Copyright
First published in Great Britain in 2007 by Osprey Publishing,
Midland House, West Way, Botley, Oxford OX2 0PH, UK
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© 2007 Osprey Publishing Ltd.
All rights reserved. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study, research, criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, electrical, chemical, mechanical, optical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner. Enquiries should be addressed to the Publishers.
A CIP catalog record for this book is available from the British Library
Print ISBN: 978 1 84603 129 8
PDF e-book ISBN: 978 1 84908 062 0
ePub e-book ISBN: 978 1 78200 707 4
Editorial by Ilios Publishing, Oxford, UK (www.iliospublishing.com)
Page layout by Ken Vail Graphic Design, Cambridge, UK
Index by Alison Worthington
Typeset in Monotype Gill Sans and ITC Stone Serif
Maps by The Map Studio Ltd
Originated by United Graphics, Singapore
Printed in China through Bookbuilders
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Every effort has been made by the Publisher to secure permissions to use the images in this publication. If there has been any oversight we would be happy to rectify the situation and written submission should be made to Osprey Publishing.
Front cover: Canadian officers of the North Shore Regiment stand before one of the massive 406mm guns of the 5.Batterie, MAA.244, near Sangatte on the Pas-de-Calais after the capture of Batterie Lindemann in 1944. (National Archives Canada PA-133140 Donald I. Grant)
Author’s note
The author would like to thank Joe Kaufmann for help in locating some of the bunkers photographed for this book. Thanks also go to the staffs of the US Army’s Military History Institute (MHI) at the Army War College at Carlisle Barracks, PA, the US National Archives And Records Administration (NARA) in College Park, MD, and the National Archives of Canada in Ottawa (NAC). For brevity, the usual conventions have been used when referring to German units. For example, 2/GR.726 refers to 2.Kompanie, Grenadier Regiment 726; 3/HKAA 1261 indicates 3.Batterie, Heeres-Küsten-Artillerie Abteilung 1261.
Glossary
| AOK: | Armee Oberkommando, army headquarters |
| Bauform: | construction plan |
| EB: | Eisenbahnbatterie: railroad battery |
| Festung: | fortress |
| GR: | grenadier regiment |
| HKAA: | Heeres-Küsten-Artillerie-Abteilung, army coastal artillery regiment |
| IR: | infantry regiment |
| MAA: | Marine-Artillerie-Abteilung: navy artillery regiment |
| MKB: | Marine Küsten Batterie: navy coastal battery |
| OB: | Offene Bettung; open platform |
| Regelbau: | construction standard, sometimes abbreviated as R when used with a particular plan, for example R621. |
| SK: | Sonderkonstruktion: special design, not Regelbau |
| StP: | Stützpunkt, strongpoint (company-sized) |
| Tobruk: | A class of small bunkers with circular openings for a crew-served weapon |
| Tonne: | Metric ton (1,000kg; 2.204lb) |
| Vf: | Verstarkfeldmässig; reinforced field position such as a tobruk |
| Westwalclass="underline" | German fortifications created in the late 1930s on the French–German border, also known as Siegfried line |
| WN: | Wiederstandnest, strongpoint (platoon-sized); sometimes abbreviated as “W” in the 709th Infantry Division sector |