Sforza, Battista, Duchess of Urbino (d. 1472), 232
Sforza, Bianca Maria, wife of Maximilian I, 188, 207, 614
Sforza, Caterina (1463–1509), 338–339, 419, 420, 548, 584, 699
Sforza, Francesco, Duke of Milan (1450–66), 76, 177, 182–184, 193, 389, 390, 533, 610
Sforza, Francesco Maria, Duke of Milan (1522–35), 621, 626, 627, 636, 645, 711
Sforza, Galeazzo Maria, Duke of Milan (1466–76), 111–112, 177, 179, 184, 206, 338, 600
Sforza, Giangaleazzo, Duke of Milan (147681), 184, 185, 188–189
Sforza, Giovanni (d. 1510), 416, 420, 421, 429, 442
Sforza, Lodovico (1451–1508), Duke of Milan (1481–99), 173, 179, 184–191, 192, 197, 202, 203, 204, 206–207, 219, 257, 266, 200, 338, 345, 419, 429, 430, 457, 591, 600, 611, 612, 613–614
Sforza, Massimiliano, Duke of Milan (1512–15), 188, 214, 618, 619
Shakespeare, William (1564–1616), 15, 47, 272, 280, 455, 698, 699*, 726
shoes, 583–584
Sidney, Sir Philip (1554–86), 356, 727
Siena, 34–37, 236–240
church of Fontegiusta, 640
duomo, 27, 35, 237
Fonte Gaia, 237;
Palazzo Pubblico, 35, 36
Torre di Mangia, 35
Siena, Council of, 368
Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor (1411–37), 353, 364–365, 366, 367, 370
Signorelli, Luca (1441–1524), 173, 233–236, 245, 397, 450, 457, 458, 475, 498, 703, 722
Holy Family (Uffizi), 234
Orvieto frescoes, 234–235, 475, 722
School of Pan, 234
silk industry, 186
Silvestri, Guido Postumo (1479–1521), 492
Simonetta, see Vespucci, Simonetta
simony, 53–54, 154, 400–401, 408, 414, 442, 519, 589, 623, 637
singing and singers, 600, 601, 602
Sismondi, Simonde de (1773–1842), 230
Sixtus IV (Francesco della Rovere), Pope (1471–84), 112–113, 114–115, 130, 138, 165, 234, 245, 263, 292, 343, 374, 393–399, 400, 405, 418, 441, 477, 484, 495, 526, 528, 529, 573, 601, 602, 610, 689
Skanderbeg (George Castriota: c. 1400–68), 390
skepticism, 539, 540–544, 569
slavery, 174, 591, 592, 690
Society of Jesus, 689, 691, 714
Soderini, Francesco (1453–1524), 472, 624
Soderini, Pietro (c. 1450–1513), 149, 162, 163, 210, 213, 469, 470, 472, 547, 549
Soderini, Vittorio (1503), 426
Sodoma (Giovanni Antonio Bazzi: 1477–1549), 214, 228, 233, 235, 238–239, 457, 458, 461, 502, 508, 639
sodomy, 576
Solari, Andrea (fl. 1493–1515 or 1520), 228, 295
Solari, Cristoforo (c. 1450-c. 1500), 187, 190, 196, 197, 295
Solari family, see also Lombardo
Sophinisba (Trissino), 598
Soppositi, I (Ariosto), 273, 490
Sopra la bellezza delle donne (Firenzuola), 582
Soranus of Ephesus (c. 100), 532
Sorel, Agnès (c. 1422–50), 606
Sorte, Cristoforo (1577), 650
Spagno, Lo (Giovanni di Pietro: c. 1470–1528) 484*
Sposalizio del Mare, Venice, 290
Spencer, Herbert (1820–1903), 558
Spenser, Edmund (c. 1552–99), 356, 727
spices, 594
Spilimbergo, Irene da (1530), 314–315
Spinello Aretino (c. 1346–1410), 230
Spinoza, Baruch (1632–77), 538, 728
Spoleto, 106
sports, 595
spy system, 699
Squarcialupi, Antonio (d. c. 1475), 115, 601, 602
Squarcione, Francesco (1394–1474), 251, 252, 280–281, 298, 302
Stamina, Gherardo (c. 1354-c. 1408), 100
state as god, 565–566
States of the Church, see Papal States
Stefaneschi, Iacopo Caetani (c. 1270–1343), 25–26
Stefano da Zevio (c. 1374-c. 1439), 324–325
Stephanium (Armonio), 291
Storia Florentina (Guicciardini), 544–545
Storia d’Italia (Guicciardini), 545–547
Storie Florentine (Machiavelli), 545, 554
Strabo (c. 60 B.C.-c. A.D. 25), 378
Strozzi, Alessandra (fl. 1447–65), 568, 578
Strozzi, Ercole (1471–1508), 270, 440
Strozzi, Filippo (1426–91), 129, 130, 140, 576
Strozzi, Giambattista (1530), 644
Strozzi, Lorenzo (1519), 577–578
Strozzi, Palla (1372–1462), 77, 79, 377
Strozzi, Tito Vespasiano (c. 1422-c. 1506), 270, 276, 440
Stuart, Bernard, Seigneur d’Aubigny (c. 1447–1508), 615
Suleiman I the Magnificent, Sultan of Turkey (1520–66), 527
Summis desiderantes (Innocent VIII), 527
surgery, 532–533
Sweynheim, Conrad (1465), 315
Swineshead, Richard (1337), 692
Swiss mercenaries, 613, 618, 619, 621
Sylvae (Politian), 123
Sylvester I, Pope (314–35), 352, 450
Symonds, John Addington (1840–93), 639–640, 673
syphilis, 441, 534–536, 537
Syphilis (Fracastoro), 536
T
Table Talk (Luther), 533–534
Tacitus, Cornelius (c. 55-after 117), 43, 78, 488
Tafi, Andrea (c. 1250–1320), 91
Taine, Hippolyte Adolphe (1828–93), 728
Talanta (Aretino), 658
Talenti, Francesco (14th cent.), 24
Talleyrand-Périgord, Hélie de (1301–64), 37
tapestries, designed by Raphael, 506
Tarralba, Eugenio (1528), 543–544
Tartaglia, Niccolò (c. 1500–47), 691
Tartuffe (Molière), 658
Tasso, Bernardo (1493–1569), 255, 606
Tasso, Giambattista (1540), 706
Tasso, Torquato (1544–95), 602, 606, 712
taxation, 263, 637
Tebaldeo, Antonio (1463–1537), 440, 492
Telesio, Bernardino (1500–88), 695, 727
Tenda, Beatrice, Duchess of Milan (d. 1415), 182
Teogenio (Alberti), 108
Terence (Publius Terentius Afer: c. 190–159 B.C.), 169, 291, 598
Tertullian (c. 160-c. 230), 378
Teseide (Boccaccio), 11
Theodoric, King of the Ostrogoths (474–526), 554
Theologia platonica (Ficino), 538
Thomas Aquinas, St. (c. 1225–74), 143, 537, 538, 539
Thomas of Sarzana, see Nicholas V, Pope
Thucydides (c. 470-c. 400 B.C.), 378
Tibaldi, Pellegrino (1527–96), 712
Tiepolo, Bajamente (d. c. 1329), 285
Tiepolo, Ginevra, 3rd wife of Giovanni Sforza, 429
Tiepolo, Giovanni Battista (1696–1770), 683
Tintoretta (Marietta Robusti: 1560–90), 675, 676
Tintoretto (Domenico Robusti: 1565–1637), 675–676
Tintoretto (Iacopo Robusti: 1518–94), 295, 649, 650, 656, 668–677, 681, 682, 694
Bacchus and Ariadne, 673
Crucifixion, 672
Doges’ Palace frescoes, 675–676, 677
Glory of Paradise (Doges’ Palace), 675–676
Origin of the Milky Way, 673
portraits, 674
religious subjects in categories, 670*-671*