Book of Hymns, 501
Book of Information (al-Masudi), 239
Book of Jubilees, 416
Book of Kells, 499, 501
Book of Leinster, 501
Book of Plants (al-Dina-wari), 245
Book of Religions and Sects (ibn Hazm), 305
Book of Religions and Sects (al-Shahrastani), 320
Book of Routes (ibn Khordadbeh), 376
Book of Soul and Spirit (Isaac Israeli), 405
bookkeeping, 628, 629-630
books, 277, 293-294, 304-305, 371, 465, 515, 785, 852-853, 903, 906-909, 996, 1008
of hours, 852, 906
illuminated, 319
sizes of, 907-908
booksellers, 236, 907, 908
Books of the Wars (Procopius), 125
Booth, William, 733*
Bordeaux, 36, 56, 85, 86, 91, 393, 474, 588, 617, 620, 648, 827, 828
Borel, Count of Barcelona, 539
Borgognoni, Teodorico, 1001
Borgoña, Felipe de, 891
Boris, Khan, 443-444
Boris of Bulgaria, 536
Borr orneo, St. Charles, 739
borrowing, 343, 377
Bosnia, 658, 769, 771
Bosporus, 3, 4, 64, 109, 130, 147, 424, 425, 448, 589, 595, 612, 652
Bossuet, Jacques Bénigne, 238
Bostia, 162-
botany, 245, 329-330, 1005
Botheric, 25
bourgeoisie, 568, 572, 618, 638, 640, 644, 646, 685, 700, 708, 729, 730, 746, 836, 861, 1042, 1055, 1065
Bourges, 383, 615
Cathedral, 857, 860, 882
Bou vines, battle of, 571, 675, 685, 690, 715, 717
Bowayb, El-, battle of, 151
Box, G. H., 351*
boycotts, 618, 619, 897
student, 917
Brabant, 686
Bracton, Henry de, 375, 678, 824
Brahe, Tycho, 242
Brahmagupta, 989
brain, 956
concussion, 1001
Bramante (Donato d’Agnolo), 127
Brangäne, 1049
Brandenburg, Margrave of, 375, 664
Bratislav I, 660
Braulio of Saragossa, 96
Braye, Cardinal de, 862
bread and ale, “assizes” of, 641
bread, sacramental, 740-741, 749
Breasted, James H., 279*
Bremen, 615, 618
Brémule, battle of, 571
Brescia, 617, 662, 712, 727
Breslau, 660, 664
Brethren of the Free Spirit, 809
Brethren of Purity, 234
Brethren of Sincerity, 254, 279, 338
Brevarium (Alaric II), 88
Breviloquium, (Bonaventura), 959
brewing, 348, 624, 625, 786, 837, 997, 1003
Brian Boru, 498, 500
bribery, 290, 306, 372, 377, 433, 464, 526, 538, 541, 567, 667, 828, 1004
Bridge, battle of the, 151
bridges, 308, 465, 500, 560, 621, 718
brigandage, 293, 296, 314, 829, 935
Brigid, St., 84
Brindisi, 404, 616, 716, 717
Bristol, 487, 640, 682
Britain, 3, 22, 25, 43, 80-81, 82, 107, 156, 204, 450, 465, 466, 476, 486, 496, 497, 501, 522, 568, 578, 617, 627, 642, 648, 673, 1045, 1046
North, 748
Britons, 81, 495, 501, 553, 668, 681
Brittany, 81, 91, 480, 495, 688, 689, 931, 936, 937, 942, 987, 1042
Count of, 674
brothels, 822, 823, 927, 1054
Browning, Robert, 397
Bruce, Edward, 682, 684
Bruce, Robert, 682, 683-684
Bruges, 615, 617, 618, 623, 627, 629, 635, 640, 642, 647, 648, 680, 685, 886, 888
Brunelleschi, Filippo, 729, 890
Brunhild (a), 92, 93, 533, 1032-1033, 1034-1035
Bruno, St., 515, 788
Bruno, Giordano, 1082
Brunswick Cathedral, 861
Brussels, 686
Cathedral, 886
Brut (Layamon), 1045
Brut d’Angleterre, Le (Wace), 1045
Brutus, Marcus Junius, 1045, 1073
bubonic plague, 1001, 1002
buccaneers, 651, 670, 684
Bucoleon, Constantinople, 432
Büche von Troye (Wolfram) Buda (Budapest), 39, 658, 659
Buddha, 139, 532
buffoons, 838, 842
Buildings (Procopius), 106
Bukhari, al-, 211
Bulgaria, 443-445, 446, 657, 762, 769, 771
Bulgars, 424, 430, 432, 442, 443-444, 446, 586, 653, 832
Volga, 655
Bulgarus, 916
bullfight, 701
Buonsignori family, 628, 727
Buran, 208
Buraq, 166
Burckhardt, Johann Ludwig, 155*
bureaucracy, 29, 225, 433, 442, 472
burial, 379, 741, 755, 780
Burgos, 459, 460, 638
Cathedral, 891, 892, 893
Burgundians, 22, 89, 510, 687, 831, 1035
Burgundy, 92, 460, 475, 480, 663, 686-688, 946, 1034
kingdom of, 513
Burma, 993
burning (at the stake), 780-784
Burton, Sir Richard, 155*
Bury, 752
Busen to River, 36
Bustan (Sa’di), 326-327
buttons, 832-833
buttresses, 455, 865, 867, 871, 872, 873, 875, 886, 893
Buwayhids, 202-203, 204, 233, 242
Buzurgmihr, 145
Byron, Lord, 124, 1065
Byzantine art, 126-135
architecture, 127
civilization, 118-135, 614
economy, 118-120
Empire, 7, 100, 112, 113, 114, 119, 120, 124, 147, 393, 424, 431, 444, 445, 585, 605, 606, 625, 652
emperors, 193, 387
fleet, 103
government, 218, 219, 282
Institute, 131
life, 431-437
style, 131, 132
Byzantines, 109, 125, 203, 230, 453, 703
Byzantium, 3, 97, 98, 128, 135, 140, 145, 147, 150, 156, 157, 171, 187, 188, 197, 200, 204, 225, 241, 270, 276, 297, 375, 423-449, 450, 451, 453, 454, 457, 468, 469, 470, 515, 525, 535, 536, 550, 563, 586, 603, 604, 605, 612, 613, 616, 642, 650-652, 654, 655, 657, 663, 708, 709, 831, 846, 849, 876
Christian, 609
also see Constantinople
Cabala, 405, 415, 416-418, 979
Cade, William, 627
Cadiz, 97, 304, 441, 617, 638, 697, 754, 1085
Cadwgan ap Bledyn, 684
Caedmon, 490
Caen, 479, 482, 668, 869, 871
Caesar, Gaius Julius, 13, 40, 108, 120, 784, 991, 1074
Caesarea, 62, 78, 125, 608, 1002
Caesarean section, 1001
Caesarius of Heisterbach, 775, 785, 787, 986
Caetani family, 706
Cahors, 392, 627
Cathedral, 868
Cahorsians, 627, 631, 632
Cairo (Qahira), 208, 226, 236, 239, 257, 273, 283, 284, 285, 286, 287, 288, 290, 304, 311, 312, 313-314, 317, 318, 319 320, 330, 403, 408, 409, 413, 414, 585, 600, 616, 854, 909
Calabria, 99, 452, 453, 808
Calatrava, Knights of, 697
Calculation of Integration and Equation (al-Khwarizmi), 241
calculi, 990
Calderón de la Barca, Pedro, 701
Caledonia, 80, 501
calendar, 139, 402-403, 991-992
ecclesiastical, 743
Gregorian, 171, 992
Jewish, 347, 403
Julian, 1010
Moslem, 171, 321
Persian, 309, 321
reform, 925, 1009, 1010
Seleucid, 403
caliphate, 263, 291-297
Abbasid, 196-204, 261, 276, 280, 340, 376, 429, 471
Aghlabid, 289-290
Cordovan, 295, 296, 460
Umuayyad, 192-196
Calixtus II, 546, 760
calligraphy, 277, 278, 319, 341
Callinicus of Syria, 424
Callisthenes, 1044
Calvin, John, 74
Cam River, 926
Cambrai, 475, 476, 567, 618, 623, 639, 769
Cambridge, 1003
University, 135, 828, 924-925
Camel, Battle of the, 191
cameos, 849
camera obscura, 289
Campagna, 42, 111, 290, 379, 541, 707, 963
Campo Santo, Pisa, 861, 862
canals, 283, 447, 454, 559, 560, 621, 646, 686
Canary Islands, 992
cancer, 437
candelabra, 846, 848
Cannes, 57
Canon (Avicenna), 910
canonical hours, 518, 742
canonists, 756, 826
canonization, 427, 444, 524, 672, 760, 764, 783, 801, 806, 963
Canossa, 549, 551, 667
Canterbury, 392, 483, 621, 668, 671, 672, 753, 761, 1002