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breast imagery, 84–86, 101, 102, 212, 214, 230–35

Breger, Louis, 243, 263, 289

Brenner, Charles, 112, 267

Brezhnev, Leonid, 160, 179, 275

Bridger, Susan, 175, 271, 275, 277, 278

Brodsky, David, 33, 56, 256, 257

Brody, Leslie, 266

Bronfenbrenner, Urie, 119, 267, 271, 283, 284

Brostrom, Kenneth, 24, 26, 254

Brown, Edward J., 269

Brown, Murphy, 168

Browning, Gary, 236, 287, 288

Brudnyi, V. I., 279

Brunswick, Ruth, 265

Brun-Zejmis, Julia, 60, 255, 260, 264

Buckley, Mary, 275, 276, 278

Bukina, Irina, 284

Bulgakov, Sergei, 46, 67

Caplan, Paula, 266

Carey, Claude, 268

castration, 26, 28

castration anxiety, 172–74, 270

Catherine the Great, 193

Chaadaev, Petr, 30, 31, 32, 35, 58, 60, 90, 255, 256, 257, 264, 286

Chaitin, Gilbert, 263

Chancer, Lynn, 103, 266

Chances, Ellen, 259, 289

charivari, 217, 285

Charme, Stuart, 253

Chaseguet-Smirgel, Janine, 214, 252, 285

Cherniavsky, Michael, 252, 253, 262, 271, 272, 273

Chernyshevskii, Nikolai, 43, 45, 58, 258

Chisholm, James, 267

Chodorow, Nancy, 265, 271

Christ. See Jesus

Christoff, Peter, 257

chronicles, 18–19, 32, 182

Chvany, Catherine, 268, 271

Clark, Katerina, 83, 254, 263

Clines, F., 285

Coe, Richard, 142, 272

collective, 4, 6, 38–43, 56, 60, 68, 83, 110, 156, 202–44, 257–58, 283, 285–86

communal interaction. See collective

communism, 43, 204–5, 226–27, 237

Comte, Auguste, 146

Condee, Nancy, 113, 267

Confino, Michael, 222, 285

Cooper, Arnold, 96–97, 99, 265, 266, 267

corporal punishment, 35–37, 125, 136, 184, 268, 279

“country of fools,” 122–23

Cox, Gary, 252

Crecelius, Ellen, 269

Crone, Lisa, 51, 259

Cross, A. G., 192, 278, 281

Crummey, Robert, 25, 253, 254

cultural variation, 112–16, 159, 214–15

culture of masochism, 8, 17, 116, 245, 246

Dahl, Vladimir, 13, 66, 70, 114, 125, 148, 152, 154, 182, 185, 189, 198, 209, 219, 220, 236, 251, 261, 262, 267, 268, 269, 270, 271, 272, 273, 274, 277, 278, 279, 280, 284, 285, 288

Dallin, David, 249

Dalton, Elizabeth, 263

Danilov, Kirsha, 271

da Vinci, Leonardo, 231

De Armond, Richard, 274

death, 51–54, 70, 72–77, 200, 220–21, 225–26, 262

death instinct, 7, 250, 265

de Custine, Astolphe, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 54, 60, 61, 69, 90, 256, 257, 260, 261

defiance, 48–49, 56, 98, 119, 120, 132, 143, 265

DeMause, Lloyd, 252

demonology, 20, 282

Denisovich, Ivan, 149

depression, 31, 82, 100

descent, 3, 13, 28, 48, 80, 203

Deutsch, Helene, 159, 266

“devichnik,” 194

Dicks, Henry, 9, 138, 145, 250, 272, 273

Dinnerstein, Dorothy, 96, 265

dissidents, 60, 63

Dmitrieva, S. I., 280

domestic tasks, 160–80

Domostroi, 1

Dostoevsky, Fedor, 3, 22, 36, 41, 46, 50, 55, 67, 68 69, 78, 79, 80, 81, 84, 87, 90, 91, 92, 94, 102, 139, 142, 145, 148, 183, 204, 213, 234, 235, 236, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 247, 249, 257, 260, 262, 263, 266, 273, 280, 287, 288, 289

double burden, 160–68, 174–80, 275

Dowler, W., 289

Dreizin, Felix, 250, 251, 272

Drummond, D. A., 272

Druzhnikov, Yuri, 254, 256, 260, 261, 268, 270, 274, 279

Dudko, Dmitrii, 60

Dukhobors, 25

Dundes, Alan, 267, 280

Dunham, Vera, 47, 169, 172, 259, 272, 277

Dunlop, John, 27, 254

Dunn, Patrick, 262, 267, 280

Durova, Nadezhda, 76, 77, 262

Easter, 50, 75, 146

Efimenko, Aleksandra, 150, 152, 154, 274

ego ideal, 214

Egor (Shukshin), 79

Eklof, Ben, 268

Elkins, Stanley, 252

Engel, Barbara, 281

Engel’gardt, Aleksandr, 45

Engels, Friedrich, 166, 271, 276

envy, 207–9

Epiphanius, 20, 26

Epshtein, Mikhail, 262

Eremina, V. I., 262, 269, 282

Erikson, Erik, 251, 252, 267

Erofeev, Viktor, 204, 256

Esaulov, I., 283

escape from self, 108–9

Evreinov, N., 268

Evtushenko, Evgenii, 61, 62, 123, 260

Exhibitionism, 21–22, 28, 81, 99, 107–8, 110

Farnsworth, Beatrice, 262

fascism, 108–9, 226, 227

Fasmer, M., 288

fatalism. See sud’ba

fathering, role of, 15, 31, 52, 87, 94, 96, 105, 119, 134–37, 144, 156–57, 197, 203, 219, 225, 233

Fedorov, Nikolai, 41, 51, 52, 54, 236, 259, 286

Fedotov, George, 19, 21, 26, 28, 44, 45, 46, 60, 221, 252, 254, 258, 259, 262, 263, 266, 272, 285, 288

female dominance, 168–70, 171, 173, 178

feminism, 104–5, 168, 177–80, 271

Fenichel, Otto, 69, 98, 101, 253, 261, 264, 265, 276

Field, Daniel, 251

Filippovna, Nastasia, 80, 148

Fisher, Seymour, 265

Fletcher, Giles, 12, 21, 251, 253

Flugel, J. C., 252

fools, 8, 12, 82, 122–33, 219, 270

forgiveness, 113–15

Frank, S., 285

freedom, 37–42, 48, 55–57, 67. 91, 108, 142, 150, 194, 198, 227, 229

“free theocracy,” 41

Freud, Sigmund, 7, 46, 48, 49, 56, 67, 68, 93, 94, 98, 103, 104, 106, 134, 155, 156, 231, 233, 250, 251, 261, 263, 264, 265, 266, 269, 284, 287

Friedrich, Paul, 137, 187, 271, 279

Frolenko, M., 44

Fromm, Erich, 108, 266

Gamaiunov, Igor, 268, 280

Garrard, John, 264

Geha, Richard, 263

Gel’man, Aleksandr, 123, 268

gender, 2, 57, 87, 102–5, 130, 134–80, 229–30

Gippius, Zinaida, 49

glasnost, 61

Glazov, Iurii, 60, 254

Glickman, Rose, 275

Godlevskii, V. V., 278

Godunov, Boris, 30

Gogol, Nikolai, 27, 28, 78, 90, 254

“going to the people,” 44

Goldberg, K., 278

Golod, S., 164, 275, 276, 277

Golovanov, Vasilii, 64, 249, 261

Gorbachev, Mikhail, 60–61

Gorer, Geoffrey, 117, 120, 222, 267, 285

Gorin, Grigorii, 257

Gor’kii, Maksim, v, 10, 22, 128, 142, 251, 253, 259, 262, 263, 269

Gorodetzky, Nadejda, 28, 44, 45, 78, 79, 254, 258, 263, 272

Gorskii, V., 5, 249

Grafova, Lidiia, 63, 211, 261, 277, 284

Grass, Karl, 254

Gray, Francine, 165, 177, 178, 189, 273, 276, 277, 278, 280

Greenberg, Jay, 265

Gromyko, Marina, 114, 255, 267, 274, 279, 283, 285

Grossman, Vasilii, xi, 3, 58, 60, 89, 90, 91, 92, 134, 249, 260, 264

guilt, 31, 43, 44, 46, 47, 74, 80, 81, 100–102, 104, 111, 112–16, 117, 120, 141, 158, 174–77, 183, 187, 220, 235–38, 263, 267, 287–88

gulag. See prison

Gurova, Irina, 278

Gustafson, Richard, 267

Guy, James, 253

Gvozdikova, L. S., 281, 282

Hackel, Sergei, 272

Hansson, Carola, 145, 165, 176, 271, 273, 275, 276, 277, 278

Heldt, Barbara, 273

Heller, Mikhail, 8, 205, 250, 252, 261

Hellie, Richard, 249, 251, 252

Herzen, Alexander, 31, 42, 43, 47, 237, 255, 256, 258, 262, 472

Heuvel, Katrina vanden, 278

Hingley, Ronald, 12, 249, 251