Louis, Duke of Orleans (1462–98), see Louis XII, King of France
Orley, Bernaert van (1492?-1542), 506
Orsini, Alfonsina (1472–1519), 141, 143
Orsini, Battista (d. 1503), 406, 424
Orsini, Clarice (1453–87), 111, 250, 579
Orsini, Francesco, Duke of Gravina (d. 1502), 423, 424
Orsini, Giulio (1503), 424–425
Orsini, Iacopo (d. 1379), 361
Orsini, Laura (b. 1492), 413
Orsini, Napoleone (1263–1342), 54
Orsini, Orsino, 413
Orsini, Paolo (d. 1503), 420–421, 423, 424
Orsini, Virginio (d. 1497), 409, 410, 411
Orsini family, 374, 396, 416, 423, 424–425, 434, 437, 442
Orvieto, 634
duomo, 27, 35, 376
Signorelli’s frescoes in the duomo, 234–235, 236
Otho I, Holy Roman Emperor (936–73), 261
Otho III, Holy Roman Emperor (983–1002), 339
Ottoman Turks, 283, 284
Ovid (Publius Ovidius Naso: 43 B.C.-A.D. 17), 10
P
Pacioli, Luca (c. 1450-c. 1520), 196, 222, 225
Padua, 21–23, 280–281
Arena Chapel, 22;
Eremitani, 22
Reggia, 22
Salone, 21–22
II Santo, 21
Padua, siege of, 617
Pageant of Popes, The (John Bale), 483
pageants, 117–118
Pagnini, Sante (c. 1470-c. 1538), 486
Paine, Thomas (1737–1809), 558
Painter, William (c. 1540–94), 699*
Palace of Pleasure (Painter), 699*
Palestrina, Giovanni Pierluigi da (1526–94), 320, 601, 603, 713
Palla, Battista della (1530), 642, 643
Palladio, Andrea (1518–80), 322, 497, 649, 650, 652–653, 679, 713, 714
Palma Giovane (Iacopo Palma: 1544–1628), 650
Palma Vecchio (Iacopo de Antonio de Negreto: 1480–1528), 311
Palmezzano, Marco (c. 1456-c. 1543), 338
Pandects (Justinian the Great), 123
Pandolfini, Agnolo (1360–1446), 587–588
Pannartz, Arnold (1465), 315
Pantaléon, Jacques (c. 1200–64), see Urban IV, Pope
Papal States, 49*, 58, 180, 375, 422, 425, 434, 436–437, 442, 521, 617, 619, 621, 634, 686, 713
Parentucelli, Tommaso (c, 1397–1455), see Nicholas V, Pope
parish priests, 571
Parma, 328, 329, 712–713
duomo, 329
Parmigianino (Francesco Mazzuoli: 1504–40), 332–333
Pascal, Blaise (1623–62), 224
Pasquino (statue in Rome), 374, 414, 519, 622, 654
Passerini, Silvio (fl. 1514–27), 703
Pastor, Ludwig von (1854–1928), 402, 412*, 413*, 426, 434, 435, 573, 645
Pastor fido (Guarini), 712
Paul II (Pietro Barbo), Pope (1464–71), 130, 262, 391–393, 396, 397, 495
Paul III (Alessandro Farnese), Pope (1534–49), 243, 321, 408, 413, 489, 528, 536, 640, 652, 662–663, 690–691, 708, 712, 713, 714–715, 716, 718, 719, 722–723
Paul IV (Giovanni Pietro Caraffa), Pope (1555–59), 574, 689, 719
Pavia, 178–179, 180, 219, 626; Certosa, see Certosa di Pavia
Pavia, battle of, 554, 585, 626
Pavia, Council of, 368
Pazzi, Iacopo de’ (d. 1478), 113, 114
Pazzi conspiracy, 97, 113–114, 200, 395, 526
Pecci, Gioacchino (1810–1903), see Leo XIII, Pope
Pelayo, Alvaro (1330), 54
Pelligrini, 593, 696
Pellegrino da Modena (1483–1523), 333
Penni, Giovanni Francesco (II Fattore: 1488–1528), 504, 505, 511, 512, 638
Pepi, Francesco (1501), 428
Pepin the Short, King of the Franks (751–68), 374
perfumes, 583
Perotti, Niccolò (1430–80), 80, 378
Perugia, 241–243, 452, 453
Perugino’s frescoes in the Cambio, 246–247
Perugino (Pietro Vannucci: 1446–1523), 131, 133, 173, 207, 208, 235, 240, 243–248, 397, 450, 452, 453, 454, 457, 458, 468, 501
Peruzzi, Baldassare (1481–1535), 239, 333, 449, 457, 508, 586, 639–640
Pescara, Marquis of, see Avalos, Ferrante d’
Petracco dell’ Ancisa (d. 1326), 3, 4, 5, 23
Petrarch (Francesco Petrarca: 1304–74), 315, 16, 19–20, 21, 22–23, 24, 34, 36, 37, 38, 39–40, 41–42, 43, 44, 45–47, 48, 55–58, 78, 81, 118,. 128, 176, 178, 291, 315, 319, 320, 354, 384, 439, 489, 530–531, 543, 564, 566, 572, 584, 602, 603, 636
Petrucci, Alfonso (d. 1517), 518
Petrucci, Cesare (1478), 113
Petrucci, Ottaviano de’ (1466–1539), 600
Petrucci, Pandolfo, despot of Siena (14971512), 234, 236–237, 423
Philiberte of Savoy, Duchess of Nemours (1498–1524), 141
Philip IV, King of France (1285–1314), 49, 50, 686
Philip VI, King of France (1328–50), 51, 54
Philip II, King of Spain (1556–98), 657, 663, 664, 680
Philip IV, King of Spain (1621–65), 512
Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy (1419–67), 389, 390, 606
Philodoxus (Alberti), 108
philosophy, 14, 22–23, 80, 537–544
physicians, 530–531
Piagnoni (pro-Savonarola faction), 151, 152, 160, 161
Piccinino, Francesco (d. 1463), 114
Piccolomini, Aeneas Sylvius (1405–64), see Pius II, Pope
Piccolomini, Francesco Todeschini (1459–1503), see Pius III, Pope
Pico della Mirandola, Antonio (d. 1501), 416
Pico della Mirandola, Caterina (1495), 315
Pico della Mirandola, Gianfrancesco (1470–1533), 142
Pico della Mirandola, Giovanni (1463–94), 115, 120, 121–123, 125, 142, 145, 315, 464, 526, 528, 581
Pienza, 386
Piero della Francesca (c. 1416–92), 106, 108, 230–233, 244, 340, 343, 398, 452, 702
portraits of Federigo da Montefeltro and Battista Sforza, 232
True Cross series, Arezzo, 231–232
Piero di Cosimo (1462–1521), 165, 166, 397, 468, 596–597
Pietro di Murrone (1215–96), see Celestine V, St., Pope
piety, 569
Piissimi, Vittoria (1576), 649
Pilatus, Leon (ft. 1360–66), 43
pilgrimages, 569
Pintor, Alexander VI’s physician (1493), 535
Pinturicchio (Bernardino Betti: 1454–1513), 235, 237, 238, 244–245, 397, 407, 428, 450, 453, 639
Pio, Alberto (1475–1531, 315, 317
Pio da Carpi, Emilia (d. 1528), 345, 584
Pio, Lionello (d. 1535), 315
piracy, 637
Pisa, 3–4, 229–230, 549
Campo Santo, 4, 36–37, 230
Pisa, Council of, 363–364
Pisa-Milan, Council of, 445–446, 480, 481
Pisanello (Antonio Pisano: c. 1397–1455), 182, 281, 297, 324, 367
Pisani, Vittore (d. 1380), 41
Pisano: see Andrea Pisano, Giovanni Pisano, Niccolò Pisano
Pistoia, 97, 229
Pitti, Luca (c. 1395-c. 1470), 90, 109, 701
Pius II (Aeneas Sylvius Piccolomini), Pope (1458–64), 105, 244, 284, 340, 353, 374, 383–391, 404, 405, 436, 437, 453, 495, 569, 570–571, 574, 575, 691
Pius III (Francesco Todeschini Piccolomini), Pope (1503), 238, 437, 453
Pius IV (Giovanni Angelo de’ Medici), Pope (1559–65), 711 712, 719–720
Pius V, St. (Michele Ghislieri), Pope (1566–72), 699