Pizzolo, Niccolò (1421–53), 252
plague, 633–634
Platina (Bartolommeo de’ Sacchi: c. 1421–81), 385, 386, 387, 391, 392, 393, 398, 570
Plato (c. 427–347 B.C.), 79, 80, 84, 85, 109, 120–121, 122, 222, 378, 387, 487, 537, 538
Platonic Academy (1445), 80, 120, 696
Plautus, Titus Maccius (c. 255–184 B.C.), 269–270, 291, 598
Pliny the Elder (Gaius Plinius Secundus: 23–79 A.D.), 406, 531
Pliny the Younger (Caius Plinius Caecilius Secundus: 61–113 A.D.), 78
Plotinus (c. 205–270), 80, 538
plumbatores, 401
Plutarch (c. 46-c. 120), 705
Poggio a Caiano, 129
poisoning, 415, 427, 590
Pole, Reginald (1500–58), 493
Politian (Angelo Poliziano: 1454–94), 80, 115, 118, 119, 120, 123–125, 138, 142, 250, 315, 319, 351, 355, 399, 464, 480, 521, 526, 543, 576, 581, 597
political theory, 555–564 passim
Pollaiuolo, Antonio (1429–98), 91, 130, 131, 164, 400, 403
Pollaiuolo, Simone (Il Cronaca: 1454-c. 1508), 129, 130, 149
Polo, Marco (c. 1254–1324), 313, 530
Polybius (c. 205-c. 125 B.C.), 378, 551
Pomponazzi, Pietro (1462–1525), 278, 318, 334, 536, 537, 539–543, 545, 570, 727
Pontano, Giovanni (1426–1503), 353, 354, 355, 696
Ponte, Giovanni da (1512–97), 650
Pontelli, Baccio (c. 1450–1492), 342, 397
Pontine swamps, 397
Pontormo (Iacopo Carrucci: 1494–1556), 76, 702–705
Ponzetti, Ferdinando (c. 1437–1527), 519
popes, temporal power of the, 374–376, 420
population statistics, 576
Porcaro, Stefano (d. 1453), 381, 382
Pordenone (Giovanni Antonio de’ Sacchi: 1483–1539), 198, 321, 650
Porta, Giacomo della (1539–1602), 713, 719, 720
Porta, Guglielmo della (c. 1516–77), 722–723
Porzio, Simone (1497–1454), 543
postal service, 286
Poussin, Nicolas (1594–1665), 683
Practica medicinae (Savonarola), 532
Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges, 369, 388, 620
Prato, 90, 105, 130
preciosity, 594
Predis, Ambrogio de (c. 1450–1520), 197
Previtali, Andrea (c. 1480–1528), 198
Priapus (Bembo), 319
Prignano, Bartolommeo (1318–89), see Urban VI, Pope
Primaticcio, Francesco (1504–70), 258, 259, 728
Prince, The (Machiavelli), 180, 339, 354, 550–552, 561–564, 564–566
printing and publishing, 315–318
Pro Archia (Cicero), 15
procession of the Holy Ghost, 370
prostitution, 576–578
Protestant Reformation, 521, 645, 684, 688
publishing, 696
Pucci, Lorenzo (d. 1531), 512, 520
Pulci, Luigi (1432–84), 11, 115, 125–128, 464, 543, 597
punishments, legal, 286, 376, 592, 690
Pythagoras (6th cent, B.C.), 539
Q
quacks, 532
quarantine, 533
Quercia, Iacopo della (c. 1371–1438), 91, 229, 237, 335, 465, 475, 722
Quintilian (Marcus Fabius Quintilianus: c. 40-c. 100), 78, 351
R
Rabelais, François (1494–1553), 279, 603
Ragionamenti (Aretino), 657–658
Raimondi, Marcantonio (1487–1539), 328, 337, 338, 461, 632, 654
Rambouillet, 594
rape, 575, 632
Raphael (Raffaello Sanzio: 1483–1520), 135, 163, 165, 214, 235, 239, 244–245, 247–248, 259, 278, 312, 319, 320, 322, 328, 331, 332, 336–337, 338, 345, 380, 441, 448, 449, 450, 451–463, 472, 483, 484, 490, 496–497, 498, 501, 502–507, 508, 509–516, 521, 522, 577, 578, 581, 593, 632, 638, 639, 667, 677, 706, 717, 722, 727
Bindo Altoviti, 462–463
La Belle Jardinière, 455
Baldassare Castiglione, 512–513
“Colonna” Madonna, 456
La Disputa, 458–459, 461, 503
La donna velata, 513
Entombment of Christ, 457
Expulsion of Heliodorus, 461
Farnesina frescoes, 510–511
La Fornarina, 512, 513
Julius II, 463, 516, 618, 662, 663, 726
Leo X, 482
Madonna del Cardellino, 455
Madonna della Casa Alba, 462
Madonna del Granduca, 455
Madonna délie Pesce, 462
Madonna della Sedia, 511–512
Mass of Bolsena, 454, 461–462
“Niccolini-Cowper” Madonna, 456–457
Palazzo Pandolfini, Florence, 507
Parnassus, 278, 460, 577
“Pearl” Madonna, 511, 516
St. Cecilia, 337, 512, 513
St. George, 454, 456
Santa Maria della Pace frescoes, 509
School of Athens, 215, 459–460, 461, 475
self-portrait, 452, 456, 460, 461
Sistine frescoes, 454, 511, 513
Lo Spasimo di Sicilia, 512
Sposalizio, 453
tapestry cartoons, 506
Transfiguration, 513–514
Vatican loggie, 505–506, 507
Vatican stanze, 457–462, 463, 475, 504–505
Ravenna, 339
Ravenna, battle of, 446, 618
Reggio Emilia, 333
Regiomontanus (Johann Müller: 1436–76), 398, 529
relics, 526, 569
religion, 291, 556–558
Rembrandt Harmensz van Rijn (1606–69), 677, 726
Renaissance, 46–47, 48, 67–69
Renaissance man, 580–581
Renan, Ernest (1823–92), 558
Renée, Duke of Anjou (1434–80), 349, 353, 610
Renée of France, Duchess of Ferrara (1510–75), 279
Reni, Guido (1575–1642), 332
Republic (Plato), 605
Reuchlin, Johann (1455–1522), 123, 398, 728
Rhodes, 624
Rhymed Chronicle of Urbino (Santi), 452
Riario, Girolamo (d. 1488), 113, 338, 395, 396, 397, 398, 399
Riario, Ottaviano (late 15th cent.), 337–339, 419
Riario, Pietro (1446–74), 394–395, 396, 397
Riario, Raffaelle (d. 1521), 401, 418, 462, 466, 595
Ribera, José (1588–1652), 727
Riccio (Andrea Briosco: c. 1470–1532), 281
Richelieu, Armand Jean du Plessis, Cardinal de (1585–1642), 564
Ridolfo, Carlo (c, 1598–1650), 668, 669
Rienzo, Cola di (1313–54), 16–21, 46, 52, 381, 445
Rime (Michelangelo), 717–718
Rimini, 108, 339–341, 725
Tempio Malatestiano (San Francesco, later Santa Colomba), 340, 725
Rizzo, Antonio (c. 1430–08), 293–294, 295
Robbia, Andrea della (1435–1525), 164–165, 533
Robbia, Giovanni della (1469–1529), 164–165, 229, 533
Robbia, Luca della (1397–1482), 24, 97, 164, 233, 586
Robert of Geneva (c. 1342–94), see Clement VII, Antipope
Robert the Wise, King of Naples (1309–43), 9–10, 14, 24, 51, 356
Roberti, Ercole de’ (c, 1450–96), 267