4 William C. Wohlforth, ed., Witnesses to the End of the Cold War (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996), 106.
5 Anatoly Dobrynin, In Confidence (New York: Times Books, 1995), 471-72.
6 Text of the President’s News Conference, January 29, 1981, Ronald Reagan Presidential Library.
7 Author interview with Richard Allen, November 2, 2004.
8 Dobrynin, In Confidence, 490-91.
9 Author interview with Dennis Blair, March 25, 2005.
10 Ronald Reagan, Address to Members of the British Parliament, June 8, 1982.
11 Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, White House Staff and Office Files, Anthony Dolan, Box 19, speech drafts.
12 Ronald Reagan, Address of National Association of Evangelicals, March 8, 1983.
13 Stuart Spencer, oral interview, Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia, November 15, 2001, 119; Ronald Reagan, An American Life, 568-70.
14 The text of NSDD-75 was declassified and published in Robert C. McFarlane, Special Trust, (New York, Cadell & Davies, 1994), 372-80.
15 Richard Pipes, Vixi: Memoirs of a Non-Believer (New Haven, Yale University Press, 2003), 198; Thomas C. Reed, At the Abyss (New York: Ballantine Books, 2005), 240.
16 Pipes, Vixi Memoirs, pp. 201-2.
17 Jack F. Matlock, Jr., Reagan and Gorbachev (New York: Random House, 2004), 24-25.
18 Author interview with Peter Rodman, April 25, 2005.
19 Dobrynin, In Confidence, 554.
Chapter 5: Nixon Detects Gorbachev’s “Steel Fist”
1 Henry A. Kissinger, “Reagan Must Seize the Middle Ground,” Los Angeles Times, November 18, 1984, E-1.
2 Michael Dobbs, Down With Big Brother (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1997), 26.
3 Richard Nixon, “Meeting the Russians at the Summit,” New York Times, September 1, 1985, sect. 4, 13.
4 Memorandum on conversation with General Secretary Gorbachev at the Kremlin, July 18, 1986, Ronald Reagan postpresidential correspondence, Richard Nixon Library.
5 Ibid.
6 Anatoly S. Chernyaev, My Six Years With Gorbachev (University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2000), 76-77.
Chapter 6: Abolition
1 Kenneth Adelman, oral interview, Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Viginia, September 30, 2003.
2 The fullest exposition of Reagan’s antinuclear views is in Paul Lettow, Ronald Reagan and His Quest to Abolish Nuclear Weapons (New York: Random House, 2005). For accounts of the 1976 speech, see Lettow, 30-31, and Jim Kuhn, Ronald Reagan in Private (New York: Sentinel, 2004), 19-20.
3 Hoover Institution/Gorbachev Foundation Oral History Project, Interview with Michael Deaver, June 6, 2000. See also “Reagan Says U.S. Should Have Acted,” (unsigned), Los Angeles Times, January 27, 1968, 8.
4 Thomas C. Reed, At the Abyss: An Insider’s History of the Cold War (New York: Ballantine Books, 2005), 241-46.
5 Ronald Reagan, An American Life (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1990), 585-86.
6 Ronald Reagan, The Reagan Diaries, (New York: HarperCollins, 2007), 199. For an extensive examination of the events of this period, see Beth A. Fischer, The Reagan Reversal (Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1997), 112-40.
7 “Excerpts from the President’s Speech in Tokyo,” New York Times, November 11, 1983, A-7; George P. Shultz, Turmoil and Triumph (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1993), 466.
8 Author interview with Frank Carlucci, January 19, 2005; Lettow, Ronald Reagan and His Quest, 234-35.
9 Author interview with Thomas Simons, May 17, 2006. Actually, Reagan won forty-nine states in 1984, losing only Minnesota and the District of Columbia.
10 James Kuhn, oral interview, Miller Center, March 7, 2003.
11 Ronald Reagan letter to George Murphy, December 19, 1985, in Ronald Reagan Presidential Library.
12 Anatoly S. Chernyaev, My Six Years with Gorbachev (University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2000), 52-53.
13 Anatoly Dobrynin, In Confidence (New York: Times Books, 1995), 603; Jack F. Matlock, Jr., Reagan and Gorbachev (New York: Random House, 2004), 176-78.
14 Chernyaev, My Six Years, 59.
15 Mikhail Gorbachev, Memoirs (New York: Doubleday, 1995), 414; Chernyaev, My Six Years, 78-79.
16 Henry Kissinger, “Danger at the Summit,” Newsweek, October 13, 1986, 38.
17 Memorandum of Conversation, October 12, 1986, 3:25 p.m.-6 p.m., Hofdi House, Reykjavik, in Ronald Reagan Presidential Library; George P. Shultz, Turmoil and Triumph (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1993), 772.
18 Kuhn oral interview, Miller Center, 46-47.
19 William C. Wohlforth, ed., Witnesses to the End of the Cold War (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996), 175.
20 “Memorandum for the President from John M. Poindexter, Nov. 1, 1986, “Guidance for Post-Reykjavik Follow-up Activities,” and “Dec. 18, 1986: Meeting with the Joint Chiefs of Staff,” in National Security Archive collection, The Reykjavik File: http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB203/index.htm.
21 “Session of the Politburo, Oct. 14, 1986,” in National Security Archive; Chernyaev, My Six Years, 5.
Chapter 7: Conservative Uproar
1 Author interview with Brent Scowcroft, May 26, 2006.
2 Author interview with Nelson Ledsky, March 3, 2005; George P. Shultz, Turmoil and Triumph (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1993), 776.
3 Author interview with Fritz W. Ermarth, January 25, 2005.
4 Richard Nixon and Henry Kissinger, “A Real Peace,” National Review, May 22, 1987, 32-34. For relationship of Nixon and Kissinger, see Henry A. Kissinger, Years of Renewal (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1999), 87.
5 “An Interview with Richard Nixon,” Time magazine, May 4, 1987, 23.
6 Henry A. Kissinger, “Kissinger: How to Deal with Gorbachev,” Newsweek, March 2, 1987.
7 “An Interview with Richard Nixon,” Time; “Kissinger: How to Deal with Gorbachev,” Newsweek.
8 Kuhn oral interview, 231-32.
9 Author interview with George Will, April 12, 2005; George F. Will, “The Opiate of Arms Control,” Newsweek, April 27, 1987, 86; Charles Krauthammer, “Gorbachev’s Iron Smile,” Washington Post, April 24, 1987, A27.
10 Hoover Institution/Gorbachev Foundation oral interview with Lyn Nofziger, June 5, 2000, 27-28.
Chapter 8: The Conversation
1 Author interview with Frank Carlucci, January 19, 2005.
2 Richard Nixon, “Memorandum to the File, Meeting with President Reagan at the White House, 5 p.m., April 28, 1987.”