37
}8
Death and deification of Drusilla (10 June, 2j September). Gaius marries Lollia Paulina.
39
Gaius divorces Lollia Paulina and marries Milonia Caesonia. Leaves Rome (September). Gaudius marries Messallina. Gaius returns to Rome (31 August).
40
41
Murder of Gaius (24 January). Proclamation of Claudius (23 January). Birth of Britannicus.
Claudius proclaimed pater patriae (12 January).
4*
44 Aerarium transferred from praetors to quaestors. Claudius' triumph for conquest of Britain.
Pontius Pilate removed from his post for maladministration by L. Vitellius, governor of Syria.
Herod Agrippa I given Philip's kingdom.
Trouble between the Jewish and Greek communities in Alexandria.
Herod Antipas deposed. Gaius visits the Rhineland (October). Conspiracy and execution of Gaetulicus.
Herod Antipas' ethnarchy given to Herod Agrippa I. Gaius in Gaul (winter). Preparations for an invasion of Britain. Outbreak of rebellion in Mauretania. Gaius orders his statue to be placed in the Temple at Jerusalem.
40-4 Conquest of Mauretania and organization of provinces of Tingitana and Caesariensis.
Claudius' letter to the Alexandrians.
Conspiracy and death of Scribonianus.
Invasion of Britain. Lycia-Pamphylia made a province.
Death of Herod Agrippa I.
37 Dedication of the temple of Divus Augus-
41 Beginning of the construction of a new harbour at Ostia and of the draining of the Fucine Lake. Seneca sent into exile.
Ovation of Aulus Plautius for conquest of Britain.
47-8 Censorship of Claudius and L. Vitellius. Celebration of ludi saeculares.
'Marriage' and execution of Messallina and C. Silius.
Marriage of Claudius and Agrippina the Younger (t January). Extension of the pomerium of Rome. Seneca returns from exile and becomes praetor and tutor of Nero.
jo Claudius adopts Nero (2; February). Agrippina becomes Augusta.
51 Burrus becomes praetorian prefect. Nero given the title of princeps iuventutis.
5 5 Nero marries Octavia.
54 Death of Claudius (1 j October), accession of Nero.
5; Death of Britannicus.
56 Nero given the title of pater patriae. Aerarium transferred from quaestors to praejecti.
5 8 Rejection of proposal that Nero should be consul perpetuus.
Murder of Agrippina. Institution of Iuvena- lia.
Institution of the Neronia.
Annexation of Thrace.
Corbulo in the Rhineland.
49 Agrippa II given the kingdom of Chalcis.
51 Ostorius Scapula defeats Caratacus. Death of Gotarzes of Parthia, succeeded by Vonones and then Vologaeses.
5 3 Parthians take control of Armenia and Tiri- dates is appointed to the throne.
5 5 Corbulo appointed to an eastern command against Parthia and Armenia.
Corbulo attacks Tiridates and captures Artaxata.
Capture of Tigranocerta by Corbulo.
Completion of the subjugation of Armenia and appointment to the throne of Tigranes, great-grandson of Herod and of Archelaus of Cappadocia. Corbulo appointed governor of Syria. Revolt of Boudica and the Iceni.
51-2 Dedication of the Triumphal Arch of Claudius, forming part of the Aqua Virgo.
54 Publication of Seneca, Apocolocyntosis. 5 5 Publication of Seneca, De dementia. 56-7 Dedication of the Macellum Magnum.
61 Nero divorces Octavia and marries Pop- paea Sabina. Execution of Octavia (9 June). Death of Burrus, retirement of Seneca. Introduction of maiestas charges.
Birth and death of daughter of Nero and Poppaea, deified as Gaudia Augusta.
Outbreak of fire in Rome (18/19 July). Victimization of the Christians. Reform of the currency.
6j Neronia held again. Conspiracy of Piso (April). Death of Seneca. Death of Poppaea Sabina.
66 Deaths of Thrasea Paetus and Barea Sora- nus. Conspiracy of Vinicianus. Nero marries Statilia Messallina. Tiridates crowned king of Armenia in Rome.
Nero returns to Italy and while in Naples receives news of the revolt of Vindex. Death of Nero (9 or possibly 11 June). Proclamation of Galba as princeps. Galba arrives at Rome (autumn).
Otho proclaimed princeps by the praetorian guard (13 January). Murder of Galba. Otho defeated by Vitellius' troops at Bedriacum (14 April) and commits suicide (16 April). Vitellius granted imperial powers by the Senate (19 April) and enters Rome (June).
в.с. в.с.
Tigranes invades Adiabene. Vologaeses threatens Syria.
Caesennius Paetus sent to Cappadocia. Sur- 62 Construction of the Thermae Neronianae renders to Vologaeses at Rhandeia. (or possibly 64).
64-j Incorporation of kingdom of Pontus into 64 Destruction of the Domus Transitoria.
Galatia. 64-8 Building of the Domus Aurea, rebuilding of
the Circus Maximus and reconstruction of Rome.
65 Deaths of Seneca and Lucan.
Nero proclaims the freedom of Greece (? or 66 Death of Petronius. 67, see p.664). Conspiracy and deaths of the
Scribonii brothers. Corbulo instructed to commit suicide. Outbreak of revolt in Judaea.
Vespasian appointed as legate in command of the war in Judaea (February).
Vespasian reduces Samaria and Idumaea and prepares to attack Jerusalem. Revolt of Vindex in Gaul. Galba acclaimed by his troops in Spain (2 or 3 April). Battle of Vesontio and suicide of Vindex (late spring). Revolt of Clodius Macer in Africa.
German legions in revolt against Galba. Vitellius proclaimed emperor by the German legions. Revolt of Civilis and the Batavians. Vespasian proclaimed emperor at Alexandria (1 July) and then by the army in Syria and Judaea.
Second battle of Cremona (24/2; Octol Antonius Primus enters Rome, murde Vitellius (20 or 21 December) 70 Mucianus arrives in Rome (January). ' pasian confirmed by the Senate as prin Publication of the lex de imperio Vespas Domitian made urban praetor with imperium of a consul. Arrival of Vespa in Rome (summer).
70 Imperium GaUiarum of Iulius Classicus and Iulius Tutor. Petilius Cerialis defeats the Batavian revolt. Titus attacks and captures Jerusalem and destroys the Temple (August).
BIBLIOGRAPHY
ABBREVIATIONS
Arcbaologischer Ans^eiger Antike und Abendland
Publications of an American Archaeological Expedition to
Syria 1S99—1900. New York
Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae
Acta Archaeologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae
Annates archeologiques arabes syriennes
Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Mainz,
geistes- und sozialwissenscbaftliche Klasse
Abhandlungen der Bayeriscben Akademie der