chapter 3. grigory rasputin and the outbreak of the first world war
The chapter on Guseva's attack and the subsequent investigation draws chiefly on the police files in two Siberian archives: The State Budgetary Institution of the Tiumen' Region: 'The State Archive in the City of Tobolsk', Collection I-164, Inventory 1, Files 436, 437, 439; and The State Institution of the Omsk Region: 'The Historical Archive of the Omsk Region', Collection 190, Inventory 1, 1881-1917 gg., File 332. These important though little-studied files are produced in full in Sergei Fomin, 'Strast' kak bol'no, a vyzhevu ... (Moscow: 2011), pp. 378-826. Additional information is from Oleg Platonov, Zhizn'za tsaria. Pravda o Grigorii Rasputine (St Petersburg: 1996), p. 111; V. L. and M. Iu. Smirnov, Neizvestnoe o Rasputine (Tiumen: 2010), p. 66; Fomin, 'Strast", pp. 85-87, 101-05, 204; State Archive of the Russian Federation (hereafter GARF), 102.242.1912.297, ch. 2, p. 1.
Smirnov, Neizvestnoe, p. 66; Fomin, 'Strast", pp. 117-18; Russian State Historical Archive, 472.2 (195/2683), pp. 7, 8-9.
Joseph T. Fuhrmann, Rasputin: The Untold Story (Hoboken, NJ: 2013), p. 126; Fomin, 'Strast", pp. 161-62, 701-02; Platonov, Zhizn', pp. 136-37.
Fomin, 'Strast", p. 136.
GARF, 1467.1.710, p. 24.
The most authoritative and judicious of the many biographies of Rasputin are Fuhrmann, Rasputin; and Aleksei Varlamov, Grigorii Rasputin-Novyi (Moscow: 2012).
See the clippings in GARF, 102.242.1912, ch. 2; New York Times, 14 July 1914, p. 1; 15 July, p. 4; 16 July, p. 4; 17 July, p. 4.
The suggestion of some international plot involving the assassination of Jaures is absurd, but not uncommon among contemporary nationalist Russian historians. On his murder, see Harvey Goldberg, The Life of Jean Jaures (Madison, WI: 1962), pp. 458-74. As Goldberg notes, Jaures fought up to the end for peace in Europe, although he stood little chance of success.
Colin Wilson, Rasputin and the Fall of the Romanovs (New York: 1964), p. 156; Varlamov, Rasputin-Novyi, pp. 426-28; T. Groian, Muchenik za Khrista i za Tsaria. Chelovek Bozhii Grigorii. Molitvennik za Sviatuiu Rus' i Eia Presvetlago Otroka (Moscow: 2001), pp. 95-96; Iurii Rassulin, ed., Vernaia Bogu, Tsariu i Otechestvu. Anna Aleksandrovna Taneeva (Vyrubova) - monakhiniaMariia (St Petersburg: 2005).
Fuhrmann, Rasputin, p. 118; Varlamov, Rasputin-Novyi, pp. 422-23.
Fuhrmann, Rasputin, p. 115; Varlamov, Rasputin-Novyi, p. 423.
Grigorii Rasputin v vospominaniiakh sovremennikov (Moscow: 1990), pp. 71-73.
Varlamov, Rasputin-Novyi, p. 377.
Ibid., pp. 377-8.
Edvard Radzinsky, The Rasputin File (New York: 2000), pp. 188-89; W. Bruce Lincoln, In War's Dark Shadow: The Russians Before the Great War (New York: 1983), pp. 408-13; Orlando Figes, A People's Tragedy: The Russian Revolution, 1891-1924 (New York: 1997), p. 248.
Varlamov, Rasputin-Novyi, p. 376.
Fuhrmann, Rasputin, p. 115.
Fomin, 'Strast", p. 318.
Clipping of the Frankfurter Zeitung, 1 March 1913. Das Politische Archiv des Auswartigen Amts (Berlin), R.10897.
V Semennikov, Romanovy i germanskie vliianiia, 1914-1917gg. (Leningrad: 1929), pp. 29-30.
Lincoln, War's Dark Shadow, pp. 409-11.
Semennikov, Romanovy, pp. 28-31; Fuhrmann, Rasputin, pp. 114-15.
GARF, 1467.1.710, pp. 151-55.
GARF, 102.242.1912.297, ch. 1, p. 94.
Iurii Rassulin, Sergei Astakhov, and Elena Dushenova, eds, Khronika velikoi druzhby: Tsarstvennye mucheniki i chelovek Bozhii Grigorii Rasputin-Novyi (hereafter KVD) (St Petersburg: 2007), pp. 140-41.
N. A. Sokolov, Ubiistvo tsarskoi sem'i (Berlin: 1922; reprint Moscow: 1990),
p. 94.
KVD, p. 136.
GARF, 640.1.323, p. 2.
GARF, 1467.1.710, p. 159.
GARF, 1467.1.710, pp. 161-63. Akulina Laptinskaya (not Lapshinskaya) was a devoted follower and secretary to Rasputin. She stayed at his bedside during his recovery.
Fuhrmann, Rasputin, p. 129; Andrei Maylunas and Sergei Mironenko, eds, A Lifelong Passion: Nicholas and Alexandra: Their Own Story (New York: 1997), p. 397; Rassulin, ed., Vernaia Bogu, pp. 73-74.
Yale University, Beinecke Library, Romanov Collection, GEN MSS 313, Series 1, Box 1, Folder 100.
Yale University, Beinecke Library, Romanov Collection, GEN MSS 313, Series 1, Box 1, Folder 100; and GEN MSS 313, Box 8, Folder 111; Varlamov, Rasputin-Novyi, pp. 424-25; Fomin, 'Strast", pp. 279-81. S. V Markov, who was with Soloviev in Tobolsk in 1918, saw the letter then, though in his memoirs he implies that the empress had given it and other letters from Rasputin to him earlier for safekeeping. Pokinutaia tsarskaia sem'ia, 1917-1918 (Moscow: 2002), p. 54.
[A. A. Belling], Iz nedavnegoproshlogo: Vstrechi s Grigoriem Rasputinym (Petrograd: 1917), p. 11; Varlamov, Rasputin-Novyi, pp. 425-26.
Fuhrmann, Rasputin, pp. 128-29.
R. R. von Raupakh, Facies Hippocratica (Lik umiraiushchego): Vospominaniia chlena Chrezvychainoi Sledstvennoi Komissii 1917goda, ed. S. A. Man'kov
(St Petersburg: 2007), p. 141; Fomin, 'Strast", pp. 272-75, 313m; Fomin, Nakazaniepravdoi (Moscow: 2007), p. 493; A. Amal'rik, Rasputin: Dokumentalnaiapovest' (Moscow: 1992), pp. 163-64, 185; Dominic Lieven, Nicholas II: Emperor of All the Russias (London: 1993), p. 205.
Peterburgskii kur'er, 16 July 1914, p. 1. Austria declared war on 15/28 July.
GARF, 102.242.1912.297, ch. 1, p. 69.
GARF, 102.242.1912.297, ch. 2, pp. 83-84.
GARF, 102.242.1912.297, ch. 2, pp. 82, 204, 206-06 ob.
Lieven, Nicholas II, pp. 198-203; Robert D. Warth, Nicholas II: The Life and Reign of Russia's Last Monarch (Westport, CT: 1997), pp. 191-96; Rassulin, ed., Vernaia Bogu, pp. 73-74.
KVD, p. 141.
GARF, 640.1.323, p. 3.
GARF, 640.1.323, 3 ob.
Varlamov, Rasputin-Novyi, pp. 429-31.
KVD, p. 144.
KVD, p. 147.
Fuhrmann, Rasputin, p. 132.
Varlamov, Rasputin-Novyi, pp. 428-29.
Peterburgskii kur'er, 16 August 1914, p. 4; 18 August, p. 2.
GARF, 1467.1.710, pp. 208-09.
See, for example, KVD, pp. 147, 157, 165, 194, 219, 223, 224, 225, 240, 259, 370,
417, 427.
See the excellent William C. Fuller, Jr., The Foe Within: Fantasies of Treason and the End of Imperial Russia (Ithaca, New York: 2006).
Joseph T. Fuhrmann, ed., The Complete Wartime Correspondence of Tsar Nicholas II and the Empress Alexandra: April 1914-March 1917 (Westport, CT: 1999), pp. 373, 582-83, 593-94, 631-32, 636, 638-39; Maylunas and Mironenko, eds, Lifelong Passion, p. 473; and Rasputin's letters to the