CHABOT. Compromised in financial speculations in 1794, he was executed with the Dantonists who protested against being associated with this former Franciscan friar, the ‘fripon’, who had claimed Christ as the ‘first of the sans-culottes’.
CHARTRES. Driven from France by the hostility of Louis XVIII, he went to live in England. He became Louis Philippe after the deposition of Charles X in 1830. Following the revolution of 1848 he fled to England and died at Claremont, Surrey, in 1850.
CHOISEUL. Arrested after the flight to Varennes and imprisoned at Verdun. Transferred to Orléans, he was released when the King accepted the Constitution and returned to Paris where he was appointed chevalier d’honneur to the Queen. After the Queen’s imprisonment in the Temple, he fled to England in the guise of a Spaniard. On his return he was accused of taking part in a conspiracy against Bonaparte and exiled. At the Restoration he was created a peer of France and later became aide-de-camp to Louis Philippe and Governor of the Louvre. Died in Paris in 1838.
CLERMONT-TONNERRE. Having advocated Louis XVI’s right to an absolute veto, he was murdered by the mob during the insurrection of 16 August 1792.
CLÉRY. Remained in the Temple until March 1793 when he was released and went to live at Juvisy. He was rearrested in May and imprisoned in La Force. Saved by Thermidor, he went to Strasbourg where he wrote his memoirs which were published in London in 1798. He returned to Paris in 1802 where he tried to get a new edition of the memoirs published. The authorities refused to allow this unless an apology for the new régime was included. He declined the compromise and later angered Napoleon by turning down the offer of becoming First Chamberlain to the Empress Josephine. He left France and died at Vienna in 1809.
COFFINHALL. Escaped from the Hôtel de Ville on 9 Thermidor and hid in a boat on the Seine near the Île des Cygnes for three days. Anxious for news, he went to his mistress’s house in the Rue Montorgueil where he was arrested. His identity being established he was executed the same day.
COLLOT D’HERBOIS. A victim of the ‘dry guillotine’, he died at Cayenne in 1796, less than a year after his transportation there.
CONDORCET. His outspoken support of the Girondins and condemnation of the Montagnards led to his being declared hors la loi. Concealed for a time by Madame Vernet, the widow of a sculptor, he left her house for the country where he died in April 1794, evidently of exposure and exhaustion.
CORDAY. Perfectly composed during her trial, she moved her position so that a man who was sketching her portrait could get a better view of her. In the tumbril Sanson said to her conversationally, ‘It’s a long journey, isn’t it?’ ‘We’re bound to get there,’ she replied, ‘in the end.’ Sanson, profoundly impressed by her beauty and courage, considerately stood up when they came in sight of the guillotine so that she should not see it, but she asked him to sit down: a person in her position was ‘naturally curious’. After her execution Sanson’s assistant picked up the head to show to the crowd and slapped it across the cheek. Some said they saw her face blush; others maintained it was the effect of the red stormy sunset. ‘Elle nous perd,’ Vergniaud said, ‘mais elle nous apprend à mourir.’
CORNY. Dismayed by the course the Revolution was taking, he fell ill and died in November 1790.
DAVID. As enthusiastic a supporter of Napoleon as of the Jacobins, David’s portrait of Napoleon pointing the way to Italy is a characteristic apotheosis. At the Restoration he was exiled as a regicide and went to live in Brussels. He died in December 1825.
DROUET. Declining a reward of 30,000 francs for his part in the capture of the King at Varennes, he was elected to the Convention where he became notorious for the violence of his proposals which included one for the execution of all English residents in France. While on a mission to the army he was captured by the Austrians, later being released with a group of other prisoners in exchange for Madame Royale. Elected to the Council of Five Hundred, he was arrested for his part in Babeuf’s conspiracy. He escaped, fled to Switzerland and then to Teneriffe. Returning to France, he was forced into exile again by the second Restoration. He went back secretly, however, and settled down under an assumed name at Mâcon where he died in 1824.
DUCOS. Voted for Napoleon’s deposition in 1814, but gained no favour with the Bourbons. Exiled as a regicide in 1816, he died in a carriage accident at Ulm the same year.
DUMONT. Died of natural causes in January 1830.
DUMOURIEZ. Intrigued against Louis XVIII and endeavoured to establish an Oréanist monarchy. He went to live in England and was granted a pension by the Government to whom he gave military advice during the Napoleonic wars. He died at Turville Park, Henley-on-Thames in 1823 and was buried in Henley parish church.
DUPONT DE NEMOURS. Emigrated to the United States in 1799. He returned to France in 1802 but refused office under Napoleon. Appointed a Councillor of State on the first Restoration, he returned to America in 1815 when Napoleon escaped from Elba and died near Wilmington, Delaware in 1817.
DUPORT. As one of the King’s apologists he was arrested on 10 August 1792, but managed to escape abroad. He returned to France after 9 Thermidor, but left again after 18 Fructidor and died in Switzerland in 1798.
EDGEWORTH. Escaped to England in 1795 with a farewell message from Madame Elisabeth to her brother, the Comte d’Artois. He then took some papers to her other brother, the Comte de Provence, whom he accompanied to Mittau where he died of fever in 1807.
ELISABETH. The King’s sister was accused of supplying émigés with money and of encouraging the resistance of the royalist forces on 10 August 1792. She was condemned to death by the Revolutionary Tribunal and executed on 10 May 1794.
EPRÉMESNIL. Imprisoned in the Abbaye as a staunch monarchist, he was released before the September Massacres. Arrested at Le Havre, he was taken to Paris, accused of being an agent of the English Government, arraigned before the Revolutionary Tribunal and guillotined on 21 April 1794.
ESTAING. On the strength of compromising letters which had passed between him and Marie Antoinette, on whose behalf he spoke at her trial, he was condemned to death and executed on 28 April 1794.
FAUCHET. Having warmly supported the earlier phases of the Revolution, preached a funeral oration for those citizens killed at the storming of the Bastille and blessed the tricolour flag for the National Guard, he opposed the execution of the King and the marriage of priests. Accused of encouraging the federalist movement at Cannes, he was brought before the Revolutionary Tribunal and executed with the Girondins on 30 October 1793.
FERRIÈRES. Died of natural causes at the Château de Marsay in July 1804.
FERSEN. Returning to Paris in February 1792, Fersen was convinced that a second attempt to get the royal family out of France was not practicable. He was promoted Riksmarskalk in the Swedish army in 1801. On the death of the popular Prince Christian Augustus of Augustenburg in 1810, Fersen was slanderously accused of having been implicated in a plot to poison him. As Riksmarskalk he received the body on the outskirts of Stockholm and conducted the funeral cortège into the city. The mob threw stones and hurled abuse at him, then battered him to death on the steps of the senate house.
FOUCHÉ. Having intrigued against Robespierre, he then intrigued against Napoleon and Louis XVIII. But, although widely distrusted, he took part in every government from 1792 to 1815. He was for several years Minister of Police. Proscribed as a regicide he had to go abroad in 1816. He died at Trieste as Duc d’Otrante, in 1820.