PROLOGUE
1. Michal Kacewicza, ‘Final Interview with Boris Nemtsov’, Newsweek, 28 February 2015. http://www.newsweek.com/2015/03/13/final-interview-boris-nemtsov-310392.html
2. ‘End of the Soviet Union’, Gorbachev’s farewell address, New York Times, 26 December 1991.
3. Ivan Pavlov, ‘Ob ume voobshche, o russkom ume v chastnosti’. http://www.gumer.info/bibliotek_Buks/History/Article/pavl_russum.php
4. Quoted in Ellen Mickiewicz, Changing Channels: Television and the Struggle for Power in Russia (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1999), p. 10.
Part I
CHAPTER ONE
1. Documentary film, SSSR. Krusheniie, part 1, Channel Rossiia 1, 2011.
2. Andrei Grachev, Kremlevskaia khronika (Moscow: Eksmo, 1994), p. 392.
3. Alexander Yakovlev, Omut pamiati, 2 vols (Moscow: Vagrius, 2001), vol. 2, p. 83.
4. Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev, Dva tsveta vremeni: Dokumenty iz lichnogo fonda N.S. Khrushcheva, 2 vols (Moscow: Mezhdunarodny fond ‘Demokratia’, 2009), vol. 2, p. 465.
5. Alexander Bovin, XX vek kak zhizn’ (Moscow: Zakharov, 2003), p. 108.
6. Otto Latsis, Tshchatel’no splanirovannoe samoubiistvo (Moscow: Moskovskaia shkola politicheskikh issledovanii, 2001).
7. Documentary film Khvost komety, Moscow, TVS, 2003. I am grateful to Sergei Kostin, the maker of the film, for letting me read the complete transcript of his interviews with Yegor Yakovlev.
8. Alexander Yakovlev, Sumerki (Moscow: Materik, 2005), p. 33.
9. Alexander Yakovlev, Omut pamiati, vol. 1, p. 17.
10. Ibid., p. 447.
11. Pravo perepiski (Moscow: Memorial, 2014).
12. Joseph Brodsky, Less than One (London: Viking, 1986), p. 457.
13. Fireglow was first published in 1965, in Znamia, a literary journal; the book appeared a year later. Yuri Trifonov, Otblesk kostra (Moscow: Sovetskii Pisatel’, 1966), p. 5.
14. Lichnoe delo Yegora Yakovleva [Yegor Yakovlev’s personal file], Moscow, Izvestia Archive, fond 1, opis’ 5, MS 1549.
15. Moscow, Russian State Archive (GARF), Yegor Yakovlev’s archive, uncatalogued.
16. Ivan Bunin, Cursed Days: A Diary of Revolution, trans. by Gaiton Marullo (London: Phoenix Press, 2000), p. 89.
17. Ibid., p. 81.
18. Yegor Yakovlev, Ia idu s toboi (Moscow: Molodaia gvardiia, 1965), p. 127.
19. Irina Yakovleva, interview with the author, May 2012.
20. Yegor Yakovlev, Ia idu s toboi, pp. 89–90.
21. Andrei Sakharov, Vospominaniia, 3 vols (Moscow: Vremia, 2006), vol. 1, p. 362.
22. Ibid., p. 276.
23. Inna Solovyova, interview with the author, November 2012.
24. Yegor Yakovlev, Ia idu s toboi, pp. 56–7.
25. Alexander Yakovlev, Omut pamiati, vol. 1, p. 177.
26. William Taubman, Khrushchev: The Man and His Era (London: Simon & Schuster, 2003), p. 278
27. Ibid., p. 276.
28. Bovin, XX vek kak zhizn’, p. 56.
29. Yegor Yakovlev, Ia idu s toboi, pp. 110–11.
30. Yegor Yakovlev in Khvost komety, a documentary film (see endnote 7, p. 356).
31. Alexander Tvardovsky, Chestno ia tianul moi voz. Stikhi. Proza. Dnevniki. Pis’ma. Dokumenty. Golosa sovremennikov, ed. by A. Turkov (Moscow: MIK, 2010), p. 10.
32. C. P. Snow, ‘Introduction’, in Alexander Tvardovsky, Tyorkin and the Stove Makers (London: Carcanet Press, 1974), pp. 7–16 (p. 13).
33. Alexander Solzhenitsyn, The Oak and the Calf (London: Collins/Harvill Press, 1980), pp. 14–15.
34. Alexander Tvardovsky, Novomirskii dnevnik, 1961–1966 (Moscow: PROZAiK, 2009), p. 111.
35. Latsis, Tshchatel’no splanirovannoe samoubiistvo, p. 63.
36. Bovin, XX vak kak zhihn’, p. 123.
37. Ibid., p. 126.
38. Ibid., p. 109.
39. Alexander Borin, ‘Da zdravstvuiet privereda!’, Zhurnalist, 4 (1967), p. 54.
40. Pressa v obshchestve (1959–2000). Otsenki zhurnalistov i sotsiologov. Dokumenty (Moscow: Moskovkaia shkola politicheskikh issledovanii, 2000), pp. 470–2.
41. ‘Prazhskaia vesna’ i mezhdunarodnyi krizis 1968 goda: dokumenty, ed. by N. Tomilina, S. Karner and A. Chubarian (Moscow: Mezhdunarodnyi fond ‘Demokratiia’: 2010), p. 197.
42. Bovin, XX vek kak zhizn’, p. 184.
43. Ibid., p. 189.
44. Alexander Galich, Kogda ia vernus’ (Frankfurt am Main: Posev, 1981), p. 29.
45. Quoted from Leonid Parfenov’s film Deti XX s’ezda, Moscow, 1987.
46. On Karpinsky, see David Remnick, Lenin’s Tomb: The Last Days of the Soviet Empire (New York: Random House, 1993), pp. 169–79.
47. L. Okunev (Len Karpinsky), ‘Words are Also Deeds’ in Stephen F. Cohen (ed.), An End to Silence: Uncensored Opinion in the Soviet Union from Roy Medvedev’s underground magazine, Political Diary (New York: W. W. Norton, 1982), pp. 300–310 (p. 306).
48. Mikhail Fedotov, ‘Zakon SSSR o pechati kak iuridicheskoe litso’, Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie, 83 (2007), p. 115.
49. Okunev (Len Karpinsky), ‘Words are Also Deeds’, p. 308.
50. Alexander Yakovlev, Sumerki, p. 312.
51. Alexander Yakovlev, Omut pamiati, vol. 1, p. 256.
52. Alexander Tvardovsky, Novomirskii dnevnik, 1961–1966, p. 471.
53. Alexander Yakovlev, ‘Protiv antiistorizma’, Literarurnaya gazeta, 15 November 1972, p. 5. For detailed discussion on the subject of the nationalists in the Communist Party, see Nikolai Mitrokhin, Russkaia partiia. Dvizhenie russkikh natsionalistov v SSSR 1953–1985 (Moscow: NLO, 2003).
54. Alexander Yakovlev, Omut pamiati, vol. 1, p. 272.
55. Vasily Grossman, Life and Fate (New York: Random House, 2011), p. 379.
56. Alexander Yakovlev, Omut pamiati, vol. 1, p. 45.
57. Ibid., p. 305.
58. Ibid., p. 306.
59. Alexander Solzhenitsyn, ‘Live Not by Lies’, Washington Post, 18 February 1974, p. 26.
60. Alexander Solzhenitsyn, ‘Obrazovanshchina’, Novy Mir 5 (1991), pp. 28–46.
61. Andrei Amalrik, Will the Soviet Union Survive until 1984? (New York: Harper & Row, 1981), p. 24.
62. Irina Yakovleva, interview with the author, May 2012.
63. Documentary film Khvost komety.
64. Latsis, Tshchatel’no splanirovannoe samoubiistvo, p. 173.