French Revolution, 22, 216n10
Gödel, Kurt, 53, 218–19n29, 222–23n63
Gorgo, queen of Sparta, 45–46, 47–48
grammar
of change, 97–104
inadequacy of, 105–15, 132–34
granularity, quantum mechanics, 83–85, 124–25
spin networks, 126, 127, 224–25n75
gravitational field, 74–79, 90, 124, 195, 197, 198–99
and granularity, 83, 124–25
Hamiltonian H, 223–24n67, 224n72, 225nn81–82
heat, 22–26, 160, 165
and entropy. See entropy
thermal time, 134–38, 139–40, 142, 196, 225n87
thermodynamics. See thermodynamics
Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich, 200
Heidegger, Martin, 84, 186, 200n
helium, 163
Hilbert space, 224n72, 224n74
Hildegard of Bingen, 154–55
Hindu mythology, 1, 17, 166, 205, 208
Hofmannstahl, Hugo von: Der Rosenkavalier, 191–92
Hume, David, 176
Husserl, Edmund, 183, 184–86, 228n114
hydrogen, 163
identity, 171–92, 199
impermanence, 97. See also change
indeterminacy, quantum mechanics, 87–89, 124–28, 140, 196
and blurring, 140–42, 170
indexicality, 151–55
Isham, Chris, 121–22
Isidore of Seville, 85
Ismael, Jenann T., 226n95
Job, 206
Kant, Immanuel, 184
Kepler, Johannes, 101–3
Kuchar, Karel, 121–22
Lagrange, Joseph-Louis, 216n10
Lavoisier, Antoine, 216n10
Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm, 68, 220–21n48
Leonidas I, 45–46, 47
light, 41, 50, 74
cones, 50–55, 77, 88
granularity of, 85, 124
and indeterminacy in quantum mechanics, 88
photons, 85, 124, 160–61
loop theory/loop quantum gravity, 82, 85, 124–28
Lorentz, Hendrik, 218n25
Louis XVI, 22
Mahābhārata, 205, 208
Maimonides, 85
Marat, Jean-Paul, 216n10
Maroun, Samy, 219n34
mass, time slowed by, 9–13, 76–77, 194, 197, 198
Matthew, Gospel of, 58
Maxwell’s equations, 14, 39–40, 103, 216n11
McTaggart, John, 221–22n60
memory/memories, 21, 121, 149, 166, 169–70, 196
identity, time and, 178–92
Milinda Pañha, 172–73
music, 182, 184, 191–92, 212
nervous system, 175, 179–80, 187
neurons/neural structures, 62, 175–76, 180, 188, 202, 228n14
Newton, Isaac, 64–69, 69–76, 77–78, 117
equations, 14, 67, 216–17n12
mechanics, 14, 103
Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica, 183
Newtonian gravity, 215n5
noncommutativity
quantum, 138–40, 199
Von Neumann algebra, 139, 225n85, 225n87
nostalgia, 120, 123, 202
nuclear fission, 163
Ockham, William of, 183
Parmenides, 200
partial order, 46–48, 139, 219n31
particularity, 16, 30–34, 91, 146–51, 162, 170, 188–89, 194, 196, 198
past traces, 166–67, 181, 183, 187, 196–97. See also memory/memories
Penrose, Roger, 137–38
perspective, 4, 5, 122, 143–57, 196–97
blurring, 21–36, 135–37, 140–41, 144–51, 154, 170, 196, 199
and entropy, 146–57. See also entropy: and blurring
and indexicality, 151–55
and particularity. See particularity
subjectivity/identity/consciousness and time, 3, 5, 20–21, 57–58, 63, 171–92, 199–202
photons, 85, 124, 160– 61
photosynthesis, 164
Planck constant, 221nn51–52
Planck length, 85–86
Planck scale, 83, 125–26
Planck time, 83
Plato, 101, 102, 200
Pleistarchus, 45–46, 47
prediction, 175, 179–80, 189, 207
and loop theory, 85, 128
present, 33, 43–44, 193–94
meaninglessness of “now,” and loss of the present, 37–56, 107–8, 194
temporal structure of universe without the present, 45–56, 106–7, 109–10
presentism, 106, 108, 222–23n63
probability, quantum mechanics. See indeterminacy, quantum mechanics
proper time, 16, 40, 216n8
Proust, Marcel, 188
Putnam, Hilary, 222n62
quantum field theory, 15
quantum gravity, 4, 81, 91, 119–20
loop quantum gravity, 82, 85, 124–28
quantum mechanics, 14, 79, 81–92, 103, 195
and granularity, 83–85, 124–25
and indeterminacy. See indeterminacy, quantum mechanics
and loop quantum gravity, 82, 85, 124–28
noncommutativity, 138–40
and quanta of time, 81–92. See also quantum time
quantum superpositions of times, 87–88
relationality, 89–90
and relativity, 81–83, 138
quantum time, 138–42
spinfoam and “quantum spacetime,” 126
reality, 1–2, 74, 78, 99
and the block universe, 109, 222n62
collective delirium and our vision of, 211
and inadequacy of grammar, 105–15
and memory, 178–92. See also memory/memories
relations, events and world dynamics without a time variable, 117–28, 195–96
reason, 208–9
Reichenbach, Hans, 200, 227nn99–100
relationality
quantum mechanics, 89–90
relations, events and world dynamics without a time variable, 117–28, 195–96
relativity, 14–17, 46, 145
and experience of flow of time, 138
general theory of, 15–16
and quantum mechanics, 81–83, 138. See also quantum mechanics
special, 48, 218n16
Rilke, Rainer Maria: Duino Elegies, 20, 36
Russell, Bertrand, 169
Saadi Shirazi, 22–23
Schrödinger equations, 14–15, 102, 224n72
Shiva, 1, 17, 166
simultaneity, 218n27, 222n62
slowing of time, 9–13, 37–40, 76, 194, 197, 198
Smolin, Lee, 219n34
Sophocles: Oedipus Rex, 5
spacetime
and Aristotle, 63–79, 97
curved, 77, 210
“empty space,” 70–71
and eternalism, 108–9. See also block universe
fluctuations, 88–90
granularity, 83–85, 124–25
gravitational field. See gravitational field
loss of, 95–128, 195
and quantum mechanics. See quantum mechanics
spinfoam and “quantum spacetime,” 126. See also loop theory/loop quantum gravity
structure of, 48–56, 73–79, 106–7, 109, 184, 197–98
“true” time and Newton’s space, 65–79
special relativity theory, 48, 218n26
speed, 145
acceleration, 17n, 216n7, 216–17n12
time slowed by, 37–40, 194, 197
spin networks, 126, 127, 224–25n75
spinfoam, 126
Strasburg Cathedral, 59
Strauss, Richard: Der Rosenkavalier, 191–92
string theory, 82
suffering, 115, 190–91, 206
sundials, 59–61
synapses, 107–8
Tempier, Étienne, 182
temporal precedence, 48
thermal time, 134–38, 139–40, 142, 196, 222n87
thermodynamics
second law of, 21–28, 149, 160, 165
and thermal time, 137, 142. See also thermal time
variables, 226n93
time
absence, and equations without a time variable, 96, 117–28, 195, 199, 220n47
Anaximander and the order of, 14–15, 100–101
arrow of, 19–36, 147–50, 194, 195, 196
Augustine on, 180–83
clock-regulated, 59–63. See also clocks
closed lines, 53n
and diurnal rhythms, 62–63
dividing and measuring, 58–64
Einstein on illusion of, 108–9, 114
and emotion, 141, 200–201, 211–12
and eternalism, 108–9. See also block universe
flow of. See flow of time