[191] Though not immediately: Lacey 1979 (c 147). 80 Dio liii.32.5.
[192] The story at Suet. Aug. 56.4 implies that it had shaken him badly.
" Perhaps separate trials: young Tiberius was prosecutor of Caepio.
41 Dio's '...on the grounds that they intended to flee' is probably just a mistake natural to one of
his century. 93 Suet. Aug. 66.}.
[196] Twice, he says in the Ret Gestae. 95 Dio Liv.1.4-5; Suet. Aug. J2.
96 Augustus probably just leant heavily on hoarders: cf. Dig. 48.12.2 on the lex lulia de anmma.
[198] Dio liv. 10.5, exactly analogous to'... for life, to the extent of not having to relinquish...' at Lin.32.5; see above p. 86.
[199] Dio liv. 12.4. Agrippa's imperium was not made maius until 15 b.c., Dio Liv.28.1 (and that is
the correct inference from the lauiatio, EJ2 366). 114 Pp. 732-3, 885-93.
[201] Dio liv. 19.6: Dio's Greek implies that title: it was probably a formal, even if not a standing,
office. 124 Dio liv. 24.4-6.
[203] Rajak 1984 (e 1194) favours the authenticity of the texts cited by Josephus, but minimizes their scope.
■я Dio liv.2ĵ-ĵ puts it in i} b.c.
[205] Boatwright 1986 (c 53). 147 Dio lv.6.6. See n. 51 above.
,4S Veil. Pat. n.97.4; but see ch. 4 below, pp. 181-5.
149 The Res Gestae record troop discharges in 7, 6, 4, } and 2 B.C.
[208] The epitome of Dio says others were executed, and on a charge of conspiracy, but names no
names. 164 Syme 1986 (л 9;) 91. 165 Syme 1978 (в 179). 166 DioLV.io.ii.
[210] See above, p. 90.
[211] A propemptic eflusion: Antipater, Poem 47 (Gow and Page 1968 (в 65)). Cf. Ov. Art Am.
1.171. 169 The year immediately following i в.с. 170 Romer 1979 (c 501).
his death, in an elogjum (EJ2 69) he is called 'already designated princeps.
[214] Velleius was present, and describes it, 11.201.
[215] Bowersock 1984 (c 40) speculates about the divided allegiance in the East between Tiberius
and Gaius Caesar. 175 DioLV.ioa.8.
[216] He did, under popular pressure, allow his daughter to change her place of exile as far as
Rhegium. 177 So Dio lv. 13.2. Suetonius is wrong.
while. Domitius Ahenobarbus, who reached the Elbe, and Marcus Vinicius had both won onumenta
triumpbalia. 17» Veil. Pat. 11.104.1; Suet. Tib. 21.3. 1>0 Levick 1976 (c 366) ch. 4.
[220] The 'conspiracy of Gnaeus Cornelius Cinna Magnus', placed in this year by Dio lv.14-22.1 (cf. Sen. Cltm. 1.9) is a moral fiction. The Lex Valeria Cornelia of a.d. 5 is described in ch. 3 below, p. 127.
[221] See ch. 18 below, pp. 893-7. 184 Suet. Aug. 32.3; Bringmann 1973 (d 249).
iss Veil. Pat. и.105-7; and see ch. 4 below, pp. 183-4.
386 five legions were very nearly cut to pieces in a.d. 7, with severe loss of junior officers: Veil.
Pat. 11.112.6. 187 Dio lv.28.1-4.
188 Dio LV.27.6; Joseph. B/ii.ii i and 117. 189 DioLV.23.1.
100 He also set up a committee of consular senators to review expenditure in the public sector.
[226] DioLv.2j.j. RC 17.
153 Dio 1_v.26.4-5. A new 2 per cent tax on sales of slaves was instituted to fund the new service.
'« Dio Lv.27.2-j. EJ2 568. Dio lv.jki.
147 Veil. Pat. it. 115. ,,e Already stated by Dio LV.27.5.
[230] Suet. Aug. 19.2. 201 Tac. Ann. 11.59-40.
Tac. Ann. i.j.i (a'rumour'); Dio lvi.jo.i. Dismissed by Syme 1986(л 95)415. Part, perhaps,
of a propaganda campaign against Tiberius and Livia.
[233] Dio lvi.1-9 invents two speeches; Suet. Aug. 54 with 89, 2 and Livy, Per. 59.
[234] Dio lvi.io; Suet. Aug. 34; Tac. Ann. 111.28.j-4.
2,1 Numerous subordinate commanders got ornamenta triumpbalia for their services during the critical campaigns: Messalla Messallinus, M. Lepidus, C. Vibius Postumus, M. Plautius Silvanus.
[236] A'set piece'in Velleius, и.117.2-119; another in Dio, lvi.18—22.2. 213 DioLvi.2j.
A vexed problem of chronology plagues these у ears,crystallizing round the question whether
Tiberius' triumph was in a.d. 12 or 13 (we know at least the day: 23 October).
[239] Of which the Gemma Augustea is the visual monument: Simon 1986 (p 577) 156-61 and
PI. 11. 216 Dio lvi. 11 and 15.
[241] Sailer 1982 (f 59) esp. ch. 2. 5 Herrmann 1968 (c 117). 6 Sailer 1982 (f 59) 73-4.
Bowersock 1965 (c 39) ch. 3, and texts in Reynolds 1981 (в 270) nos. 10-12.
Braund 1984(0 254).
[244] lus and potestas. » Gai. Inst. I. j. 15 Suet. Calig. 14.1. 16 Strab. xvn.3.2; (840Q.
The Greek is The Latin word that stood in that place was not known until discovery
of the Antioch-in-Pisidia copy of the RG (published 1927), and Mommsen's guess was digiitas.
Respectively, Magdelain 1947 (c 167); Grant 1946 (в 322); Grenade 1961 (c 103).
[248] The view here argued for is mentioned, but dismissed, by Brunt 1977 (c 33]) 113.
[249] For my negative argument, see Jolowicz and Nicholas 1971 (f 660) 365-6; for my positive argument, see Hammond 1959 (л 43) 306, n. 59; de Martino 1974 (л 58) fasc. 1, 501-2.
[250] Dig. 1.4.1 pr., Ulpian, i Inst.: 'Quod principi placuit legis habet vigorem: utpote cum lege regia, quae de imperio eius lata est, populus ei et in eum omne suum imperium et potest»tem conferat.'
[251] And after the one great burst of 'Julian Laws' there are very few certain cases of even those.
[252] For normative-looking edicts of Augustus see EJ2 282, and, in the law, Dig. 16.1.2 pr. and
[253] E.g. Dig. 25.2.14.4. See also the new fideicommissary jurisdiction, Inst. Just. 11.25 pr. and
2}.i. 31 Pomponius at Dig. 1.2.2.49. respondendi see, especially, Wieacker 1985 (f 706).
[255] Essential stilclass="underline" Girard 1915 (f 655). On the decuriat, see Bringmann 1975 (d 249) 235-42.
[256] Suet. Aug. 55; Val. Max. VH.7.J-4; Dio Lv.7.2.
[257] The principal attempt is that of Jones i960 (a 47) ch. j.
[258] Dio li.19.7; and see ch. 2 above, p. 74. 36 Though contra, Eck 1986 (c 82).
37 Brunt 1984 (d 27). 38 Ov. Tr. 11.131-2; Dio Lv.34.2; and see ch. 12 below, pp. 408-9.
[260] Suet. Aug. 46; cf. EJ2 301 II, 2. 53 Suet. Aug. 40.2; 56.:. 54 Dio liii. 2.3.
People who became collegae imperii seem to have held, as praetors, the urban praetorship.
Szramkiewicz 1975-6 (d 75).
[263] Not only in the capitaclass="underline" Suet. Aug. 47.1; Dio Liv.23.7-8. 77 Dio Liti. 15.4.
Sutherland 1976 (в 356) ch. 4, and ch. 8 below, pp. 316-19. 80 See ch. 2 above, p. 93.