The Medieval era is often dismissed as a brutal period of darkness, ignorance, bloodshed and disease – the so-called ‘Dark Ages’ dividing classical antiquity from the age of enlightenment. But while warfare, invasions and religious persecution...
The medieval era is often viewed through the eyes of the elites: the kings, queens, knights and church leaders who dominated Europe at the time. But what would life have been like for the ordinary people who made up the vast majority of the...
After disastrous defeats at the hands of the Mongols in the 13th century, the Russian principalities became vassals of the Khans of the Golden Horde for more then 200 years; and at the same time the western princes faced the German crusaders of the...