75III, App.
76III, def. 3.
77IV, def. 8.
78III, 55, cor. 2.
79IV, 20.
80T. T-P., ch. 16.
81IV, 18 note.
82Ibid.
83III, 55.
84IV, 54.
85III, App., def. 29.
86Ibid., and III, 55, note.
87IV, App., def. 21.
88IV, 45.
89IV, App. 11.
90IV, 26.
91III, 59, note.
92To phrase it in later terms: reflex action is a local response to a local stimulus; instinctive action is a partial response to part of a situation; reason is total response to the whole situation.
93IV, 44, note.
94IV, 60.
95IV, 7, 14.
96V, 3.
97Notice the resemblance between the last two quotations and the psychoanalytic doctrine that desires are “complexes” only so long as we are not aware of the precise causes of these desires, and that the first element in treatment is therefore an attempt to bring the desire and its causes to consciousness—to form “adequate ideas” of it and them.
98IV, 62.
99Cf. Professor Dewey: “A physician or engineer is free in his thought and his action in the degree in which he knows what he deals with. Possibly we find here the key to any freedom.”—Human Nature and Conduct; New York, 1922; p. 303.
100IV, 18, note; cf. Whitman: “By God, I will not have anything that all cannot have their counterpart of on the same terms.”
101Epistle 43.
102II, end.
103II, 44, cor. 2.
104Whitman.
105§500.
106Ecce Homo, p. 130. It was rather Nietzsche’s hope than his attainment.
107Hyperion, II, 203.
108Ethics, IV, 67.
109De Emendatione, p. 230.
110Ethics, V, 40, note.
111In Pollock, 169, 145.
112Ethics, V, 23.
113V, 34, note.
114V, 21.
115II, 49, note.
116Ethics, IV, 37, Note 2.
117Tractatus Politicus, ch, 2.
118Bismarck.
119Ethics, IV, 37, note 1; and App. 27.
120T. T-P., ch. 6.
121Ethics, IV, App. 28.
122T. P., ch. 5.
123Ethics, III, 22, note.
124Ibid., 27, note 1.
125III, App. 27.
126T. T-P., ch. 20.
127Ibid.
128Ibid.
129T. P., ch. 10. (“We always resist prohibitions, and yearn for what is denied us.”)
130T. T-P., pref.
131T. P., ch. 8.
132T. T-P., ch. 17.
133T. P., ch. 6.
134T. P., ch. 7.
135T. T-P., ch. 20.
136T. P., ch. 7.
137“The fields and the whole soil, and (if it can be managed) the houses, should be public property, . . . let at a yearly rental to the citizen; . . . and with this exception let them all be free from every kind of taxation in time of peace.”—T. P., ch. 6.
138T. T-P., ch. 13.
139Ibid., ch. 17.
140Ethics, IV, 58, note.
141T. P., ch. 8.
142Pollock, 79.
143Printed in full in Willis.
144Brandes, Main Currents in Nineteenth Century Literature; New York, 1905; vol. vi, p. 10. Cf. Brandes. Wolfgang Goethe; New York, 1924; vol. i, pp. 432–7.
145Ethics, Everyman ed., Introd., xxii, note.
1Tallentyre, Life of Voltaire; third edition; p. 145.
2Portraits of the Eighteenth Century; New York, 1905; vol. i, p. 196.
3Brandes, Main Currents in Nineteenth Century Literature; vol. iii, p. 107.
4Tallentyre, p. 32.
5J. M. Robertson, Voltaire; London, 1922; p. 67.
6Taine, The Ancient Régime; New York, 1876; p. 262.
7Voltaire, Romances; New York, 1889; p. 12.
8In Sainte-Beuve, i, 226.
9Tallentyre, 93.
10Morley, Voltaire; London, 1878; p. 14.
11Centenary address on Voltaire.
12Romances, pp. vi and ix.
13Brandes, 57.
14Tallentyre, 526.
15Bertaut, Napoleon in His Own Words; Chicago, 1916; p. 63.
16Tallentyre, 101.
17Carlyle thought it an anagram for A-r-o-u-e-t l. j. (le jeune, the younger). But the name seems to have occurred among the family of Voltaire’s mother.
18Robertson, 67.
19Letters on the English, xiii; in Morley, 52.
20Diderot was jailed six months for his Letter on the Blind; Buffon, in 1751, was made to retract publicly his teachings on the antiquity of the earth; Freret was sent to the Bastille for a critical inquiry into the origins of the royal power in France; books continued to be burned officially by the public hangman till 1788, as also after the Restoration in 1815; in 1757 an edict pronounced the death penalty for any author who should “attack religion,”—i.e., call in question any dogma of the traditional faith.—Robertson, 73, 84, 105, 107; Pellissier, Voltaire Philosophe, Paris, 1908, p. 92; Buckle, History of Civilization, New York, 1913; Vol. I, pp. 529 f.
21In Sainte-Beuve, i, 206.
22Tallentyre, 207. Contrast Voltaire’s “God created woman only to tame mankind” (L’Ingenu, in Romances, 309), with Meredith’s “Woman will be the last thing civilized by man” (Ordeal of Richard Feverel, p. 1). Sociologists would side with Voltaire. Man is woman’s last domesticated animal.
23“To laugh and to make laugh.”
24“It is sweet to be foolish on occasion.”
25Letter to Frederick the Great, July, 1737.
26Romances, 339; cf. Shaw’s Back to Methuselah. One of the most famous of Shaw’s bon mots has its prototype in Voltaire’s Memnon the Philosopher, who says, “I am afraid that our little terraqueous globe is the mad-house of those hundred thousand millions of worlds of which your lordship does me the honor to speak.”—Ibid., 394.
27Ibid., 351
28Ibid., 40 f.
29In Sainte-Beuve, i, 212–215.
30In Sainte-Beuve, i, 211.
31Ibid., i, 193.