Beginnings of Gothic Architecture, 127.
2. Porter, II, 170.
3. Speculum, Jan. 1927, 23.
4. Mâle, 66; Morey, 234.
5. William of Malmesbury, v, 3.
6. Encyclopaedia Britannica, VII, 763.
7. Cram, Substance of Gothic, 119.
8. Pope, Contributions, 137.
9. Bond, F., Gothic Architecture in England, 263; Pirenne, J., Grands courants, II, 135; Porter, II, 63.
10. Addison, Arts, 201.
11. Panofsky, I., Abbot Suger.
12. Cram, 144.
13. Coulton, Life, II, 18; Porter, I, 151f.
14. Headlam, C., Story of Chartres, 140.
15. Jackson, Gothic Architecture, I, 96.
16. Ferguson, J., History of Architecture, I, 540.
17. Adams, H., 66.
18. Headlam, Chartres, 229.
19. Ibid., 208.
20. Ibid.
21. Adams, H., 76.
22. Connick, C. J., Adventures in Light and Color, 10.
23. Robillard, M., Chartres, 54.
24. Faure, Medieval Art, 348; Bond, Gothic Architecture in England, 33; Moore, C. H., Development of Gothic Architecture, 124.
25. Jackson, Gothic Architecture, I, 189.
26. Ibid.
27. Walsh, Thirteenth Century, 108.
28. Armstrong, Sir W., Art in Great Britain, 46.
29. Morey, 293. Germany was closed to mere scholars during the composition of these pages, which must therefore speak of German architecture and sculpture at second hand, or from vague memories of visits in 1912 and 1932.
30. De Wulf, Medieval Philosophy, I, 3.
31. Morey, 297.
32. In Taine, Italy: Florence, 89.
33. Beard, 143.
34. Street, G., Gothic Architecture in Spain, 106.
35. Arnold, Legacy of Islam, 168; Dieulafoy, Art in Spain, 147.
CHAPTER XXXIII
1. Lang, P. H., Music in Western Civilization, 51.
2. Ibid., 43.
3. Reese, Music in the Middle Ages, 63.
4. Ibid., 20f; Oxford History of Music, introductory volume, 137.
5. Lang, 71.
6. Grove, Dictionary of Music, s.v. Notation.
7. Arnold, Legacy of Islam, 17; Sarton, II (1), 25, 406.
8. The date and identity of Franco are disputed; cf. Grove, s.v. Franco of Cologne.
9. Lang, 130.
10. Ibid., 139.
11. Giraldus Cambrensis, Description of Wales, i, 8.
12. Lang, 97.
13. Jusserand, 196.
14. Reese, 206.
15. Ibid., 246.
16. So argues, with considerable scholarship, Julian Ribera in La musica de las cantigas; cf. McKinney, H. D., and Anderson, W. R., Music in History, 181. Beck, Gennrich, and Reese prefer to derive the name and songs of the troubadours from the trope; cf. Reese, 218.
17. Lacroix, Arts, 203.
18. Addison, Arts, 110.
19. Reese, 123.
20. Rowbotham, 6; Lacroix, Arts, 205.
21. Ibid., 204.
CHAPTER XXXIV
1. In Ogg, 145.
2. Vossler, K., Medieval Culture, I, 5.
3. Dante, La Vita Nuova, xxv.
4. Munro and Sellery, 330.
5. Cf. Pollock and Maitland, I, 57.
6. Mumford, L., Technics and Civilization, 438; Encyclopaedia Britannica, XXI, 1006a.
7. Lyra Graeca, III, 679, app. by J. M. Edmonds.
8. Munro and Sellery, 282; Haskins, Renaissance, 16; id., Normans, 236.
9. Haskins, Renaissance, 72.
10. Thorndike in Speculum, Apr. 1937, 268.
11. Haskins, Renaissance, 72.
12. Coulton, Panorama, 683.
13. Lea, Inquisition in Middle Ages, I, 554.
14. Lacroix, Arts, 472.
15. Walsh, Thirteenth Century, 156.
16. Coulton, Medieval Scene, 124; Panorama, 576; Haskins, Renaissance, 71.
17. Encyclopaedia Britannica, XIV, 3.
18. Haskins, Renaissance, 43.
19. Calvert, Moorish Remains in Spain, 426.
20. Haskins, Studies in Medieval Culture, 100.
21. Bevna, Legacy of Israel, 230.
22. Ibid., 211.
23. Sarton, II(1), 125.
24. Arnold, Legacy of Islam, 347.
25. Ibid., 244.
26. Wright, Domestic Manners, 271.
27. De Wulf, Medieval Philosophy, I, 61; West, Alcuin, 57.
28. John of Salisbury, Metalogicus, i, 24, in Poole, Illustrations, 98.
29. Thorndike in Speculum, Oct. 1940, 401.
30. Walsh, Thirteenth Century, 28.
31. Thorndike, l.c.; Rashdall, Universities of Europe in the Middle Ages, III, 350; Crump, Legacy of the Middle Ages, 262-3.
32. Abélard, Historia Calamitatum, Introd. by R. A. Cram, p. v.
33. Coulton, Medieval Village, 254.
34. Jusserand, 279.
35. Coulton, Panorama, 388.
36. Thorndike, Speculum, Oct. 1940, 408.
37. Rashdall, Universities, III, 370.
38. Aristotle, Politics, viii, 1.
39. Crump, 266.
40. Rashdall, I, 93.
41. Ibid., 113.
42. Lea, Inquisition in the Middle Ages, I, 59.
43. Walsh, Thirteenth Century, 33; Baedeker, K., Northern Italy, 471.
44. Rashdall, I, 149-67.
45. Ibid., 196.
46. 196-7.
47. Paetow, L. J., Guide to the Study of Medieval History, 448.